european exploration
TRANSCRIPT
After the Crusades, Europeans
want Asian goods
Italy dominates trade because itDeveloped a network during the
Crusades
Other European nations want a share of Italy’s profit
Other nations seek a water route to Asia
Effect
Effect
Effect
Causes of
Exploration caus
e
cause
cause
Several factors led to a discovery of a sea route from Europe to Asia
Causes and Effects of the Discovery of a Sea Route to Asia
Causes• Financial backing from Prince Henry the
Navigator• New Technology (caravel & astrolabe)• Seeking financial gains• Converting people to Christianity• Curiosity
Effects• Discovery of a sea route to Asia• Contact with distant lands• Awareness of different cultures
Chapter 2.1Chapter 2.1Suppose you are an explorer in Suppose you are an explorer in the 1500s. You are outfitting the 1500s. You are outfitting your ship for an ocean voyage. your ship for an ocean voyage. What will you need? Write a What will you need? Write a
list.list.
Why would you make such a Why would you make such a voyage?voyage?
European European ExplorationExploration
The 3 G’s, Global Trade, The 3 G’s, Global Trade, and how it all and how it all began . . .began . . .
LT: Explain the economic & religious reasons for exploration and colonization of the Americas.
What is a monopoly, and are they good for consumers? Why, or why not?
Economic Principle of the “Middle Man”
$14.00 for a box of 18 at Costco
Granola Bar $1.00 at the deli
Deli (Retail)
Costco (Wholesale
)
How much would it cost you to buy 18 granola bars at the deli?$18.00
How much money would you save if you bought a box of granola bars from Costco?
$4.00
Therefore, what does it mean, economics, to “skip the middle man”?You can save money by buying wholesale prices, instead of retail.
I’m hungry!
“Skipping the Middle Man”
Retail: 18 granola bars cost $18.00
Wholesale: 18 granola bars cost $13.74
Estoy cansado de pagar a los italianos tan altos precios por los productos de Asia!
Moi aussi!
Europeans were tired of paying the Italians high prices for Asian products. What did they do about it?
Europeans began “skipping the middle man”, sailing directly to Asia to buy their products at a lower price.
European ExplorationEuropean ExplorationWhat were they thinking?
Mercantilism – a nation exports more than it imported to build up it’s wealth.
European Exploration: European Exploration: MotivationsMotivations
The 3 G’s - Gold, God, and Glory
European Exploration : European Exploration : Motivations (1)Motivations (1)
Gold: They wanted wealth of their own!SOURCES OF WEALTH:
- Spain = Mexico & South America for silver and gold.
- England = North America for natural resources Africa for manual labor
- France = Also North America – what resources?Furs!
European Exploration : European Exploration : The 3 GsThe 3 Gs
God: Spread Christianity through the work of missionaries
European Exploration : European Exploration : Motivations Motivations
Glory: To build an empire for the King & Country – source of power
ColoniesColoniesWhy did Europeans colonize the Americas?
Colonies were needed to strengthen the mothercountry’s economy & treasury
A – To produce CASH CROPS , like sugar and tobacco…
B – For RAW MATERIALS to build items back in the mother country.Example - America has tall trees – LUMBER for ship masts!
C – As new MARKETS to sell finished products.
ALL goods andmaterials went tothe mother country
European Exploration : European Exploration : TechnologyTechnology
What allowed the Europeans to cross oceans?
With the use of the compass “borrowed” from theChinese and the Astrolabe, the Portuguese are able to navigate well.
By the 1400s Portugal is building good ships, andmaking accurate sea charts.
Combining old designs together the Portuguese wereable to make a small, fast, and maneuverable shipdesign…
European Exploration : European Exploration : ColoniesColonies
What was the effect on the American Natives?The Spanish and Portuguese are the first to the Caribbean, primarily for sugar – a CASH CROP
The Europeans brought diseases with them that the Native Americans did not have immunities against…
With no Native Americans to work the sugar fields, where do you find workers?... African slaves
European Exploration : European Exploration : SlaverySlaveryBy 1550 the Portuguese were sending 15,000 slaves per year to the Americas and Europe.
The English, French, and Dutch see profit in this, so they join in…
The central African nations provided the slaves.
- Wars between tribes resulted - European guns provided more…
European Exploration : European Exploration : SlaverySlavery
The Africans were packed onto ships for the MIDDLE PASSAGE- They planned on losing 20% enroute- Some of these were suicides.
The slaves were first brought to the West Indies in the Caribbean for “seasoning”. Those that survived the tough sugar plantation life weresent to North America.
The average lifespan for an African in the Caribbean was 3 years…
The Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian ExchangeChristopher Columbus unknowingly set in motion an exchange of goods between Europe and the Americas that would become
known as the Columbian Exchange.
The exchange involved:- Plants - Foods- Crops
- Animals - Human populations
- DISEASES!!!
Overall, the Columbian Exchange increased world populations…1500=425m, 1600=545m, 1700=610m, 1800=900m
Today ? . . . OVER 6 BILLION
The Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian ExchangeFrom Europe:WheatHorsesCattlePigsSheepGoatsChickens
From the Americas:Maize
PotatoesBeans
TomatoesPeppersPeanuts
Pineapples…
Emerging Global TradeEmerging Global TradeFor the first time Africa, Asia, Eurasia, , AND the Americas were connected in global trade.
European Exploration : European Exploration : Global TradeGlobal Trade
The 4 Corners of the World
#1 - Europe#2 – NorthAmerica
#3 – WestAfrica#4 - Caribbean
- Need Resources- Manufacture goods- Provide slave ships
-Provides Resources likelumber, sugar, tobacco…
-Provides the humanlabor (slaves).-Provides gold, silver,ivory, cotton, grain…
-Provides sugar, rum,coffee, indigo, cotton.
Profits from these productsdrive the system…
- ALL of the profitswent to Europe…