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The Wavetronix SmartSensor line provides consistently accurate traffic data for a variety of applications. Each SmartSensor installs above ground and features pat-ented Digital Wave Radar™ and auto-configuration processes that ensure superior performance: SmartSensor HD sees 10 lanes of traffic simultaneously and offers high definition resolution and accurate per vehicle speeds; SmartSensor Advance uses indi-vidual vehicle ETA to improve the safety and efficiency of intersections. When accuracy counts, count on SmartSensor!

Wavetronix Click! products are all about making the right connections. Click!’s broad range of easy-to-use products integrate quickly and operate in even the harshest conditions, connecting various traffic components into one unified system. The simple connectivity of the Wavetronix Click! line provides the power, communications and signaling solutions needed for effective traffic control and management.

The Command line of ready-to-use data appliances easily and efficiently collect, manage and distribute the data needed for truly intelligent transportation systems. Offering out-of-the-box performance, Command products are easy to use and easy to integrate, with the ability to grow and expand with an agency’s changing needs. Separately, or as part of a system package, Command products provide a seamless, end-to-end data management solution.DATA APPLIANCES

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WAVETRONIX LLC380 S. Technology Ct.Lindon, UT 84042Phone: (801) 764-0277Fax: (801) 764-0208E-mail: sales@wavetronix.comWebsite: www.wavetronix.com

Technology evolves at an incredibly fast rate. Successful compa-nies use creativity and innovation to lead the evolutionary process,

challenging competitors to keep up. As the technology leader in the traffic detection market, Wavetronix has inaugurated the second and third generations of radar technology, creating sen-sors with the consistently accurate performance re-quired by modern intelligent transportation systems.

Traffic radar detection is currently in its third gen-eration, and third-generation technology can only be found in SmartSensor HD. It offers true high-defini-tion performance that is unmatched by any competi-tive device. In fact, SmartSensor HD’s core technolo-gies have created a large gap between it and previous generations, and its performance is making the products offered by previous gen-erations, including the original SmartSensor, obsolete.

There is a distinction to be made between generations of tech-nology and versions of products. When Wavetronix refers to Smart-Sensor HD as a third generation device, it refers specifically to the technology that powers its features and performance. Other compa-nies may claim third, even fourth generation products, but they refer specifically to the versions of products they offer; these products use second and first generation technology, and their performance does not match the resolution, speed accuracy or field of view provided by SmartSensor HD.

ResolutionIn optics, resolution is a function of lens size and pixel density, and true high definition requires attention to both. With cameras, for ex-ample, larger lenses produce better quality images. Regardless of lens size, if the lens is improperly focused, images will be blurry and indistinguishable. Likewise, pixel density must match the lens size in order to be effective: an image with good resolution but just a few big pixels will have poor quality; and a blurry image that is densely pixilated will still be blurry.

High definition in radar works the same way, with lens size being equivalent to bandwidth, and pixel density to range bin size. Smart-Sensor HD is the only device that provides true high definition radar. At 245 MHz, it operates at five times the bandwidth of other sensors, which is like using a five-inch camera lens versus a one-inch lens.

SmartSensor HD produces a beam that provides a two-foot resolu-tion with one-foot range bins, which equates to about 12 pixels per lane of traffic.

The difference in comparison with other radar sensors is strik-ing. First and second generation devices, which oper-ate at bandwidths from 45 to 49 MHz, only provide 10-foot resolutions that are typically blurred across lanes, resulting in lane spillover, vehicle occlusion and unresolved detections. Some devices have attempted to mimic high definition radar by increasing their sam-pling rate, or pixels per lane, without increasing band-width. While this has led to moderate improvements in

performance, it still cannot match the true high definition perfor-mance available with SmartSensor HD.

DriftPhotographic resolution can also be negatively affected if a camera lens vibrates or is unstable. Similarly, radar can drift out of band, resulting in degraded resolution, image distortion and non-com-pliance with Federal Communications Commission regulations. To preserve resolution and prevent distortions, SmartSensor HD employs a constant, digital lock to stabilize its transmit signal and hold it within band; first generation devices provided no such lock and relied solely on factory calibration. As a result, first generation devices routinely drifted out of band, a problem that manufacturers admit affected the accuracy of their sensors.

Speed AccuracyOne of the most important advancements offered by SmartSensor HD’s third generation technology is the ability to accurately mea-sure and report individual vehicle speeds. Unlike previous genera-tions, which only provide average per lane speeds and may attach the data to individual detections, SmartSensor HD tracks the ve-locity of individual vehicles as accurately as a well-calibrated dual loop system.

