186

347.68

. , , , . . - , . pro et contra . . - 1955. , - . - . inter vivos. , , , - . , , . , - .

: . . -.

* - - (, , ).

(. 186211)

187

1.

. - . 2 ,1 - (), . 179 - . .2 2007. , : , . , - .3

, . - ,4 5 6 .7 , , .8 - ,

1 , . , . 46/95. 2 ,

, 2007, 147.

3 Ibid. 4 . : R. Frank, Erbrecht, Mnchen 2003, 180 . 5 . W. Zankl, Erbrecht, Wien 2008, 65 .

. , . . , . G. Graf, Erbrecht, Wien 2009, 58.

6 . : M. Ferid, Das Franzsische Zivilrecht, Frankfurt am Main Berlin, 1971, Band II, 1436 .

7 , , . . . H. Koziol, R. Welser, Grundriss des brgerlichen Rechts, Wien 2007, Bd. II, 522.

8 a , . C. T. Ebenroth, Erbrecht, Mnchen 1992, 183 .

, LVII, 2/2009

188

, , - .

pro et contra . , , , . , - , - .

2.

2.1.

(. Erbvertrag) .9 , : - , .10

, (. Verfgung von Todes wegen) -, - .11 : () - ( ).12 . ,13 -, -. ,14

9 . H. Brox, Erbrecht, Kln Berlin 2003, 91. 10 D. lzen, Erbrecht, Berlin New York 2001, 162. 11 . U. v. Lbtow, Erbrecht. Eine systematische Darstellung, I,

Berlin 1971, 97. 12 . H. Lange, K. Kuchinke, Erbrecht ein Lehrbuch, Mnchen 2001, 327. 13 D. Leipold, Erbrecht, Tbingen 2002, 178. 14 Ibid.

(. 186211)

189

. . (. gegenseitigen Erbvertrag), a , .15

, - (. dingliche Vertrge) (. schuldrechtliche Vertrge), sui generis.16 - .17 , ( ).18 x lege .19 , - , . .20

, . mortis causa . . -, . (. Anwartschaftsrecht), .21

15 C. T. Ebenroth, 164. 16 W. Schlter, Erbrecht, Mnchen 2000, 109. 17 , ,

. . H. Brox, Allgemeiner Teil des BGB, Kln Berlin 2001, 60; B. Rthers, Allgemeiner Teil des BGB, Mnchen 1991, 180.

18 , - , . . . 2302. (BGB). . . . 181 .

19 W. Schlter, 109. 20 H. Lange, K. Kuchinke, 478. 21 H. Brox (2003), 91.

, (, . Nacherbe) , ( pendente conditione). H. Brox (2003), 208 .

, LVII, 2/2009

190

. - , .22 , , . - c , .23

. , a. - . , , , .24

2.2. Mo

-. .25 , .

, .26 , - - . ( ) . - , -

. . . , (, , ), : . , . , . (.), , II, 1978, 1078.

22 . C. T. Ebenroth, 9. , .

23 T. Kipp, H. Coing, Erbrecht. Ein Lehrbuch, Tbingen 1990, 482. 24 . H. Brox (2003), 91. 25 :

(. einseitige und mehrseitige Erbvertge). ( ) ( ). , , , , , , .

26 L. Michalski, BGB Erbrecht, Heidelberg 2001, 114.

(. 186211)

191

, a , .27 - .28 , . , - , , . - , - .29

- . -, -, .30 - (. Verpfrndungsvertrag) , .31 - , .32 - . , , - ( , - ) . ? , -

27 Ibid, 114115. 28

(. korrespektive Erbvertge). . H. Lange, K. Kuchinke, 338.

29 . 2298 BGB. 30 D. Olzen, 164165. 31 . W. Edenhofer, : O. Palandt (Hrsg.), Brgerliches Gesetzbuch (Kommen-

tar), Mnchen 1995, 2095. 32 H. Brox (2003), 97.

