benefits ri rb ircc
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2008 Copyright – Reflective Insulation Manufacturers Association International
The
Reflective Insulation Manufacturers Association International
Benefits of Reflective Insulation, Radiant Barriers and IRCCs
Presented on Behalf of RIMA International
Learning Objectives• Identify what reflective products are
available, how they work and are installed
• Review thermal performance in a building envelope
• Discuss Energy Code compliance, Energy Star compliance and Federal Energy Tax credits as they apply to reflective products
• Understand how radiant barriers affect the HERS index
• Examine green building attributes (LEED and NAHB Model Green Guidelines)
About RIMA-IThe Reflective Insulation Manufacturers Association International represents manufacturers and distributors of reflective insulation, radiant barriers and interior radiation control coating materials.
RIMA International’s activities are guided by an active board of industry members who participate on national and local levels of building code organizations and governmental agencies.
Visit us at www.rimainternationa.org
RIMA-I MembersPlatinum
Members• Astro-Foil/
Innovative Energy
• Covertech• KdB Isolation
SA• RoyOMartin• Reflectix Inc• TVM Building
Products
Advanced TechnologyAir-Cell Innovations Pty LtdAstro Reflective Insulation
ASCelplast Metallized
ProductsCleveland Laminating
CorpCompac CorporationDunmore CorporationDuPont TyvekESP/Low-EFi-Foil Company Foil Barrier InsulationHeartland Insulation
SupplyIdeal Tape Company IncInnovative Energy,
CaliforniaInnovative Insulation Inc.Insulation Solutions, Inc.Isolant S.A.LIT Works Co.
Louisiana Pacific Midwest Low-E MWI ComponentsPolyair Polyon Barkai Ind.ProdexPT Insfoil PradanasaktiRadiant Barrier
SpecialistsRadiant GuardResisto, a Div. of
SopremaSTS CoatingsSan Miguel Woven
ProductSigma Technologies Int’lSolecValeron Strength FilmsVenture Tape Corp
Overview Definitions & Standards
Types and Applications
Insulation & Building Science
Codes, National Accrediation, GreenQ&A
Types of Products Reflective Insulation
Radiant Barriers
Low-e Spray Coatings
Definitions• Reflective Insulation: one or more low
emittance materials (0.10 or less) installed adjacent to air spaces in an enclosed air space. The low emittance surfaces reduce radiation across the air space. The layer(s) reduces radiant heat and convective heat transfer
• Reference Documents for Reflective Insulation: ASTM C1224 - Standard Specification
ASTM C727 - Installation
Examples of Reflective Insulation Applications
R-Values apply
Floor or Crawl Space
Enclosed Cavity
Commercial Ceiling –Metal Furring & Drywall
(not pictured) Creates Enclosed Cavity
Masonry Walls
Metal Buildings
Definitions• Radiant Barriers: one or more low
emittance materials (0.10 or less) installed adjacent to large open air spaces. The primary function of the low emittance surface(s) is to reduce radiation across the air space.
• Reference Documents for Reflective Insulation: ASTM C1313 - Standard Specification
ASTM C1158 - Installation
Examples of Radiant Barrier Applications
Draped Method
Bottom of Roof Rafter - Method
Deck Applied Method
Low-Emittance Products
Definition of an IRCCAn Interior Radiation Control Coating is a non-thickness dependent, low emittance coating. When applied to non-porous building materials such as plywood, OSB, metal sidingor plasterboard, according to the manufacturer’s Installation instruction, it lowers the normal surface emittance of these materials to 0.24 or lower.
Physics of an IRCCAn IRCC works by changingthe emittance of the surface where it is applied. Building products, such as wood, brick, painted surfaces and plasterboard exhibit high emissivities (0.7 - 0.95). When heated above the temperature of adjacent surfaces, they radiate most of their heat energy to cooler surfaces. An IRCC works by lowering their surface emittance to 0.24 or lower, lessening their ability to radiate heat.
IRCCS spray-applied to steel sidewalls of large construction storage warehouse.
An IRCC System A building constructionconsisting of a low- emittance surface bounded by an open air space. An IRCC is used for the sole purpose of limiting heat transfer by radiation and is not specifically intended toreduce heat transfer by convection or conduction. (ASTM C 1321, section 3.2.3) Thus, an IRCCS is similar to a Radiant Barrier System (RBS) but is somewhat less efficient due to its higher emissivity and is comprised of a coating on a building surface, not a foil or film product.
IRCCS Spray-applied to underside of steel roof decking and trusses in an ice hockey arena.
Advantages of an IRCCAn IRCC is normally applied using airless spray equipment, resulting in very low labor costs and greatly reduced installation times. Also, a water based IRCC can be safely installed in existing structures where the costs of installing foil or film products may be prohibitive or impractical. An IRCC may also be used in many manufactured products (such as infrared heat reflectors of automotive parts) where it is impractical to adhere foil or film radiant barriers.
