Speaker:

M.MANIKANDAN.BE,MBA,(PhD).

Sr. Structural Engineer.

Gulf Consult-Kuwait.

Mobile:+965-97250927.

Email ID: mmanikandan@gckuwait.com

“Design and Behavior of Steel Structure’s from

Constructability Perspectives”

World Congress and Exhibition on construction

And steel structure-17th Nov 2015 . Dubai.

• Most of the structures applies that they are established in the same way for many years.

These phases are sequential but not having much overlap ;

Further;

1) Strict separation.

2) Ignorance & incapability.

3) The Engineer often disregards the phases that come next.

• Result that the detailing of the structure becomes very complex and difficult to fabricate & construct the structures.

• Which leads negative sign in the project such as:

Financial ,constructive, time consuming &aesthetical issues…..etc.

Architect • Makes an architectonic design.

Design Engineer

• Design the main structure.

Steel Fabricator

• Takes care that the construction will be detailed, fabricated and erected.

Inspired by many examples from day to day practice , Herewith the model been illustrated by 3D,30 Story

tall steel building, which has Veirenderal system’s to support the structure above the Atrium.

Geometry, Loads and Materials: 5 bay(8m) on either direction.

No of Stories = 30.

Typical Story Height is 4.5m.

Base Story Height is 5.5m.

Total Height of the Structure is 136m.

System: Braced steel structure with Veirenderal system on 10th floor to support the

structure on the Atrium.

Floor(Diaphragm) system: Composite metal deck slab with Dia19 @300 shear studs,

Loads : Live loads are as per IBC.

Wind load is 100mph,Exposure –C.

Seismic Zone: 1

Zone Factor:0.075

Occupancy Category I:1

Ductility Factor R :3.5

Temperature:30oC

S.I.D (as per trade drawings).

Floor finishes

Partition

Claddings/Curtain wall

MEP

Materials:

Standard Steel sections confirming to ASTM-A572 Gr50

Steel Plates confirming to ASTM-A572 Gr50.

Steel Tubes confirming to ASTM-A500 Gr 50.

Shear Studs confirming to ASTM-A108 Gr1020

Bolts confirming to ASTM A490.

Anchor Bolts confirming to ASTM-A307.

Welds confirming to AWS D1.1, Electrodes E70XX.

Concrete Grade K350 for Slab and K600 for walls.

Fire proofing: 4h( Compliance to the local regulations).

ASTM –E736,ASTM-E119,ASTM-E84( Carboline.Co).

CODES CONFORMANCE

PLAN 21ST TO 30H FLOOR PLAN 11TH TO 20TH FLOOR PLAN GF TO 10TH FLOOR

FLOOR PLANS

DIAPHRAGM ASSIGNMENT

BEHAVIOR OF THE STRUCTURE

Connection Design by considering the constructability

1) Pin Base Plate connection.

2) Beam Shear connection.

3) Bracing connection.

4) Beam Moment connection.

5) Beam splice connection.

Pin Base Plate connection.

Beam Shear connection.

Bracing connection.

Beam Moment connection.

Beam splice connection.

Common Technical Experiences (samples). • Brace Buckling Deformation.

• Brace Fracture(Due to cyclic elastic but fewer).

• Brace Buckling places significant demands on the Gusset plate connections.

Brace Buckling Deformation Initiation/Progression of tearing Fracture

Deformation of Gusset plate Local Yielding in beam and column

• Due to the Brace Buckling ,the connection must be detailed to accommodate significant rotations.

Constructible Connection Detailing(Sample).

Site Photos(Sample).

Moment Connection at Factory:

Fabricated Moment Connection :

Conclusion:

Engineers tend to optimize a structure to a minimum of Kilograms, which leads to structure that are

more expensive and have less quality.

• Hence working together in a design and built team has to assist in the design stage can prevent these

problems.

• Design and Built-team is not always possible, thus the Design Engineer has to be aware that his

design has to be constructed with in indented time and budget.

• So the design Engineer has to start a discussion with the client representatives‘ to chose the adequate

(heavier) profile by explaining the consequences then the aim to a minimum weight has to be left .

• However 3D finite element program would bring the considerable material savings.

• Clear connection guide lines to be provided by the Design engineer in the contract drawings to avoid

a complexity during execution( fabrication, erection) phase.

In my point of view that, there would be always demand for steel structures due to the followings.

• Architectural unsymmetrical objective type Building design.

• Long span.

• Lateral load sustainability wind and Seismic.

• High yield capacity.

• Fast track construction sequence as well to meet the client time requirements.

Thus the Engineers and Professionals to involve eagerly with full of interest and dedication in the design

as well steel construction by considering all the consequences to multiple (or) maintain the demand of

steel in the construction Industries.

Thanks for your kind attention.