, LVII, 2/2009

192

.33 , 2281 2078 BGB ( ).34

2.3.

, , - .35 . - . 36

.37 -.38 -. , - .39 , . 40 - , .41 ,

33 T. Strzebecher, Zur Anwendbarkeit der 320 ff. BGB auf den entgeltlichen Erbvertrag, Neue juristische Wochenschrift (NJW) 43/1988, 2717 ; M. Vollmar, Der Entgeltliche Erbvertrag. Behandlung von Leistungsstrungen, Zeitschrift fr Steuer und Erbrecht (ZErb) 9/2003, 274 .

34 R. Strner, : O. Jauernig (Hrsg.), Brgerliches Gesetzbuch. Kommentar, Mnchen 2003, 1835; J. Kropholler, BGB Studienkommentar, Mnchen 2003, 1059.

35 F. Hense, : W. Erman (Hrsg..), Handkommentar zum Brgelichen Gesetzbuch, Mnster 1967, Bd. II, 1555.

36 W. Edenfofer, : O. Palandt (Hrsg.), 2079. 37 . 2275, . 1 BGB. 38 -

, , . 140 BGB: , . : W. Schlter, 110.

39 W. Schlter, 110. 40 . H. Lange, K. Kuchinke, 472. 41 ,

, - . -

(. 186211)

193

- . , .42

.43 BGB-a . , - .44 , - . (. Zustimmung), (; . Einwilligung) (; . Genehmigung). .45 - , - , (. Vormundschaftsgericht). ,

, . - , , . , - , , . , , , . - . . D. Giesen, BGB Allgemeiner Teil: Rechtsgeschftsleh-re, Berlin New York 1995, 240; H. Hbner, Allgemeiner Teil des Brgerlichen Gesetz-buches, Berlin New York 1996, 316317. , , 19/05, . 64 : . , . 64 . , . , , . : T. Kipp, H. Coing, 486.

42 . . ipp, H. Coing, 121. 43 . 2275, . 2 3 BGB. 44 . Protokole der Komission fr die II. Lesung des Entwurfs des BGB, .

C. T. Ebenroth, 162. 45 182, . 2 BGB. D. Olzen, 166; W. Schlter, 110.

. Edenhofer, : O. Palandt (Hrsg.), 2080.

, LVII, 2/2009

194

, - , .46

. () , - .47 , .48 , 2231, . 1. 2232, 2233 BGB. . . - - .49 BGB o : 1) - - , ;50 2) , - , , , .51 . - ( , ).52

- .

46 O (BGH), IV ZR 20/76, 7. XII 1977, NJW, 23/1978, 1159.

47 . 2276, . 1 BGB. 48 : R. Strner, : O. Jauernig (Hrsg.), 1832. 49 2232 BGB, 2276, . 1 BGB. 50 2233, . 1 BGB, 2276, . 1

BGB. 51 2233, . 2 BGB, 2276, . 1

BGB. 52 R. Kanzleiter, Bedrfen Rechtsgeschfte im Zusammenhang

mit Ehe und Erbvertrgen der notariellen Beurkundung?, NJW 4/1997, 217 .

(. 186211)

195

. , - ( ) , - .53 , - ( ).54 , . , , - .55 ,56 , .57 - , - . .58 , - , , , .59 , - .60

2.4.

: , , , . , , (. vertragmigen Verfgungen) (. einseitigen Verfgungen).61

53 . 127 . BGB. 54 H. Brox (2003), 92. 55 . 2276, . 2 BGB. 56 . 1410 BGB. 57 R. Strner, : O. Jauernig (Hrsg.), 1832. 58 139 BGB,

. . R. Strner, : O. Jauernig (Hrsg.), 1832. 59 . W. Edenhofer, : O. Palandt (Hrsg.), 2081. 60 . R. Strner, : O. Jauernig (Hrsg.), 1832. 61 . : D. Leipold, 181 .

, LVII, 2/2009

196

- , . - , .62 : , a . ( , , .), , .63 . . , pacta sunt servanda. , , , . - .

