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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................. 1 Table I: Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Cluster.................. 2 Table II: Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Appealing
Organisation............................................................................................................................ 3 2. HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES BY CLUSTER .................................................................. 4
2.1 Shelter ................................................................................................................................ 4
2.2 Logistics............................................................................................................................. 4
2.3 Food and Nutrition............................................................................................................. 5
2.4 Health ................................................................................................................................. 5
2.5 Water and Sanitation ......................................................................................................... 5
2.6 Education ........................................................................................................................... 6
2.7 Protection........................................................................................................................... 6
2.8 Camp Management............................................................................................................ 6
2.9 Early Recovery and Reconstruction ................................................................................ 6
2.10 Information and Telecommunications ............................................................................. 7 3. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES .............................................................................................. 8 4. RESPONSE PLANS .................................................................................................................... 9
4.1 Shelter Cluster ................................................................................................................... 9 4.1.1 Objectives........................................................................................................................ 9
4.2 Logistics Cluster.............................................................................................................. 10 4.2.1 Objectives...................................................................................................................... 10
4.3 Food and Nutrition Cluster ............................................................................................. 11 4.3.1 Objective: ...................................................................................................................... 11
4.4 Health Cluster .................................................................................................................. 12 4.4.1 Objectives: ................................................................................................................ 12
4.5 Water and Sanitation Cluster.......................................................................................... 15 4.5.1 Objectives:..................................................................................................................... 15
4.6 Education Cluster ............................................................................................................ 16 4.6.1 Objectives:..................................................................................................................... 16
4.7 Protection Cluster............................................................................................................ 18 4.7.1 Objectives:..................................................................................................................... 18
4.8 Camp Management Cluster............................................................................................. 20 4.8.1 Objective ....................................................................................................................... 20
4.9 Early Recovery and Reconstruction Cluster ................................................................. 20 4.9.1 Objectives:..................................................................................................................... 20
4.10 Information and Telecommunications Cluster .............................................................. 22 4.10.1 Objectives: ................................................................................................................ 22
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4.11 Safety and Security ......................................................................................................... 23 4.11.1 Objectives: ................................................................................................................ 23
4.12 Coordination .................................................................................................................... 23 4.12.1 Objectives ................................................................................................................. 23
