Chapter 1Chapter 1

P. 3P. 3Para. 1-2Para. 1-2

Diction—disappear, went away, Diction—disappear, went away, crusted, sky became pale, earth crusted, sky became pale, earth became pale.became pale.

Builds imagery of a desolate setting Builds imagery of a desolate setting abandoned of peopleabandoned of people

Sharp sun struck, strength grew weak.Sharp sun struck, strength grew weak.Sun shone more fiercelySun shone more fiercely

Chapter 1Chapter 1

Setting is brutalSetting is brutalHarsh environment has destroyed life Harsh environment has destroyed life

or sent it awayor sent it awayNo element of humanity in this No element of humanity in this

chapterchapter

Chapter 1Chapter 1

P4P4Para 1Para 1Last 3 lines-top of p5Last 3 lines-top of p5 Imagery again is of desolationImagery again is of desolationSetting with its dust has Setting with its dust has

overwhelmed every elementoverwhelmed every element

Chapter 1Chapter 1

The description of the beleaguered The description of the beleaguered environment creates an apocalyptic environment creates an apocalyptic tonetone that suggests the that suggests the environmental impact has environmental impact has devastated people beyond point that devastated people beyond point that they can continue to live in this they can continue to live in this environment.environment.

Chapter 1Chapter 1

P5P522ndnd full para. full para.Personification: the sun appeared; Personification: the sun appeared;

red circle gave little light, wind red circle gave little light, wind cried and whimperedcried and whimpered

Chapter 1Chapter 1

Notice the role of diction and Notice the role of diction and imagery in the personification.imagery in the personification.

Use of this figurative creates a more Use of this figurative creates a more immediately tragic impact.immediately tragic impact.

Chapter 1Chapter 1

P7P7The people are described in general The people are described in general

and broad termsand broad termsBut they are characterized with But they are characterized with

strengthstrength

Chapter 1Chapter 1

We see a sense of determination We see a sense of determination within the imagery of the within the imagery of the overwhelmed familiesoverwhelmed families

This suggests that in spite of the This suggests that in spite of the hardship they will find a way to hardship they will find a way to survive after their “thinking and survive after their “thinking and figuring.”figuring.”

Chapter 2Chapter 2

P11, mid pageP11, mid pageTom asks for a rideTom asks for a rideTom is characterized as coercive Tom is characterized as coercive

and self-interestedand self-interested

Chapter 2Chapter 2

Chapter describes Tom’s truck rideChapter describes Tom’s truck rideHe shares some cursory tidbits about He shares some cursory tidbits about

himselfhimselfHe taunts the driver by telling him he He taunts the driver by telling him he

was in for homicide, which isn’t fully was in for homicide, which isn’t fully truetrue

Chapter 3Chapter 3

P20-21—description of a land turtle P20-21—description of a land turtle that is making its way across the road that is making its way across the road with difficultywith difficulty

It is depicted as ancient—last 7 linesIt is depicted as ancient—last 7 linesChapter is a symbolic representation Chapter is a symbolic representation

of the Joads’ experiences of hardship.of the Joads’ experiences of hardship.

Chapter 3Chapter 3

P22, Last paragraphP22, Last paragraphNotice that the truck “swerved to hit it,” Notice that the truck “swerved to hit it,”

not miss it.not miss it.This suggests hostile forces will sometimes This suggests hostile forces will sometimes

make an effort to destroy the Joadsmake an effort to destroy the JoadsLike the turtle they will survive in one form Like the turtle they will survive in one form

or another.or another.

Chapter 4Chapter 4P25P25Tom meets Jim Casy (JC) who is Tom meets Jim Casy (JC) who is

symbolically wandering through the symbolically wandering through the desert.desert.

P25, bottomP25, bottomHe is described in physically weak He is described in physically weak

termstermsP26—turns out Casy and Tom knew P26—turns out Casy and Tom knew

each other in the past.each other in the past.

Chapter 4Chapter 4

Grapes is structured in parallel with Grapes is structured in parallel with the Book of Exodus.the Book of Exodus.

Where the Israelites were led Where the Israelites were led through the desert to the promised through the desert to the promised land of Canaan.land of Canaan.