, per se . , . - , .64 ,65 , - .66 , - , , ,67 , .68 -

62 Ibid. 63 . 2278 BGB. 64 . H. Brox (2003), 94 . 65 H. Coing, Wie ist die bindende Wirkung von Erbvertrgen zu

ermitteln?, NJW, 19/1958, 689 . 66 O , LG Hamm, 5 W 180/73, o 27. II

1974, NJW, 39/1974, 1774. 67 . M. Harder, I. Kroppenberg, Grundzge des Erbrechts, Neuwied Kriftel

2002, 57. 68 . H. Brox (2003), 94.

(. 186211)

197

.69

2.5.

, , , - . - , , . , - . , , , .70 -, . - mortis causa inter vivos.

.71 - 72 , .73 , - , .

69 BGH, III ZR 59/76, 09. II 1978, NJW, 19/1978, 943944. 70 . 2279, . 1 BGB,

, .

71 . 2289 BGB. 72

. , - . , , . . W. Edenhofer, : O. Palandt (Hrsg.), 2091.

73 - . : -, , - ? a , . D. lzen, 175.

, LVII, 2/2009

198

, . , ,74 , - , -, , .75

- . .76 2289. BGB. - . , , in concreto .77 , - 1/2 , .

- . : - inter vivos ? - inter vivos. inter vivos -. , -, .78 inter vivos.79 Me, BGB , . -

74 . W. Edenhofer, : O. Palandt (Hrsg.), 2092. 75 BGH, V ZR 92/60, 14. II 1962, NJW, 20/1962, 912. 76 : H. Brox (2003), 98. 77 Ibid. 78 D. Leipold, 186 ; D. Olzen, 177 . 79 . 2286 BGB,

inter vivos.

(. 186211)

199

. .80 - (. Benachtteiligungsabsicht) , , .81 , , , .82 , , - , , -, .83

3. ?

. ( , ),84 - .85 ( : ) 394 : , , , , , -. 780783 . - - , .86 , -, -

80 . 2287 BGB. 81 . R. Strner, : O. Jauernig (Hrsg.), 1838. 82 . 2288, . 1 BGB. 83 . 2288, . 2 BGB. 84 , . .

, . , , 1996, 30. 85 . 602 . 86 . , , 1930, 306,

. . , . , , 1940, 93, -.

, LVII, 2/2009

200

.87 1934. , .88

1955. , .89 . 6 , . 108 : . - .90 .91

, - : . - , .92 . , .93 .94 , , .95

87 . . , . , , 1925, . II, 260 .

88 . , , 1934, 119, 573 574.

89 , , . 20/1955.

90 . . 103 , , . 52/74; . 103 , . , . 4/76, . 106 , , . 7/80.

91 . . 121 , , . 74/08; . 102 2003, Narodne novine, . 48/03.

92 . , , 2008, 39. 93

. O , . : . Ehrenzweig, W. Kralik, System des s-terreichischen allgemeinen Privatsrechts, 4. Buch Das Erbrecht, Wien 1983, 3 .

94 . . , - , 34/1982, 358.

95 . G. Boehmer, Anregungen zur nderung der gesetzlichen Erbfolgeord-nung, : K. Kreuzer (Hrsg.), Zur Entwicklung und Reform des deutschen Familien und Erbrechts, Tbingen 1970, 259.

(. 186211)

201

- . , . , .

- . - , -,96 . : . [...] . - . , . . , . - , , - .97 . -. -, . . , : - . , , . , , - . , .98 , - : , -.

96 -, . . , , 1955, 85 .

97 . , , 3/1947, 335.

98 . , 94.

, LVII, 2/2009

202

4. ()?

. - - . .

, -. , , .99 , , . , , - . - , - . .100 , - .101 . - - . .

. . , , .102

99 . . 25 . 100 . . 23 25 . 101 . . , -

, , 2001, 303 . 2003. , . T. Josipovi, Nasljeivanje na temelju zakona, : M. Dika (red.), Novo nasljednopravno ureenje, Za-greb 2003, 48.