ANNEX I. TABLE III: REQUIREMENTS, COMMITMENTS/CONTRIBUTIONS AND PLEDGES PER SECTOR25 ANNEX II. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS................................................................................................ 26
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A 7.6 magnitude earthquake struck south Asia on the morning of Saturday 8 October 2005, totally devastating parts of northern Pakistan, India and Afghanistan. The epicentre of the earthquake was located 95 kilometres northeast of the Pakistan capital Islamabad. At the time of this update, the death toll in Pakistan alone stands at over 50,000 with 74,000 injured. Both these numbers are likely to increase. Since this appeal was issued on Tuesday 11 October field assessments have been analysed, operations commenced, and the scope and size of this disaster has became clearer: It has quickly become evident that this disaster is much larger than first assumed, hence the requirement to update this Flash Appeal. Following the earthquake, the Pakistani Government immediately mobilized its available resources, mounting massive search, rescue and life-saving operations involving the Pakistani armed forces and thousands of volunteers who rescued many, many people. This was coupled with, and supported by, the relief efforts of the international community, which has concentrated initially on increasing the provision of aid, getting access to more people, as well as facilitating medical evacuation and the provision of camps for people who voluntarily move. Over 100 international organizations, including the United Nations, International Organisations, international Search and Rescue Teams, NGOs, EU, NATO and bilateral partners, immediately poured into the country and hundreds of thousands of metric tonnes of relief items have been donated. Helicopters, airlifts of tents, blankets, foodstuffs and medical teams have been arriving around the clock. Local, regional and global stocks of winterised tents were virtually exhausted within days. Yet, as each day reveals more acute needs, it is clear that the response provided so far is inadequate. Some seventeen days after the earthquake, the unfolding picture reveals levels of human and economic devastation unprecedented in the history of the subcontinent. The entire area of Pakistan-administered Kashmir and North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) is affected: hundreds of towns of villages have been completely wiped out, particularly around Muzaffarabad, Mansehra, Balakot and Batagram. The affected region, home to a population of 4-5 million, is situated on the foot of the Himalayas, with thousands of villages, individual hamlets and isolated settlements scattered over an area of 28,000 square kilometres. The earthquake destroyed most hospitals, schools, and government buildings and communications and killed many of the government officials needed for the immediate response. Access to the people in need is a major concern. The majority of roads and bridges were destroyed, not just blocked, and the subsequent 900 aftershocks have caused numerous landslides. These have blocked remaining roads, cutting all access to some areas. As a result, thousands of people have been cut off in several mountain valleys and have still not been reached. Tens of thousands of injured have not been treated as yet, and their injuries, although treatable, are likely to prove fatal if people are not reached within days. Only a few weeks remain before winter arrives. Thousands of injured, dehydrated and undernourished survivors, sheltering in the fields in makeshift shelters or in the open air in temperatures below zero, are likely to die unless they can be reached before the harsh winter starts. Pakistan and the global community are facing a challenge of colossal proportions. The combination of rapidly deteriorating weather conditions, the extraordinary logistical challenges in reaching hundreds of thousands of people scattered in mountainous areas, and the lack of winterised shelter, all indicate that the worst case scenario: many more thousands dead might become a realty. The current death toll of about 50,000 could double if aid immediately is not mobilized and delivered to the thousands scattered in the mountainous areas. By 25 October, US$ 68 million had been committed to the UN and its partners and a further US$ 35 million had been pledged. The latest estimates indicate that over 2 million people require life-saving assistance of winterised shelter, medical care, food, water and sanitation facilities, with only a small proportion so far adequately covered. Logistics resources are paramount to ensure delivery of those relief items. Camp establishment and management will also be critical to house the millions of homeless. All these must be treated as equal priorities. It will also be imperative to identify and address the needs of vulnerable and disadvantaged groups.
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In close coordination with the Government of Pakistan, and based on reports and assessments from the cluster groups and other partners, the Flash Appeal now requires US$ 549,585,941, for six months. 67% of the increase in requirements originally cited in the Flash Appeal issued on 11 October 2005 is due to the extraordinary logistical challenges imposed by the terrain. The provision of air support is required now to move aid to people in need before winter. In-kind logistical contributions (air support, trucks, etc) put at the disposal of the UN operation will be counted against the appeal, reducing the unmet cash requirements accordingly.