Building Science
Reflective Insulation
RI: An enclosed air space with a low- emittance surface. ●●●Radiation is suppressed
MI: An enclosed air space filled with solid fibers. ●●●Convection is suppressed
Radiation is Suppressed by a Low-emittance SurfaceKey Words: emittance, reflectanceOpaque materials – zero transmission
Reflectance: fraction n incident radiation that
is not absorbed.
Emittance: (actual rad.)/(blackbody rad.)
A blackbody absorbs all incident radiation. approximated by carbon black
Emissive Power (Radiation)
All surfaces above absolute temperature give off radiation.
Expressions for Heat Flux
(Btu/ft2∙hr)
0.1713x10-8∙( T + 460 )4 for blackbody
E∙( 0.1713x10-8∙( T + 460 )4 ) for real surface
F12∙E∙( 0.1713x10-8∙(( T1 + 460 )4- (( T2 + 460 )4
for net exchange
Radiation from a Surface Increases as the Temperature of the Surfaces Increases
Total Emissive Power of a Blackbody Surface
25
75
125
175
225
275
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175
Temperature (F)
Em
issiv
e P
ow
er
(Btu
/ft^
2.h
)
The Reduction in Emission due to Lowering the Emittance is Dramatic
Emissive Power
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
0 40 80 120 160
Temperature (F)
Po
we
r (B
tu/f
t^2
.h)
Black Body
Wood Sheathing
IRCC E = 0.22
Foil E = 0.03
Net Exchange Between Large Parallel Surfaces
Net Exchange between Large Parallel Surfaces
The Net Exchange for this arrangement
of surfaces is given by:
F12 = 1/( 1/e1 + 1/e2 – 1)
e1 e2 F12
1.00 1.00 1.00
0.87 0.87 0.77 0.87 0.22 0.21 ↓
73% 0.87 0.03 0.03 ↓ 96%
Diagram from ASTM C 1340 – Attic Radiation Terms Radiant Barrier Theory
Results in the AtticAttic Radiant Barrier
Summer
1. Reduces radiation heat transfer from the roof deck to the floor of the attic.
2. Reduces the surface temperature of the attic floor or the insulation on the attic floor.
3. Reduces the temperature difference from top of insulation to bottom of insulation.
4. Reduces the heat flow into the conditioned space.
Results in the AtticAttic Radiant Barrier
Winter
1. Reduces radiation heat transfer from the surface of the attic floor insulation to the roof deck.
2. Increases the surface temperature of the attic floor insulation.
3. Reduces the temperature difference from bottom of the insulation to top of the insulation.
4. Reduces the heat flow out of the conditioned space.
5. Solar gain will be reduced.
Attic with RB is Cooler than Attic no RB Houston – Summer 2007
Temp Diff
-10
0
10
20
30
40
0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96
Time (hrs)
Def
rees
F
Side View of WallExterior l → l Interior Enclosed Air
Space
100 F l → l 70 F Large Parallel Surfaces
l → l 3.5 Inches Across
l → l Heat Flux
TotalCond Conv Rad E warm E cold 35.84 1.54 8.66 25.640.87 0.87
11.17 1.54 8.63 1.00 0.87 0.03 10.68 1.54 8.63 0.54 0.03 0.03
Reduce Convection by Changing Gap SizeWall Cavity as BeforeDescription R (1-D) Conventional
Unitswood-wood 0.84wood-foil 2.69foil-foil 2.81wood-foil-wood6.73Wood-foil-foil-wood 12.41
Reflectives Can Be Combined with other Insulation Types to form Hybrid Systems
RIS + Mineral FiberWood Frame Cavity [wall, floor, or
ceiling](Nominal 2x6)
Mineral Wool Batt + RISCathedral Ceiling: R 13 @ 3.5 + R 5 to10. (Heat flow down at 45)
Cellular Plastic + RISWall: 6*T + RIS
Hybrid System Consisting of Polyurethane and a Reflective System in the Enclosed Air SpaceNominal 2x6 Frame Wall
Wall Cavity R vs. R* of Foam(Reflective Insulation System)
57.510
12.515
17.520
3 4 5 6 7
R-per-inch of Foam
Wal
l Cav
ity R
0.5 in.
1.0 in.
1.5 in.
2.0 in.
Summary Statements
RIS, RB, and IRCC utilize surfaces with low emittance and high reflectance to reduce heat flow.
Reflective air spaces are well understood with R-values that can be measured and calculated.
RB have demonstrated savings that result from reduced radiation transport and cooler attic air spaces.
Hybrid systems can be tailored to provide excellent systems with demonstrated thermal characteristic.