102 H. Rohlfing, Erbrecht in der anwaltlichen Praxis, Deutscher Anwaltverlag, Bonn 1999, 187.

(. 186211)

203

- , . , , - , .

, .103 , , . : .104

, , -, .105 , .106 ( ) ( ) , .107 .108 , - . , -

103 R. Frank, 175. 104 H. Lange, K. Kuchinke, 339. 105 . . , 95. : . ,

?, 10/2003, 175 . 106 . ,

, 1968, 163 . 107 . . 194, . 1 . 108 . , 335; ,

62/1967, . , . , , - , 1969, 341342; O , 975/98, 30. IV 1999, o . , . , , 2009, 280281.

, LVII, 2/2009

204

, .109

- , - - -.110 , , , . , - - .111 , - inter vivos.

. , . , , , - .112 , - .113 , , , . , - .

109 , , , - , - . , , , .

110 . . 199 . 111 . ,

, 10/1966, 2021; (), 2139/94, 29. VI 2005, (), 10/07, 2627; , 1359/05, 10. III 2006, , 11/06, 37; , . 2285/07, 13. XI 2007, , 5/08, 25.

112 , . 719/83, . , , 1997, 204.

113 , 407/01, 4. VII 2001, . , . (2009), 255256.

(. 186211)

205

, - .

- .114 , - , , .115 , , - .116 . -, , .

. .117 - .118 ,

114 . . 194, . 2 . 115 , 4522/97, o 15. X 1997, . , .

(2009), 253254. 116 , 1814/98, o 24. IX 1998, . , .

(2009), 256258. 117 . , , 1998, 160 ( . ), -

() . , -. . . . T. Kipp, H. Co-ing, 7; M. Harder, I. Kroppenberg, 6. - . . U. v. Lbtow, I, 19). , , - .

118 . 195. .

, LVII, 2/2009

206

.119 , .120

5. ?

121 .122 . - . . - , - : .123 , - , - . , - -. , , , . , . BGB - ( ,

119 . . , , 1972, 76 ; . , , 89/1957, 20 .

120 . D. Leipold, 306. 121 . (1947), 335. 122 . . , 94, -

. , : . . M. Ferid, II, 1436. Me, . , ( ) . , .

123 . D. Leipold, 19 .

(. 186211)

207

).124 , , - .125 , ( , ).

, -. - . , . - . , , , ,126 - .127

, , - .128 . , , - . , , . . 203 ,

124 . 2293 2294 BGB. F. Hense, : W. Erman (Hrsg.), Bd II, 15721573.

125 H. Lange, K. Kuchinke, 1. 126 ,

( , ), o ( , , a animus revocandi-a). D. Olzen, 217218.

127 . , , 34/2004, 448 .

128 . . , 177.

, LVII, 2/2009

208

. , -. , - -, .129

- inter vivos. , - . - , , .130 - . , - .

. , , , , . , , - mortis causa, - 131 , - , inter vivos.132 - , - .

, . , ( , , ,

129 . . 121 , , . 25/82.

130 . H. Bartsch, Handbuch Erbrecht, Regensburg Berlin, 2001, 95. 131 . . 174 . 132 . F. Gschnitzer, Erbrecht, Wien 1964, 38.

(. 186211)

209

). , , , - inter vivos, mortis causa. - inter vivos.133 - - , .

6.

- - . , , . . , - .

, . . . - . , . - , . , , .

, .

133 . 174 , . 195, . 3 .

, LVII, 2/2009

210

inter vivos. , , - . -, - . , , .

Dejan urevi, PhD

Assistant ProfessorUniversity of Belgrade Faculty of Law

INTRODUCING INHERITANCE CONTRACTS INTO SERBIAN LAW

Summary

Inheritance contracts are prohibited under Serbian law, due to their alleged uselessness, rigidity, devious nature and propensity to make the probate proceedings overly complicated. However, it has been recently proposed by the Serbian Civil Code Drafting Commission to reconsider such prohibition. The main objective of this article is to examine the ar-guments for and against introduction of the inheritance contracts into Ser-bian law.

