June 11, 2012Big Idea’s Personal Perspectives and

Beliefs, Albeism, People First Language, Presume Competence, History of Special Education in America, Special Education

in Denver Public Schools

CUI 4450 Education and Psychology of Exceptional

Children

Big Ideas

Overview of Special

Education IDEA and IEP

Learning Disabilities

Response to Intervention

Cultural Diversity in

Special Education

Text for the class

Turnbull, Ann, Turnbull, Rud, & Wehmeyer, Michael (2010). Exceptional Lives: Special Education in Today’s Schools, 6th Edition. Upper Saddle River NJ; Pearson Prentice Hall.

Chapman, Randy, Esq, The Everyday Guide to Special Education Law, The Legal Center, Denver CO

Text for the class

Moats, Louisa (2007). LETRS Foundations Book with DVD of videos: An Introduction to Language and Literacy (You can order it from this site: http://store.cambiumlearning.com ).

Assignments Class participation and attendance 10

pointsResource Notebook 5 points9 Exit Slips from Face to Face Meetings 45

pointsProvided during the Face to Face meetings

Four Text Readings and Responses 40 points

Schedule Session 1

June 11, 2012 -Personal perspective,

beliefs, ableism, people first language,

presume competence, history and SpEd in

DPS

Session 2June 12, 2012

LETRS Chapter 1

Session 3June 13, 2012

LETRS Chapter 2-3

Session 4June 14, 2012

LETRS Chapters 4-6

Session 5June 15, 2012

Psychological Process of writing and math

Session 6June 18, 2012 Historical IEP;

Legislative history; Models of Special Education, IDEA

Session 7June 19, 2012

The IEP and IEP process

Session 8June 20, 2012

Learning Disabilities: RTI

Session 9June 21, 2012

Cultural responsiveness; collaboration

Wiki Site (Temporary)

Big Idea: Personal

perspective of Special

Education and Individuals with Disabilities

Personal Perspectives and Beliefs of Special Education

Take a few minutes to do the top portion of your exit slip.My story “Why I chose special education”Table Talk

Big Idea: Ableism, Presume

Competence and People

First Language

Quote Quest Each group has a quoteRearrange the words to create the quotes as

a groupGlue the quote on the large sheet of paperCopy onto your Exit slipPost the quote on the wallDiscuss the quotes as a groupShare out with the rest of the groups

“”

Sue Rubin

We are going to watch a one minute video on a young woman; Sue Rubin

Jot down notes about Sue.Turn and talk to your shoulder

partner about SueWhat behavior's did you see?What conclusions might you make about Sue?

Sue Rubin

Now we are going to show the video with the sound turned on.

Sue Rubin

Thoughts?

http://www.sue-rubin.org/

Presumed Competence

Judicial System- a person is presumed innocent

Presumed Guilty?

Doctors- we presume they are competent

Presumed Incompetent?

Presume Competence

“…remember that 50% of all doctors graduated in the lower half of their class…”

-Ann Landers

Presumed Competence “…if your house was on fire, but you didn’t

call 911 because you presumed the firefighters were incompetent?”

Presume Competence

Presume Competence

Ableism Table Talk

Ableism is a term that has been around for a long time but rarely used in the public media. Study this word…

Able- -ismWhat do you think this means in the context

of special education?

History of Ableism Read this history of AbleismShare with your shoulder partner what

surprised you about this history of ableism

Ableism definedAbleism is a form of discrimination in which preference is shown to people who appear able-bodied.

Ableism

People First

Table TalkDenver Public Schools strives to practice

people first language. What do you think this means?

People First People First Language recognizes that

individuals with disabilities are - first and foremost - people.  It emphasizes each person's value, individuality, dignity and capabilities

People First Language to Use

Instead of Labels that Stereotype and Devalue

•people/individuals with disabilitiesan adult who has a disabilitya child with a disabilitya person

•the handicappedthe disabled

•people/individuals without disabilitiestypical kids

•normal people/healthy individualsatypical kids

•people with intellectual and developmental disabilitieshe/she has a cognitive impairmenta person who has Down syndrome

•the mentally retarded; retarded peoplehe/she is retarded; the retardedhe/she's a Downs kid; a Mongoloid; a Mongol

•a person who has autism •autistic

•people with a mental illnessa person who has an emotional disabilitywith a psychiatric illness/disability

•the mentally ill; the emotionally disturbedis insane; crazy; demented; psychoa maniac; lunatic

What do I call a person with a disability?“Men, women, boys, girls, students, mom,

Sue's brother, Mr. Smith, Rosita, a neighbor, employer, coworker, customer, chef, teacher, scientist, athlete, adults, children tourists, retirees, actors, comedians, musicians, blondes, brunettes, SCUBA divers, computer operators, individuals, members, leaders, people, voters, Coloradians, friends or any other word you would use for a person.”

Big Idea: History of the Education

of Individuals with Disabilities

History of Special Education

Take a few minutes to complete section two of your exit slips

Historical Timeline- Education of Students with Disabilities

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Pre 1975

1975

1980’s-1990’s

1997

2001

2004 to today

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Mills v. Washington, DC, Board of Education Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens [PARC] v.

