blood flow and the control of blood pressure
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Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure. 15. About this Chapter. The blood vessels Blood pressure Resistance in the arterioles Distribution of blood to the tissues Exchange at the capillaries The lymphatic system Regulation of blood pressure Cardiovascular disease. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
POWERPOINT® LECTURE SLIDE PRESENTATIONby LYNN CIALDELLA, MA, MBA, The University of Texas at Austin
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGYAN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOURTH EDITION
DEE UNGLAUB SILVERTHORN
UNIT 3UNIT 3
PART A
15 Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
About this Chapter
The blood vessels
Blood pressure
Resistance in the arterioles
Distribution of blood to the tissues
Exchange at the capillaries
The lymphatic system
Regulation of blood pressure
Cardiovascular disease
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Functional Model of the Cardiovascular System
Figure 15-1
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-2
Blood Vessel Structure
Animation: Cardiovascular System: Anatomy Review: Blood Vessel Structure & FunctionPLAY
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-3
Metarterioles
Capillaries lack smooth muscle and elastic tissue reinforcement which facilitates exchange
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Angiogenesis
New blood vessel development
Necessary for normal development
Wound healing and uterine lining growth
Controlled by cytokines Mitogens: VEGF and FGF
Inhibit: angiostatin and endostatin
Coronary heart disease Collateral circulation
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-4a
Elastic Recoil in Arteries(a) Ventricular contraction
Ventricle contracts.
Aorta and arteries expand and store pressure in elastic walls.
Semilunar valve opens.
Arterioles
1
1 2
2
3
3
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-4a, step 1
Elastic Recoil in Arteries(a) Ventricular contraction
Ventricle contracts.
Arterioles
1
1
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-4a, steps 1–2
Elastic Recoil in Arteries(a) Ventricular contraction
Ventricle contracts. Semilunar valve opens.
Arterioles
1
1 2
2
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-4a, steps 1–3
Elastic Recoil in Arteries(a) Ventricular contraction
Ventricle contracts.
Aorta and arteries expand and store pressure in elastic walls.
Semilunar valve opens.
Arterioles
1
1 2
2
3
3
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-4b
Elastic Recoil in Arteries(b) Ventricular relaxation
Isovolumic ventricularrelaxation occurs.
Elastic recoil of arteries sends blood forward into rest of circulatory system.
Semilunar valve shuts, preventing flow back into ventricle.
1
2
3
3
21
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-4b, step 1
Elastic Recoil in Arteries(b) Ventricular relaxation
Isovolumic ventricularrelaxation occurs.
1
1
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-4b, steps 1–2
Elastic Recoil in Arteries(b) Ventricular relaxation
Isovolumic ventricularrelaxation occurs.
Semilunar valve shuts, preventing flow back into ventricle.
1
2
21
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-4b, steps 1–3
Elastic Recoil in Arteries(b) Ventricular relaxation
Isovolumic ventricularrelaxation occurs.
Elastic recoil of arteries sends blood forward into rest of circulatory system.
Semilunar valve shuts, preventing flow back into ventricle.
1
2
3
3
21
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Review of Blood Flow
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-5
Pressure throughout the Systemic Circulation
Blood pressure is highest in the arteries and decreases continuously as it flows through the circulatory system
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Blood Pressure
Pulse Pressure = systolic P – diastolic P
Valves ensure one-way flow in veins
MAP = diastolic P + 1/3(systolic P – diastolic P)
Animation: Cardiovascular System: Measuring Blood PressurePLAY
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Measurement of Arterial Blood Pressure
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Blood Pressure
Mean arterial pressure is a function of cardiac output and resistance in the arterioles
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Blood Pressure
Blood pressure control involves both the cardiovascular system and the renal system
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15-10
Animation: Cardiovascular System: Factors That Affect Blood PressurePLAY
Factors that Influence Mean Arterial Pressure