Table I: Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Cluster
(Note: summary of requirements and funding to date per standard Appeal sector appear in Annex I.)
Cluster
Coordination 4,100,000 11,900,000 2,750,087 23.1% 9,149,913 657,895
Education 14,800,000 * 29,200,000 600,961 2.1% 28,599,039 0
Early Reconstruction and Recovery 27,000,000 39,000,000 0 0.0% 39,000,000 0
Food and Nutrition 76,700,000 85,270,000 2,500,000 2.9% 82,770,000 4,946,357
Health 28,220,000 55,380,000 1,628,575 2.9% 53,751,425 563,910
Information and Telecommunications 3,050,000 3,195,941 0 0.0% 3,195,941 0
Logistics 35,830,000 137,460,000 9,793,854 7.1% 127,666,146 500,000
Camp Management 22,000,000 30,000,000 1,323,415 4.4% 28,676,585 2,570,694
Protection 10,000,000 20,400,000 0 0.0% 20,400,000 0
Safety and Security 1,176,000 1,180,000 0 0.0% 1,180,000 0
Shelter 60,750,000 95,000,000 1,500,000 1.6% 93,500,000 519,031
Water and Sanitation 28,250,000 41,600,000 2,000,000 4.8% 39,600,000 0
Unearmarked funding (awaiting allocation by agencies to specific projects) 0 0 45,781,383 -- -45,781,383 18,189,009
Grand Total 311,876,000 549,585,941 67,878,275 12.4% 481,707,666 27,946,896
* Originally combined with protection
Table I: South Asia Earthquake Flash Appeal 2005
http://www.reliefweb.int/ftsas of 25 October 2005
Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Cluster
Original Requirements
US$
Revised Requirements
US$
UncommittedPledges
US$
Commitments/Contributions
US$
% Covered
UnmetRequirements
US$
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Table II: Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Appealing Organisation
Table II: South Asia Earthquake Flash Appeal 2005Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Appealing Organisation
as of 25 October 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts
Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations Commitments,Contributions, Uncommitted
Pledges APPEALING ORGANISATION % Covered
Unmet Requirements Revised
Requirements Original Requirements
Values in US$ DA B C C/B B-C - 850,000 AAI 0% - - 850,000
- 1,000,000 ACF/USA 0% - - 1,000,000
- 110,000 AKF 0% - - 110,000
- 800,000 CRS 0% - - 800,000
14,200,000 25,000,000 FAO 0% - - 25,000,000
- 1,000,000 Greenstar Marketing 0% - - 1,000,000
3,000,000 5,000,000 ILO 0% - - 5,000,000
20,000,000 60,500,000 IOM 13% 2,403,846 7,670,209 52,829,791
- 1,500,000 IRC 0% - - 1,500,000
- 850,000 ISCOS 0% - - 850,000
- 1,000,000 ISDR 0% - - 1,000,000
- 500,000 MCI 0% - - 500,000
500,000 -MDM 0% - - -
- 850,000 MERLIN 0% - - 850,000
2,750,000 4,900,000 OCHA 56% 657,895 2,750,087 2,149,913
- 200,000 OHCHR 0% - - 200,000
720,000 8,030,000SC Alliance 0% 563,910 - 8,030,000
- -UN Agencies and NGOs (details not yet provided) 0% 5,719,155 - -
500,000 500,000 UNAIDS 0% - - 500,000
71,000,000 90,750,000 UNDP 4% 3,523,839 3,856,041 86,893,959
1,176,000 1,180,000 UNDSS (previously UNSECOORD) 0% - - 1,180,000
500,000 500,000 UNEP 0% - - 500,000
800,000 1,300,000 UNESCO 0% - - 1,300,000
3,200,000 9,300,000 UNFPA 6% -600,962 8,699,038
5,000,000 650,000 UN-HABITAT 0% - - 650,000
22,000,000 30,000,000 UNHCR 4% 2,570,694 1,323,415 28,676,585
59,350,000 92,564,274 UNICEF 27% 1,034,181 24,904,886 67,659,388
88,630,000 181,901,667 WFP 9% 9,165,417 17,105,746 164,795,921
17,200,000 27,750,000 WHO 33% 2,307,959 9,243,200 18,506,800
1,350,000 1,100,000 WV 39% -423,729 676,271
311,876,000 549,585,941 481,707,666 GRAND TOTAL 12%67,878,275 27,946,896
the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed.
a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed).
Contribution: Commitment:
Pledge:
The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 25 October 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).
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2. HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES BY CLUSTER
Summary As each day goes by the situation becomes clearer: This earthquake has had a catastrophic impact on the region, with humanitarian consequences being far larger than imagined. At first the humanitarian community estimated an ‘affected population’ of four million of which one million were ‘severely affected’ and hence in need of urgent assistance. As assessment material has been gathered, the numbers of severely affected are now estimated to range from 1.6 million to nearly 2 million, depending on the needs for each cluster. In addition, the Government and humanitarian community have cooperated and worked much closer together, sharing information, to reach these mutually-agreed casualty figures - which are much higher than in the original Flash Appeal: hence it has become necessary to update the figures for both populations and needs used in the Flash Appeal, based on greater knowledge, more cooperation between actors, and a better understanding of the particular difficulties of the operation. Financial requirements have almost doubled, with the most substantial increases being for logistics, shelter and health. The requirements for the food and nutrition cluster are similarly likely to increase when the results of the current Joint WFP/UNICEF Rapid Emergency Food Security and Nutrition Assessment are available.
