Chapter 11.1 (cont.)

Early Industry and Inventions

Image:http://www.cardcow.com/251200/old-slater-mill-first-textile-america-pawtucket-rhode-island/

New manufacturing methods spread

• Manufacturing methods/concepts used in textiles spread to other industries.

• Eli Whitney signs a government project. - Claims he can make 10,000 army muskets in 2 years.

- Fails, but does successfully demonstrate the concept of interchangeable parts.

Interchangeable parts revolutionized industry:o Made replacing parts easiero Made production fastero Reduced production costso Allowed for a less-skilled labor force

Impact: Migration of people from farms to cities. Work done in factories instead of the homes.

http://www.eliwhitney.org/new/museum/eli-whitney

New Inventions

Improved transportation, communication, and production

http://www.nhorizon.net/history-eras-1350-now.html

Steamboat• Inventor: Robert Fulton• Name: The Clermont• Could move against the current or strong wind.• Launched on the Hudson. Steam engine turned paddle

wheels. (1807)• Record trip – 300 mile round trip in 62 hours

http://www.kiac-usa.com/clermont.html

studentreader.com

1st American Steam-powered locomotive

• Inventor: Peter Cooper• Name: Tom Thumb• Launched in 1830 – race against a horse pulled train. (By the

way… the horse won)

http://history1800s.about.com/od/steamlocomotives/ig/19thcentloco/tomthumb-rakeman.htm

Telegraph1837

Inventor: Samuel F.B. Morse

http://www.notablebiographies.com

How it works: Sends long and short pulses of electricity along a wire. The pulses were translated into letters spelling out messages (Morse Code).

Impact: Only seconds to communicate with someone in another city.

http://teachers.henrico.k12.va.us

Improvements to farming John Deere – 1st steel-blade plow (Farming spreads to mid-west)

Andrew Meikle – threshing machine which separatedkernals of wheat from husks.

Cyrus McCormick – reaper which cut ripe grain quickly and efficient.

www.localhistories.org/farming.html

Impact of new inventions

• Linked regions together / National Unity

Ex. Midwestern farmers grew food to feed northeastern factory workers. Midwestern farmers bought manufactured goods from the east. As more factories were built in the north, their demand for southern cotton increased.

(Downside: Led to expansion of slavery in the South)

Invention trivia

• What else did Peter Cooper invent?

1st American patent for gelatin

• In 1895, Pearl B. Wait, a cough syrup manufacturer, bought the patent from Peter Cooper and turned Cooper's gelatin dessert into a prepackaged commercial product, which his wife, May David Wait, renamed

Elias Howe – 1846

Originally invented by an apprentice, but Howe made slight improvements and patentedthe machine and made a future.

Rubber Band -1845

Safety Pin - 1849

Telephone

Game of Basketball

Alexander Graham Bell 1876

original game that was invented by him contained soccer balls which had to be thrown in the peach baskets with their bottoms closed.

One of Mrs. Hart’s favorites…

• 1853 • Inventor: American Indian George Crum

Potato Chips