Tom and Casy meet when Casy is Tom and Casy meet when Casy is ‘lost’‘lost’

He will become a role model for TomHe will become a role model for Tom

Chapter 4Chapter 4

P27P27Casy describes himself as having Casy describes himself as having

lost the faithlost the faithCasy is characterized as simple, Casy is characterized as simple,

but his ideas are solid.but his ideas are solid.Casy simply thinks that he has lost Casy simply thinks that he has lost

the faiththe faithHas he ???Has he ???

Chapter 4Chapter 4

P29, 2P29, 2ndnd half halfMore thoughts from Casy on being lostMore thoughts from Casy on being lostHe regrets being a hypocrite on He regrets being a hypocrite on

account of lust for the ladies.account of lust for the ladies.Casy says he doesn’t know where he Casy says he doesn’t know where he

is going.is going.This suggests that he is looking for This suggests that he is looking for

something and that he will likely find something and that he will likely find it.it.

Chapter 4Chapter 4 P32, center para, middleP32, center para, middle Casy says he loves people and he Casy says he loves people and he

preached b/c he thought that would preached b/c he thought that would make them happymake them happy

Casy is characterized as fully selflessCasy is characterized as fully selfless Concerned only with others, the good of Concerned only with others, the good of

the wholethe whole Keep an eye on how this develops and Keep an eye on how this develops and

how it culminates.how it culminates.

Chapter 4Chapter 4

P32, last line-first 5 lines on p33P32, last line-first 5 lines on p33““maybe it’s all men an’ all women we love…maybe it’s all men an’ all women we love…““one big soul”one big soul”This emphasizes the idea of the human This emphasizes the idea of the human

collective w/o divisionscollective w/o divisions It suggest the inherent wrong of exploitation It suggest the inherent wrong of exploitation

if we are all one “human sperit.” if we are all one “human sperit.” We will refer to this passage later. Keep not We will refer to this passage later. Keep not

of it.of it.

Chapter 4Chapter 4

P35—the real story about Tom’s P35—the real story about Tom’s crimecrime

P41—last 3 linesP41—last 3 linesTom has no understanding of what Tom has no understanding of what

has happened during his absence.has happened during his absence.Chap 5 will explore the nature of the Chap 5 will explore the nature of the

impact while 6+7 will reveal the impact while 6+7 will reveal the impact on his family.impact on his family.

Chapter 5Chapter 5

P42—We see the impact on families P42—We see the impact on families as well as the owner menas well as the owner men

The nature of the effect of the dust The nature of the effect of the dust bowl on the farmers and the banks bowl on the farmers and the banks is beyond their control and is beyond their control and understanding.understanding.

Chapter 5Chapter 5

P43, top 6 linesP43, top 6 linesDiction—bank is describes as a Diction—bank is describes as a

monster and ‘machines’monster and ‘machines’““Well, it’s too late, bottom halfWell, it’s too late, bottom halfThe bank is described in inhuman The bank is described in inhuman

terms—it doesn’t eat, etcterms—it doesn’t eat, etc It is beyond their control—it is It is beyond their control—it is

“stronger than they were.”“stronger than they were.”

Chapter 5Chapter 5

ContinuedContinuedPassage shows conflict b/w man Passage shows conflict b/w man

and social setting / env.and social setting / env. It shows that neither side It shows that neither side

understands what is going on and understands what is going on and what is being done.what is being done.

DiscussDiscuss

Chapter 5Chapter 5

P44-middle of 46P44-middle of 46This is a dialogue –like exchange This is a dialogue –like exchange

b/w farmers and bankers but w/o b/w farmers and bankers but w/o specific charactersspecific characters

What is the effect of this???What is the effect of this???

Chapter 5Chapter 5

Shows the helplessness of the Shows the helplessness of the farmersfarmers

b/c the bank is a monster—middle b/c the bank is a monster—middle parapara

Last 7 lines show the inhumanity of Last 7 lines show the inhumanity of the bank of menthe bank of men

Chapter 5Chapter 5

P46 P46 ““well—first the sheriff…”well—first the sheriff…”

This shows the omnipotence of the This shows the omnipotence of the bankbank

One way or another, its will shall be One way or another, its will shall be donedone

Chapter 5Chapter 5

P47, third lineP47, third lineP48-50—The masked man on the P48-50—The masked man on the

bulldozer, Joe Davis’ boy.bulldozer, Joe Davis’ boy.The monster does not care about The monster does not care about

the needs of people.the needs of people.One of the farmer men has sold out One of the farmer men has sold out

his people and become a goon for his people and become a goon for capitalism for $3 a day.capitalism for $3 a day.