SmartSensor HD contains two receive antennas that are sepa-rated by a small distance, forming a radar speed trap that measures the time it takes for a vehicle to pass between the two antennas to within a fraction of a millisecond. This highly accurate time mea-

Understanding the generation gap between traffic radar technologies and the benefits of true high definition detection. SmartSensor HD’s 5x Resolution makes

a REAL difference

5x

1x

Term Definitions

surement is then used to calculate the vehicle’s speed.Third-party tests show SmartSensor HD’s speed measurements

to be consistently within +/- five mph of true without manually tuning the sensor. And SmartSensor HD isn’t only accurate in free-flow traffic conditions, but also during periods of heavy, stop-and-go congestion when accurate speed data is most needed but hardest to detect.

By contrast, the original SmartSensor could not provide accu-rate per vehicle speeds, but third-party testing showed that its av-erage per lane speeds were accurate to within +/- five mph. Other first and second generation technologies also do not provide per vehicle speeds, and the accuracy of their average per lane speeds cannot be determined because recent published test results cannot be found.

Field of ViewAny radar sensor is limited by the maximum distance at which target vehicles can be detected. SmartSensor HD produces dual 65 degree radar beams that create a wide field of view similar to the panoramic settings on a camera. As a result, SmartSensor HD is a true 10-lane detector, seeing all lanes, both near and far, within its 250-foot range.

Other devices claim similar detection capabilities, but the 40 to 50 degree beams specified by these devices simply cannot see both near and far lanes at the same time unless the devices are per-fectly mounted, aligned and calibrated. SmartSensor HD is much easier to mount and align, and it’s the only sensor that can see all lanes in its field of view simultaneously with a single device.

ConclusionModern traffic monitoring systems grow more sophisticated just as the technology that drives them evolves. SmartSensor HD’s true high definition radar, speed accuracy and field of view help to improve the efficiency of systems around the world, making the sensor an invaluable part of intelligent transportation.

At Wavetronix, our commitment to innovation, combined with the proven performance of our technologies, has led the evolution of radar detection, and we will continue to lead the industry to the next generations of technology. As our technologies evolve, our products and services will only get better. In the meantime, we encourage our industry to embrace third-generation technology. For the best value and greatest performance, the only choice is SmartSensor HD.

SmartSensor HDTM

True High Definition

High resolution—1. Resolution determines the minimum separation between two objects that permits them to be distinguished. To reduce the minimum separation, high-resolution radar systems increase the chirp bandwidth. Synonyms – High definition, High acuitySuper high frequency—2. Both X and K band systems transmit super high frequency (3-30 GHz) microwaves. X-band and K-band radars transmit near 10 and 24 GHz respectively. In radar systems, increasing the transmit frequency does not increase resolution.Radar bandwidth—3. The span of frequencies transmitted by a radar pulse. In the U.S., the FCC has allocated a 50 MHz band for X-band radar and a 250 MHz band for K-band radar. Synonyms – Chirp bandwidth, Pulse bandwidthRange bins—4. One-dimensional range pixels. Increasing the pixel (range bin) density of a radar sensor will not enhance the native resolution, but will help preserve it and accommodate non-uniform lane spacing (varying offsets, lane widths, gore, barriers). Synonyms – Range incre-ments, Range slicesTrue event detection—5. Detection reported by monitoring a single vehicle, without monitoring a zone and without incorporating information recorded from other detections. Synonyms— Per vehicle detectionZone detection—6. Detection reported by watching activity within a configured area or lane. Synonyms – Lane watching Field of view—7. A radar beam is defined by two angles: elevation (vertical) and azimuth (horizontal). With a side-fire installation, the radar’s elevation angle, mounting height, and down-tilt alignment angle determine the span of the field of view across the lanes of the roadway. A larger field of view will provide coverage for a larger spread of lanes, and make mounting height and alignment angle less critical.Footprint—8. The projection of a radar beam on the road surface

© 2008 Wavetronix LLC. All rights reserved.

The above photograph illustrates the resolution possible from a focused 5x lens. With true high definition, SmartSensor HD provides similar resolution in radar.

This 1x lens image illustrates what first- and second generation radar sees. At lower resolutions, vehicles blur across lanes and are indistinguishable.

