blood. 66. blood fluid tissue made of liquid and cells
TRANSCRIPT
BLOOD
66. Blood
• fluid tissue made of liquid and cells
Blood
• About 5 liters• Travels about 40 mph through
vessels
Blood
A. Plasma – yellowish liquid that blood cells float around in
Plasma
a. Makes up – 55% of bloodb. Made of – 90% water, proteins
B. Erythrocytes - Red blood cells
5 million red blood cells in a drop of blood
Erythrocytes
a. Shape - Concave disc, allows them to bend and twist
Erythrocytes
b. Not true cells, lack a nucleus
Erythrocytes
c. Job – carry O₂ to body cells, carry CO₂ to lungs to be released
Erythrocytes
d. Hemoglobin – red protein that binds to O₂ and CO₂
Hemoglobin
• Oxygen-rich – bright red color• Oxygen-poor – dark maroon color
Life span
e. Constantly wear out (120 days) and remade in bone marrow
About 2 million die every second
C. Leukocytes – white blood cells
7,000 white blood cells in a drop of blood
Leukocytes
a. Size - larger than Red Blood Cells
Leukocytes
b. Job – guard body against disease
Types of Leukocytes
Monocytes
• “phagocytes”, engulf bacteria and old red blood cells
Lymphocytes
• Produce antibodies that fight disease and destroy infected cells
Eosinophils
• Kill parasitic worms
D. Thrombocytes - platelets
Half a million platelets in a drop of blood
Thrombocytes
a. Not real cells, pieces of cytoplasm from larger cells
Thrombocytes
b. Job – essential for blood clotting
c. Clotting Process
• Platelets clump to the injured area• Release chemicals that react with
proteins in the blood
Clotting Process
• Creates fibrin – threads that intertwine and form a net• Blood cells are stopped and scab
forms
Blood Types
E. Blood Type
• Determined by genes, and presence or absence of antigens
Type A
a. Has A antigen
Type B
b. Has B antigen
Type AB
c. Has both A and B antigens
Type O
d. Has neither A or B antigens
How do you find your blood type?
Importance
e. If blood transfusion is needed
Blood Type Can Donate To Can Receive From
Blood Type
• Identified not only by letter but also by being positive or negative
Rh factor
f. The presence or absence of an Rh antigen
• Rh+ = Have the Rh antigen• Rh- = Don’t have the Rh antigen
Where are you at?
F. Blood Pressure
• Measurement of force applied to the artery walls
Blood Pressure
a. Systolic pressure – maximum pressure in an artery-beating and pumping
b. Diastolic pressure – is the lowest pressure in an artery-resting
Blood Pressure
c. Normal – 120/80
Other Circulatory Disorders
Hypertension
a. High blood pressure, over works the heart and damages the arteries
Causes (Pick 4)• Smoking • Being overweight • Lack of physical activity • Too much salt in the diet • Too much alcohol consumption (no more
than 1 to 2 drinks per day) • Stress • Older age • Genetics • Family history of high blood pressure
Anemia
b. Fatigue from lack of oxygen
Anmeia
• Hemorrhagic – too few red blood cells
Anmeia
• Iron deficiency – too little iron on RBCs for oxygen to attach to
Anmeia
• Sickle cell – genetic, sickle shaped RBCs clot easily
c. Hemophilia
• Genetic, blood doesn’t clot
d. Leukemia
• Cancer of the blood, produces immature WBCs