Green
LEED or NAHB Guidelines
• Reduce Energy Use – Primary Benefit
• Materials and Resources
• Regional Materials
Green Building; is the practice of increasing the efficiency with which buildings use resources – energy, water and materials – while reducing building impacts on human health and the environment, through better siting, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and removal – the complete building cycle.
Wikipedia
The greatest benefits of radiant barriers and reflective insulation used in Green Building are energy efficiency and comfort for a calculable return on investment through Energy Efficient Design and energy modeling.
Green Building
Green Building Project Certification
US Green Building Council’s (USGBC) LEED/Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design, includes LEED for New Construction, LEED for Core and Shell, LEED for Schools, etc.
ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes and Designed to Earn the ENERGY STAR for Commercial Buildings
NAHB Model Green Home Guidelines------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Radiant barriers and reflective insulation not only help projects
qualifyfor Certification, but they also help reduce operating costs
through…1) Energy savings2) Material and resource usage3) Increased productivity
Qualifying for LEED Certification
Energy and Atmosphere;Optimize Energy Performance…Reflective Insulation can be used as an option to (or) in conjunction with other
Insulationto add R-Value.
Radiant Barriers help reduce radiant heat transfer and improve the performance of roof
and ceiling insulation.
Materials and Resources;Building Reuse, Maintain 50% of Interior non-structural elements…Reflective Insulation and Radiant Barriers could be left in place as part of the
existingwall, roof, floor or ceiling system.
Materials Reuse…Reflective Insulation and Radiant Barriers could be removed during demolition andreused in new construction.
Indoor Environmental Quality;Thermal Comfort: Design…Reflective Insulation and Radiant Barriers can be used to improve building
envelope’sperformance and increase thermal comfort since they reduce radiant heat transfer.
Qualifying for ENERGY STAR and NAHB
Reflective insulation and radiant barriers help youqualify for the HERS Index Requirements(Energy Star Qualified Homes)
Radiant barriers help you qualify for “Renewableenergy/solar heating and cooling – Using passiveCooling” (NAHB Model Green Home Building
Guidelines)
Energy Star Compliance
• R-values or• Credits in Software Programs
Impact Ceiling Heat Flow & HVAC Ducts and Systems located in unconditioned areas
2. Energy Star Compliance
In order to be considered an Energy Star Compliant Home there must be a home energy rating which involves an analysis of the home’s construction plans and onsite inspection resulting in a HERS Index score.
HERS Index of 85 in climate zones 1-5
HERS Index of 80 in climate zones 6-8Reference IECC 2006 for Climate Zones
Effect of Radiant Barrier on Code Compliance
Example
Using Energy Gauge USA Software
Understanding the HERS Rating
What is the HERS Index?The HERS Index is a scoring system established by the Residential Energy Services Network (RESNET) in which a home built to the specifications of the HERS Reference Home (based on the 2006 International Energy Conservation Code) scores a HERS Index of 100, while a net zero energy home scores a HERS Index of 0. The lower a home’s HERS Index, the more energy efficient it is in comparison to the HERS Reference Home.
Understanding the HERS Rating
A home energy rating involves an analysis of a home’s construction plans and onsite inspections. Based on the home’s plans, the Home Energy Rater uses an energy efficiency software package to perform an energy analysis of the home’s design. This analysis yields a projected, pre-construction HERS Index. Upon completion of the plan review, the rater will work with the bulder to identify the energy efficiency improvements needed to ensure the house will meet ENERGY STAR performance guidelines. The rater then conducts onsite inspection, typically including a blower door test (to test the leakiness of the house) and a duct test (to test the leakiness of the ducts).
Effect of Radiant Barrier on HERS Index Score
Radiant Barrier adds 3 HERS Points to Energy
Star Compliance
ModelAttic Floor
Walls A/C RB HERS
Charlotte R-30 R-13 Seer 14 None 85
R-30 R-13 Seer 14 Yes 82
Miami R-30 R-13 Seer 14 None 89
R-30 R-13 Seer 14 Yes 86
Las Vegas
R-30 R-13 Seer 14 None 82
R-30 R-13 Seer 14 Yes 79
Federal Tax Credits Commercial Buildings: Taxpayers can enjoy a
deduction of up to $1.80 per square foot for buildings that achieve a 50% reduction in annual energy costs related to heating, cooling, water heating and interior lighting - costs that are defined by the ASHRAE standard.
New Homes: A credit of up to $2,000 is available to home builders who build homes projected - and demonstrated - to save at least 50% of the heating and cooling energy of a comparable home that meets the standards of the 2004 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) Supplement.
Existing Homes: Current homeowners are eligible for different tax credits based on a variety of energy-efficiency measures - such as improving insulation - with a $500 cap.
Questions?
Reflective Insulation Manufacturers Association
International (RIMA International)
800/279-4123 www.rimainternational.org