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SmartSensor HD 2 Years Standard

SmartSensor 105 5 Years Standard

RTMS G4/K4 2 None Not Recommended

RTMS X3/K3 1,3 Unfavorable Standard

Best Fair Poor

What is High-Definition? True High-Definition Radar Accurate Per-Vehicle Speed SmartSensor HD—The Clear Choice

SmartSensor HD SmartSensor 105 RTMS G4/K4 RTMS X3/K3

Resolution 2 feet 10 feet 10 feet ~10 feet

Pixels Per Lane 12 5 9 1.2

SmartSensor HD SmartSensor 105 RTMS G4/K4 RTMS X3/K3

Chirp Bandwidth 245 MHz (at 24.1 GHz)

49 MHz(at 10.5 GHz)

46 MHz(at 24.1 GHz)

~45 MHz(at ~10.5 GHz)

Range Bin Size 1 Foot 2.5 feet 1.3 feet 10 feet

Range Stability Constant Lock (Digital Synthesis)

Fast Lock (Digital Reference)

Slow Lock (Drift Compensation)

No Lock (Factory Calibrated)

SmartSensor HD SmartSensor 105 RTMS G4/K4 RTMS X3/K3

Per Vehicle Velocity ± 5 mph NO NO NO

Per Lane Speed ± 3 mph ± 5 mph ± ? mph ± ? mph

Field of View Dual 65° 80° 50° 40°

Resolution

Pixel Density

Radar Chirp Bandwidth Speed and Direction

Open-Standard Solution (Plug-and-Play) All-In-One Problem

Half-Sensor/Half-CabinetStand Alone Sensor

Standard CabinetRange Bin Size Wide Field of View

High Resolution

Low Resolution

Low Resolution with Drift

SmartSensorHD

SmartSensorHD

SmartSensor105

SmartSensor105

RTMSG4/K4

RTMSG4/K4

RTMSX3/K3

RTMSX3/K3

RTMS X1 1st GenerationRTMS X2 RTMS X3/K3SmartSensor 105 2nd Generation

3rd Generation

Wavetronix Continues to Innovate

SmartSensor HD

RTMS G4/K4

HD

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Dual Radar Speed Trap

SmartSensor HD’s wide field of view provides both near and far detection and flexible alignment

EIS Admits Temperature Drift Affects Accuracy1. —The X3 uses temperature correction to compensate for drift that can push transmit signals out of FCC allocated band. In a G4 patent application, EIS writes that “despite this compensa-tion, there may be substantial drift... Accordingly, this approach... may suffer from the drawback of reduced accuracy.” (No. US 2007/0236365 A1, pub. 10/11/2007)

The RTMS G4 Does Nothing Innovative—2. In his initial response to EIS’ G4 hardware patent application, US patent examiner Tuan Pham rejected EIS’ claims “under 35 USC 103 (a) as being unpatentable” over Wavetronix and other references because their claims “would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time of invention.”

The RTMS X3 Is Outdated—3. In Wavetronix’ well-publicized patent infringement dispute with EIS, EIS attorney Max Grant compared X3 to SmartSensor 105: “We’re a Model T, they’re a Cadillac.” (Pre-trial Conference transcript, page 57, line 15; June 30th, 2006)

Like two loops, detects elapsed • time between radarsProvides • ±5 mph per vehicle accuracyDetects velocity (speed and • direction) for reversible lanes

Analyzes signature produced by • Doppler chirpProvides lane speed accuracy • of ±5 mph after averaging more than 15 vehicles

Detects like a single loop• Assumes vehicle length and • bases speed on vehicle durationAverage lane speed accuracy • changes with the mix of traffic

Limited-Performance/• Single-Antenna RadarLimited Communication • Options and ReachLimited Power/Surge Options• Single Point-of-Failure• Problematic Troubleshooting• Intrusive Maintenance•

Best-of-Breed Sensor• Standard Connector • (Generation-Independant)

Best-of-Breed Communications• Multiple Power & Surge Options• Hassle-free Maintenance•

Doppler Signature Speed

Duration-Based Speed

Length?

Doppler

Dual Beams

245 MHz

4 feetHD High-Definition— 4-foot response contained within each lane Vehicle Tracking

Lane Change TrackedResolvedContained

49/46 MHz

20 feet105 G4Lane WatchingLow-Definition— 20-foot response blurred across lanes

Lane Change ?UnresolvedSpillover

45 MHz

20 feetX1,X2,X3 Lane WatchingLow-Definition with Drift— 20-foot response blurred, plus drifting 1

Lane Change ? + DriftUnresolved + DriftSpillover + Drift

Drift