Chapter 5Chapter 5

P51, “And That reminds me…”P51, “And That reminds me…”Last line of 51 and top of 52.Last line of 51 and top of 52.For $3 a day he cares as much For $3 a day he cares as much

about them as the bank men do.about them as the bank men do.This suggests that the bank’s power This suggests that the bank’s power

is endless.is endless.

Chapter 6Chapter 6

P54-55P54-55 Imagery is ghostly and abandonedImagery is ghostly and abandonedTom and Casy try to piece together Tom and Casy try to piece together

what happened to the old farm.what happened to the old farm.

Chapter 6Chapter 6

P62-64P62-64Last 3 lines of 63, top of 64—Muley Last 3 lines of 63, top of 64—Muley

is defiantis defiantMuley fills in Tom and CasyMuley fills in Tom and CasyMuley’s defiance is as futile as the Muley’s defiance is as futile as the

men who questioned Joe Davis’ boy men who questioned Joe Davis’ boy in Chap 5in Chap 5

Chapter 6Chapter 6

P71, 5P71, 5thth-6-6thth lines linesP78-79—They all hide when a car P78-79—They all hide when a car

from the bank arrivesfrom the bank arrivesTheir direct thoughts on the nature Their direct thoughts on the nature

of capitalismof capitalismThis suggests the bank stripping This suggests the bank stripping

power from the farmers.power from the farmers.

Chapter 7Chapter 7

P83, a used car sales man exploits P83, a used car sales man exploits those in need.those in need.

Notice that the salesman is meeting Notice that the salesman is meeting his own needhis own need

His job is not to meet the needs of his His job is not to meet the needs of his fellow man but is taking advantage of fellow man but is taking advantage of the needy for his own enrichmentthe needy for his own enrichment

The nature of capitalism.The nature of capitalism.

Chapter 7Chapter 7

What is Capitalism??What is Capitalism??an economic system in which an economic system in which

ownership of the means of ownership of the means of production, distribution, and production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and exchange of wealth is made and maintained by private individuals or maintained by private individuals or corporations, corporations,

This as contrasted to cooperatively This as contrasted to cooperatively or state-owned means of wealth. or state-owned means of wealth.

Capitalism, continuedCapitalism, continued

In such a system, individuals and In such a system, individuals and firms have the right to own and use firms have the right to own and use wealth to earn income and to sell wealth to earn income and to sell and purchase labor for wages with and purchase labor for wages with little or no government control. little or no government control.

The function of regulating the The function of regulating the economy is achieved through the economy is achieved through the operation of market forces where operation of market forces where prices and profit dictate how prices and profit dictate how resources are used. resources are used.

The U.S. is a capitalistic system. The U.S. is a capitalistic system.

Chapter 7Chapter 7

P88—”Sure, we sold it…”P88—”Sure, we sold it…”Tone and character of man is of Tone and character of man is of

a simple mana simple manHe represents an element of a He represents an element of a

hostile social settinghostile social setting

Chapter 7Chapter 7

This man sees his job in simple termsThis man sees his job in simple termsBut his manner is as antagonistic as But his manner is as antagonistic as

that of the bank.that of the bank.Capitalistic exploitation is Capitalistic exploitation is

everywhereeverywhereSimilar to bank scandal of ‘08Similar to bank scandal of ‘08

Chapter 8Chapter 8

P97—Tom ReturnsP97—Tom ReturnsP99, last 2 lines of 1P99, last 2 lines of 1stst para. Ma is para. Ma is

characterized as generous.characterized as generous.Ma will emerge repeatedly Ma will emerge repeatedly

throughout the novel as generousthroughout the novel as generousShe will also emerge as point of She will also emerge as point of

strength and leadership for the strength and leadership for the Joads.Joads.