Cluster Original Requirements Revised Requirements US$ US$
Shelter 60,750,000 95,000,000 Logistics 35,830,000 137,460,000 Food and Nutrition 62,500,000 85,270,000 Health 28,220,000 55,380,000 Water and Sanitation 28,250,000 41,600,000 Education Originally combined with Protection 29,200,000 Protection 10,000,000 20,400,000 Camp Management 22,000,000 30,000,000 Early Reconstruction and Recovery 56,000,000 39,000,000 Information and Telecommunications 3,050,000 3,195,941 Safety and Security 1,176,000 1,180,000 Coordination 4,100,000 11,900,000 TOTAL: 311,876,000 549,585,941
(Note: summary of requirements and funding to date per standard Appeal sector appear in Annex I.) The increased awareness of the humanitarian consequences of this devastating natural disaster, the numbers of people struck and their particular needs have been reflected in the updated response plans prepared by the cluster groups. The overarching priorities continue to be: reaching the people in need; providing assistance to ensure survival; protecting and assisting the most vulnerable; and supporting early recovery and reconstruction. This is reflected in the brief summaries below. 2.1 SHELTER Winterized Shelter must be urgently provided for up to three million homeless people. Winterized tents continue to be required, and all viable alternatives are being explored to provide sustainable solutions to the shelter crisis. This emergency requires the exploration of multiple and creative options to respond to the shelter needs in an extremely difficult environment. In addition to the 122,000 tents already provided and the 194,000 currently in the pipeline, assessments indicate requirements of up to 210,000 more tents/shelters. In brief, even considering what has already been delivered or is in the pipeline, up to 1.5 million people face winter without emergency shelter of any kind. 2.2 LOGISTICS Achieving access to the affected populations remains a major concern, and approaching winter makes this especially urgent. The logistics cluster seeks to ensure that an integrated supply chain service is available to all humanitarian actors. The World Food Programme (WFP), as the lead logistics agency, will provide basic camp support for humanitarian personnel in the Forward Operating Bases, erect
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temporary warehouses and provide transport capacity for the storage and transit of relief aid. WFP is establishing the United Nations Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS) to provide essential air cargo and passenger services utilizing MI-8 and MI-26 helicopters for six months. The cluster members will provide dedicated trucks and facilitate commercial transport contracting for the delivery of relief cargo. Through the Joint Logistics Centre (UNJLC), the cluster aims to establish and maintain a cargo priority and tracking system; solicit, coordinate, and prioritize requirements for air transportation; establish and maintain logistics coordination capabilities at six Forward Operating Bases; in conjunction with Humanitarian Information Centre (HIC) to establish and maintain logistics All Source Information System; establish liaison with governmental and military partners; undertake infrastructure assessments, collate and disseminate essential logistics information; and to facilitate the establishment of surface and air corridors and de-conflict with military/civilian entities. The significantly increased amount requested to cover logistic needs in the response plans reflects the challenges faced in accessing populations as quickly and effectively as possible. 2.3 FOOD AND NUTRITION The earthquake either destroyed household food and seed stocks or impeded access. It is known that at least 1.6 million people are food insecure and in need of emergency food assistance. An interagency food needs assessment will provide more precise data on 26 October. In the meantime, there is an urgent need and a short window of opportunity to mobilize and 'preposition' food in strategic locations prior to the onset of winter when access to food insecure communities will be further impeded by snow. There is concern that vulnerable populations will be susceptible to acute malnutrition and nutrition-related diseases unless their minimum food requirements are met with emergency food assistance and micro-nutrients. The response plan reflects the original estimate for only the immediate needs for food and provides for relief distributions for up to one million people. This figure could well be revised based on the results of further assessments. The response plan also includes revised requirements based on new information, for seeds, fertilizer, animal feed and tools, needed to protect livelihoods for affected farmers through replenishment of depleted assets. Actions will also include local capacity reinforcement (local NGOs and extension health and nutrition workers) to reach people to whom access has not yet been possible and to scale up nutrition activities on the ground in prevention to the acute malnutrition expected with the onset of winter. 