The Industrial Revolution

Causes of IR: Iron, Steam and Railways

IR – a process

Cheaper prices + increased

supply

Surplus Income + increased demand

New businesses + new inventions

Question:What implications did that have for manufacturers in relation to their customers?

The Crystal Palace building built for the Great Exhibition of 1851

Paris’ Eiffel Tower – built in 1889 out of iron

Transportation

Question:What was Britain's earliest transportation infrastructure, before railroads?

The Steam Engine…Thomas Newcomen

The Newcomen Engine1710

The first practical steam engine for pumping water

James Watt1763 – 1775

Developed an improved version of Newcomen's engine

Question:What was the significance of the combustion engine?

Steam Tractor Power Loom

Steam Locomotiv

e

Steam ship

How are these images related?

The Railways

Economic Changes

How did railways create more jobs?Railways make the moving of goods cheaper.

Goods can now be sold for less.

More people can afford to buy these goods

More goods are sold & so more need to be produced.

Businessmen employ more workers.

More people with jobs means …

This is called the Cycle of Prosperity

The Rocket

Stephenson’s train “The Rocket” could travel up to 30 miles

per hour

1829

Why would they build a train line connecting these two cities?

Clue: Do you know where these two cities are located?

ManchesterTo

Liverpool

15 September 1830

Social Changes

GMT

Charles Dickens, writer:Oliver Twist

A Christmas CarolDavid Copperfield

What is this woman doing?

Environmental Changes

Impact on the landscape?

Social & Economic Impact of the Railways

People became more interested in politics & this led to the growth of political parties

People were able to travel greater distances for leisure & to work

Seaside towns developed; the railways made cheap day trips possible

Newspapers could be sent from London all over the country.

Railway engineering towns grew up, E.g. Crewe & Doncaster.

Fish & Chips

Canals & stage coach companies could not compete & went bankrupt.

Industry grew, because the railways needed coal & iron; railways in turn allowed factories to transport their goods to markets.

Townspeople were able to receive meat, fish, milk and vegetables brought in whilst they were still fresh by the railways.

First Class Mail

The Post became quicker

Write a summary paragraph to describe the different impacts

that the railroad had on Victorian life…

demand exports

population

Raw materials

AR

Trigger Industry

textiles

inventions

entrepreneur

Write a sentence using as many words as possible