Commonwealth of Pennsylvania The courts ordered school districts to:

Provide a free, appropriate public education to all students with disabilities

Educate students with disabilities in the same schools and basically same programs as students without disabilities

Put into place procedural safeguards so that students can challenge schools that do not live up to the court’s orders.

These decisions led to families advocating for a federal law to guarantee rights and Congress to act

Judicial Decisions and Legislation

Court Cases

Pre-1975

“One million of the 8 million handicapped children are excluded entirely from the public school system and will not go through the educational process with their peers.”

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1.75 millionhandicapped children are receiving no educational services

1975- Public Law 94-142“To remedy this national shame, the new law

required that children with disabilities receive a free and appropriate public education and that special education and related services be provided to children according to an IEP. Congress had set up to right this great wrong.”

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Original intent: Open schools to all students with disabilities and ensure they had a chance to benefit from special education

Board of Education v Rowley 1982

Amy is deafAs a kindergartner she attended public

school with support services and aids, and interpreter was used for a trail period

In first grade the IEP team determined that Amy didn’t need an interpreter as she was keeping up with the class

Parents sued district claiming that without an interpreter Amy could not reach her potential

Supreme court ruling: FAPE doesn’t mean reaching your potential but adequate access to the curriculum

1980’s and 1990’s

• Emphasis on the individual and concern about early intervention services birth to three year’s old

• The name changed to Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

• Mainstreaming and “Inclusion Model” became popular- no where in the law is the term “Inclusion” or “Mainstreaming” used.

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IDEA 1997

“Over 20 years of research and experience has demonstrated that the education of children with disabilities can be made more effective by-having high expectations for such children and ensuring their access in the general curriculum to the maximum extent possible.” 20 USC § 1401(c) (5) (1997)

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IDEIA 2004• General Educator as a required member of the IEP

team • Rational Statement: The extent to which the student

will not participate in general education• Emphasis on Transition services into adulthood

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Approximately 6 million students ages 6 - 21369,596 infants and toddlers or 2.2% of

U.S. infants and toddlers670,750 preschool children or 5.8% of the

preschool-aged population

Who Are the Students?

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Approximately 2/3 boys and 1/3 girls in special education

Approximately 1.8% to 18 % of students in the gifted and talented category in different states- Overall, 6.4 % of the school population

Females slightly outnumber males in gifted and talented category

Profile of Special Education

39

Categories of Disabilities (Figure 1–2)

Students 6 to 21: 2007

46%

19%

10%

8%

8%9% Specific Learning

disabilitiesSpeech LanguageImpairmentsIntellectualDisabilityEmotional/ Behavioral disordersOther HealthImpairmentsOther Disabilitiescombined

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Special education is a high-demand occupation

Districts often have unfilled teaching positions

Many different professionals work with students with disabilities:

Who Are Special Education Personnel?

– School social workers– Occupational therapists– Physical therapists– Recreation and therapeuticspecialists– Paraprofessionals

– Supervisors/administrators– Psychologists– Diagnostic/evaluation staff– Audiologists– Speech therapists– Additional specialists

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The Span of Special Education

IDEA provides services from birth to age 21(historically was from ages 6 to 18)

IDEA has three sections:Part A sets out Congress’s intent and national

policy to provide a free appropriate public education to all students with disabilities

Part B serves children ages 3 to 21 Part C serves students ages birth to 2

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IDEA Disability Categories

Specific learning disabilities

Emotional disturbanceMental retardationMultiple disabilitiesDeaf-blindnessAutism

Other health impairments

Orthopedic impairmentsTraumatic brain injurySpeech or language

impairmentsHearing impairmentsVisual impairments

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Other Federal Laws: Entitlements and Antidiscrimination

Rehabilitation ActAllows people to seek vocational rehabilitation

services so they may workProvides services such as supported

employment programs and job coachesTech Act

Allows states to create statewide systems for delivering assistive technology devices and support to people with disabilities

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Section 504 Applies to any program or activity receiving

federal funds

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Applies to other programs or activities

available to the public that do NOT receive federal funds

Other Federal Laws: Entitlements and Antidiscrimination

Big Idea: Special Education

in Denver Pubic Schools

Continuum of Services in DPS

During IEP meeting when determining LRE always start with the general education classroom!

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Continuum of Services in DPS

47

Provided in every school within DPS

Continuum of Services in DPS

48

Provided in select school within school within DPS-Law indicates that the full continuum doesn’t need to be replicated in every building-Most HS and MS have a full continuum

Continuum of Services in DPS

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Must be sanctioned by CDEVery costly and reserved for the most severe

Problem Solving Process

IEP Team as a Problem Solving Process

Referral

Initial Evaluations

IEP Meeting

Annual review and Re-

evaluation

Progress Reports

Implement Services

Another model for RTI?Data Teams and Team Planning

Student Intervention

Team

IEP Team

Specially Designed Instruction

Complete the Exit Slips

Take a few minutes to complete your exit slips before leaving class