2.4 HEALTH Situation in the health cluster: The earthquake destroyed approximately 70% of the health facilities present in the area, and led to the death of many of the health workforce. In addition, it left more than 75,000 injured people in need of urgent medical or surgical care. National and international field hospitals and referral regional hospitals dealt with these tremendous challenges in the last two weeks, but a lot remains to be done. Over two weeks after the earthquake, several affected areas have neither been assessed nor reached. The present health risks stem from inadequate shelter conditions, lack of safe drinking water and poor sanitation. In addition to these health risks, there is the threat of disease outbreaks, the collapse of the health system, and the psychological trauma of losing loved ones or being injured in the earthquake. This situation demands from the health sector agencies, whether governmental, UN or NGOs, to boost emergency health care services, strengthen the early warning disease surveillance and response system, and to resume primary health care and hospital referral services. To cover the gaps created by the death and displacement of health professionals, more than 500 national civilian and military health staff and more than 800 health staff from the international community have been mobilised. The objectives of the health cluster are presented at the beginning of the related section. 2.5 WATER AND SANITATION The earthquake devastated water and sanitation systems. In the urban areas all water and sewage networks have been destroyed and in several cases the treatment plants have also been severely damaged. Rural communities largely depended on gravity flow schemes and while the sources remain intact, the networks have been destroyed. Communities that cannot easily reach the source have migrated down into valleys. As a result, virtually the entire affected population is currently drinking contaminated water. A similar level of disruption has occurred with sanitation. Where a house has been destroyed, the sanitation facility has also been lost. The networks of the few sewage systems in
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the affected areas have also been destroyed and the large numbers of people who have migrated in search of food or water are also with out sanitation. This places an exceptional burden on women who now, due to the local culture, can only defecate after dark. A lack of water, soap and privacy has also greatly reduced levels of hygiene. The very highest priority at the moment is for those severely affected people, up to 250,000, who will soon be cut off by the snow. The next highest priority, given the high density of populations, will be those who have settled in camps including spontaneous settlements, a number that could be as high as 500,000. In urban areas, this cluster is also prioritizing the repair and rehabilitation of water and sanitation infrastructure in order to restore services as quickly as possible. 2.6 EDUCATION The education cluster aims to ensure that all schoolchildren affected by the earthquake have access to education activities and are back into an initial rapid education programme as soon as possible. This will give the entire family some sense of a gradual return to normalcy in a protective environment. It also plans to ensure that all teachers working with earthquake-affected children have received initial necessary basic training to address earthquake-related trauma through provision of teacher training and support services, including psychosocial support for teachers from affected schools. Some 790,000 children aged between 5-18 years are estimated to have been affected by the earthquake and 10,000 schools to have been damaged or destroyed. Assessments undertaken with the Ministry of Education have highlighted the needs for tents for temporary school structures, text books and 'School in a Box' supplies, as well as training for some 25,000 teachers, to support the early return to education activities. Teachers and children will be provided with psychosocial support jointly with child protection. 2.7 PROTECTION The protection cluster seeks to prevent the separation of women and children from their families, to reunify separated family members and to provide short to long-term care and protection alternatives to separated children. Tracing children separated from their families is already underway and this cluster, in conjunction with the Ministry of Social Welfare, seeks to address the needs of the most vulnerable - including orphans. There is a real need to support communities in relation to Gender-based Violence, both to raise awareness on gender equality, monitor incidents of violence, put in place appropriate preventative measures and, where necessary, provide suitable care. The earthquake has rendered a large number of parents without a partner or a traditional support, and they now have a changed role that requires special protection and psycho-social support. It is imperative that human rights considerations are integrated into all phases of the disaster response from the initial emergency relief stage to recovery and reconstruction. Early steps to incorporate human rights protection into the relief and recovery operations from the outset will contribute towards a more equitable, effective and sustainable reconstruction process in the long term. Protection and Education were initially combined as a single cluster in the initial Flash Appeal, but separate Clusters have now been established to allow concentration on a broader range of needs. 2.8 CAMP MANAGEMENT The camp management cluster faces the double challenge of supporting the informal and temporary settlements as they are spontaneously being established by the people coming from the mountains, and, at the same time, identifying sites and planning for secure formal camps in the scarce flat land areas. The cluster estimates that camps for 500,000 people need to be planned. The immediate objectives are to identify spontaneous camps, and ensure adequate standards and camp management in cooperation with other clusters. 2.9 EARLY RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION The early reconstruction and recovery cluster recognises that, even as the Government and humanitarian community responds to the immediate relief needs, some preliminary recovery activities can be undertaken to clear the debris resulting from the earthquake, and reconstruct and rehabilitate essential infrastructure, including assessing the impact of the earthquake on education and health and initiating recovery. An important element of this response plan is the restoration of livelihoods. Complementary recovery and livelihood-related activities have also been identified by other cluster