The author starts off with the comparative analysis of German rules on inheritance contracts (Erbvertrag), seeing that German law sets out the most delicate provisions on this type of agreement as to future suc-cession. The author examines situations in which it is justified to hold the testator obliged by his contractual dispositions in prospect of death (mortis causa), and disagrees with the claim that inheritance contracts are useless. Utility of the inheritance contracts was tacitly recognized by the legislator as early as 1955, with the legislative attempt to make up for the ban on inheritance contracts by fostering the rules on contracts for life-long maintenance.

(. 186211)

211

The author shows advantages of the inheritance contract over the contract for lifelong maintenance, and asserts that the inheritance contract would not set hurdles for probate proceedings more than other institutions known to Serbian law. The main shortcoming of the inheritance contract is that it does not prevent the testator from further contractual disposi-tions between the living (inter vivos). The testator may circumvent the provisions of inheritance contract by subsequent gifts to third parties. Yet, the inheritance contract does not suffer from such shortcoming in cases when it is concluded between the spouses, or between family members, in relation to their community property, i.e. the property which is owned jointly, in equal undivided shares. This is exactly what the author recom-mends: to allow the spouses and family members to conclude inheritance contracts in respect of the items of their community property.

Key words: Inheritance contracts. Agreements as to future succes-sion. Contractual inheritors.

/ColorImageDict > /JPEG2000ColorACSImageDict > /JPEG2000ColorImageDict > /AntiAliasGrayImages false /CropGrayImages true /GrayImageMinResolution 300 /GrayImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK /DownsampleGrayImages false /GrayImageDownsampleType /Bicubic /GrayImageResolution 300 /GrayImageDepth -1 /GrayImageMinDownsampleDepth 2 /GrayImageDownsampleThreshold 1.50000 /EncodeGrayImages true /GrayImageFilter /DCTEncode /AutoFilterGrayImages true /GrayImageAutoFilterStrategy /JPEG /GrayACSImageDict > /GrayImageDict > /JPEG2000GrayACSImageDict > /JPEG2000GrayImageDict > /AntiAliasMonoImages false /CropMonoImages true /MonoImageMinResolution 1200 /MonoImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK /DownsampleMonoImages false /MonoImageDownsampleType /Bicubic /MonoImageResolution 1200 /MonoImageDepth -1 /MonoImageDownsampleThreshold 1.50000 /EncodeMonoImages true /MonoImageFilter /CCITTFaxEncode /MonoImageDict > /AllowPSXObjects false /CheckCompliance [ /None ] /PDFX1aCheck false /PDFX3Check false /PDFXCompliantPDFOnly false /PDFXNoTrimBoxError true /PDFXTrimBoxToMediaBoxOffset [ 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 ] /PDFXSetBleedBoxToMediaBox true /PDFXBleedBoxToTrimBoxOffset [ 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 ] /PDFXOutputIntentProfile (None) /PDFXOutputConditionIdentifier () /PDFXOutputCondition () /PDFXRegistryName () /PDFXTrapped /False

/CreateJDFFile false /Description > /Namespace [ (Adobe) (Common) (1.0) ] /OtherNamespaces [ > /FormElements false /GenerateStructure false /IncludeBookmarks false /IncludeHyperlinks false /IncludeInteractive false /IncludeLayers false /IncludeProfiles false /MultimediaHandling /UseObjectSettings /Namespace [ (Adobe) (CreativeSuite) (2.0) ] /PDFXOutputIntentProfileSelector /DocumentCMYK /PreserveEditing true /UntaggedCMYKHandling /LeaveUntagged /UntaggedRGBHandling /UseDocumentProfile /UseDocumentBleed false >> ]>> setdistillerparams> setpagedevice