Chapter 8Chapter 8

P108-109—Casy is asked to say grace, P108-109—Casy is asked to say grace, doesn’t want to b/c he “ain’t a preacher doesn’t want to b/c he “ain’t a preacher no more.”no more.”

P109, bottom—”I been thinkin’…P109, bottom—”I been thinkin’…Here again Casy is depicted as a Christ-Here again Casy is depicted as a Christ-

like figurelike figureHe describes wandering through the He describes wandering through the

wilderness , trying to figure things outwilderness , trying to figure things outLike Jesus in the Desert for 40 daysLike Jesus in the Desert for 40 days

Chapter 8Chapter 8

P110, top 1/3P110, top 1/3He is humble, saying he is nothing He is humble, saying he is nothing

like Jesus, but he says he “got like Jesus, but he says he “got tired like Him, an’ I got mixed up tired like Him, an’ I got mixed up like Him,’ out in the wildernesslike Him,’ out in the wilderness

Chapter 8Chapter 8

P110, last paragraphP110, last paragraphThis echos bottom of p32-top of p33This echos bottom of p32-top of p33Here we see what Casy discovered Here we see what Casy discovered

in the wilderness.in the wilderness.He says the selfish ‘bust the He says the selfish ‘bust the

holiness’holiness’He says that when people work for He says that when people work for

the good of the whole ‘that’s holy’the good of the whole ‘that’s holy’

Chapter 8Chapter 8

Continued from previous slide…Continued from previous slide…This raises the point about the This raises the point about the

inherent immorality of the selfish inherent immorality of the selfish nature of what capitalism becomesnature of what capitalism becomes

This foreshadows the abuse the Joads This foreshadows the abuse the Joads will suffer along the way by the will suffer along the way by the capitalistscapitalists

It also suggest that through unity It also suggest that through unity people can save and help themselvespeople can save and help themselves

Chapter 9Chapter 9

P117P117Their farming possessions are Their farming possessions are

useless now that the Dust Bowl and useless now that the Dust Bowl and the Depressions has wrecked their the Depressions has wrecked their opportunities to farmopportunities to farm

P118, first 8 linesP118, first 8 linesBusinessmen take advantage of the Businessmen take advantage of the

farmers in their hardshipfarmers in their hardship

Chapter 9Chapter 9

p118, last 3 linesp118, last 3 linesThis largely suggests that This largely suggests that

eventually all or most people will eventually all or most people will be destroyed by the DB and GDbe destroyed by the DB and GD

And by then the rich will have And by then the rich will have destroyed the poordestroyed the poor

And the poor will not help the richAnd the poor will not help the richRevolution will followRevolution will follow

Chapter 9Chapter 9

P119, 2P119, 2ndnd para—”We’ll start over.” para—”We’ll start over.”This suggests the tenacity and This suggests the tenacity and

survivability of the Joadssurvivability of the JoadsLike the Turtle, hardships will befall Like the Turtle, hardships will befall

the Joadsthe JoadsBut they are hopefulBut they are hopeful

Chapter 10Chapter 10

P122, last 6 lines—Foreshadowment P122, last 6 lines—Foreshadowment This suggest that all might not turn out This suggest that all might not turn out

as well in CA as they naively believe.as well in CA as they naively believe.P124—The handbill and the Promised P124—The handbill and the Promised

LandLandMore foreshadowmentMore foreshadowment

This suggest the impending inhumane This suggest the impending inhumane and exploitative experiences they will and exploitative experiences they will have.have.

Chapter 10Chapter 10

P127, last 9 linesP127, last 9 linesCasy says, “I got to go where the folks is Casy says, “I got to go where the folks is

goin’”goin’”Remember that Casy’s primary conern is Remember that Casy’s primary conern is

peoplepeopleHe doesn’t know what his purpose is He doesn’t know what his purpose is But he will discover itBut he will discover itP129—P129—Here we are introduced to the various JoadsHere we are introduced to the various Joads

Chapter 10Chapter 10

Last 2 lines of p147-148Last 2 lines of p147-148A mournful tone predominates this A mournful tone predominates this

passagepassageAs we see imagery of Ma observing a As we see imagery of Ma observing a

former home former home We see their empty houseWe see their empty houseThe nature of the impact of the The nature of the impact of the

circumstances is observed through the circumstances is observed through the mournful tonemournful tone