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groups, in relation to food security, for example, through the provision of agricultural inputs, and are reflected under the most relevant cluster. 2.10 INFORMATION AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS The information and telecommunications cluster aims to establish communication networks for new United Nations offices being established to facilitate relief operations. The objective of the project is to upgrade staff and maintain the existing inter-agency communications necessary for coordination and operational management. It also aims at harmonizing the activities between the humanitarian community and Government counterparts to ensure effective communications while avoiding duplication of systems and maximizing the use of local telecommunications resources. The cluster seeks to ensure the implementation of a security communications network and provision of the data services for UN agencies in support of the humanitarian missions. Initial planning is to establish six UN hubs. Based on reports from the main clusters, this Flash Appeal now requires US$ 549,585,941 for six months. At the time of writing, even though the disaster occurred seventeen days ago, access to thousands of people affected by the earthquake remains the biggest obstacle of the relief operation. Consequently, the projects contained in this Flash Appeal continue to focus on life-saving activities and sustaining relief operations for up to 6 months. The projects will be further adjusted and include more focus on recovery in the near future as more precise information is available. A number of assessments are already underway in this respect.
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3. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Response Coordination The response to this disaster is being coordinated closely with the Government of Pakistan, which is playing a key role in leading and supporting the relief and recovery effort at capital and provincial level. The cluster Groups include representatives of, and liaise closely, with the relevant line Ministries, whose officials actively participate in both assessments and response planning. This has been facilitated in some areas, such as health, where close working relationships and cooperation had been developed before this disaster occurred. The humanitarian coordination structures established immediately after the earthquake by the UN Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC) Team in support of the Resident Coordinator included the Reception Centre at Islamabad Airport for incoming SAR teams and relief organizations, setting up the Emergency Coordination Centre in Islamabad, which has been the strategic and operational hub during the initial phase of the rescue and relief operations, and the Disaster Management Team composed of Country Representatives of UN agencies. The Islamabad Hub, where some 100 organizations have been meeting daily for general coordination briefings, has been supported by Humanitarian Common Services such as the Humanitarian Information Centre (HIC), Logistics, UNHAS, CMCoord, MapAction and Telecoms in addition to Security. An OSOCC was immediately established in Muzaffarabad. During the second week of operations, it was transformed into the first of the six planned field-based Humanitarian Hubs, followed days later by Mansehra and Bagh. Three more locations are currently being identified in an effort to cover the affected area and to de-centralize the operational humanitarian coordination to the field level. From the outset, in the spirit of reform of the humanitarian system and as recommended by the Humanitarian Response Review, the coordination structures adopted in response to the earthquake followed the cluster approach. Ten clusters have been formed: Shelter (lead: IOM), Food and Nutrition (lead: WFP/UNICEF), Health (lead: WHO), Water and Sanitation (lead: UNICEF), Camp Management (lead: UNHCR), Logistics (lead: WFP), Protection (lead: UNICEF), Education (lead: UNICEF), IT/Telecommunications (leads: OCHA/UNICEF/WFP), Early Reconstruction and Recovery (lead: UNDP). Cluster meetings have been taking place daily with an increasing number of partners. The Government has identified counterpart focal points to co-chair cluster meetings. In addition, the cluster heads' group forum has evolved from an early information exchange phase to focus now on strategic planning and coordination in Islamabad. Operational cluster coordination structures are also being developed in the three already-established humanitarian hubs. The cluster approach represents an important new development in humanitarian policy and practice. Its implementation in Pakistan has mostly been embraced by partners and its being actively tested on the ground. Already, the process has revealed some important lessons which will contribute to further development of the concept in theory and practice. While the in-depth evaluation of the approach must wait until the emergency phase of the operation is over, one important lesson has already emerged: namely that the cluster approach represents a paradigm shift in humanitarian thinking. Lead and partner agencies will need to give up elements of their own procedures and visibility for the sake of faster and more effective progress on the ground. The concept of delegated leadership and coordination must be strengthened to ensure the full implementation of the approach.
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4. RESPONSE PLANS
4.1 SHELTER CLUSTER Lead agency: IOM 4.1.1 Objectives • Support the assessment of immediate shelter needs; • Provide immediate shelter (i.e. tents) to the most affected population; • Provide vulnerable children and families with critical non-food items.
Shelter Agency Project US$
IOM
SAEQ-05/S/NF04
Project: Emergency Shelter Objectives: To provide emergency and transitional shelter to the most affected areas directly, and also to coordinate activities and the provision of the same by other members of the emergency shelter cluster. With its partners, IOM will be providing shelter for tens of thousands of households, as well as associated shelter NFIs. This project complements that of UNDP. Beneficiaries: up to 2 million persons. Partners: Government, Islamic Relief, NRC, CRS, Church World Service and other emergency shelter cluster member organizations
50,000,000
UNDP
SAEQ-05/S/NF02
Project: Immediate Shelter Objectives: To provide immediate shelter and NFIs to the most vulnerable populations. With its partners, UNDP intends to provide tens of thousands immediate shelters (winterized tents, materials for improvised housing, tools, associated NFIs such as blankets, plastic sheeting, cooking sets, mattresses, dual purpose heating, etc) to provide protection. This project complements that of IOM. Beneficiaries: up to 1 million persons. Partners: Government, IFRC, IOM, OXFAM, RSPN, Relief International, UNOPS, Save the Children Alliance
30,000,000
UNDP
SAEQ-05/S/NF06
Project: Meeting the Heating and Cooking Energy Requirements during Winter Objectives: To provide liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) for heating and cooking in the earthquake affected area during the 2005/6 winter. To monitor air pollution for minimizing respiratory problems of communities that are already suffering from injuries. To reduce stress on the women to meet the energy requirements for cooking and heating and enhance their livelihoods skills. To reduce pressure on forest resources to avoid deforestation that may potentially cause landslides and erosion. (Budget covers LPG cylinder, stove and 10 re-fillings per household.) Beneficiaries: 100,000 households in mountain communities severely affected by the earthquake. Partners: Environmental and Natural Resources Management Departments of NW Frontier and Azad Jammu and Pakistan-administered Kashmir, Ministry of Environment, SUNGI, Private Sector, CBOs.
8,000,000
UNDP
SAEQ-05/S/NF07
Project: Support to Spontaneous and Seismically Resilient Shelter Rehabilitation Objectives: (In partnership with UN-HABITAT) To support on-going early recovery efforts in shelter through the establishment of technical support cells to assess and advise, and the provision of cash grants to targeted households for rehabilitation of damaged homes. To promote and support rebuilding efforts through the provision of tool kits, materials and the establishment of building materials centres. To prepare and implement a public awareness campaign on seismic-resistant building methods and retrofitting methods on disaster mitigation and safety Beneficiaries; an estimated 50,000 beneficiaries Partners: GoP (Rehabilitation Authority and local government), UN-Habitat, UNOPS, UNEP, ILO, UN Agencies, IFRC, INGOs, local NGO’s
7,000,000
TOTAL 95,000,000
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4.2 LOGISTICS CLUSTER Lead agency: WFP 4.2.1 Objectives • Ensure that a complete integrated supply chain is available to all humanitarian actors; • Undertake infrastructure assessments; disseminate logistics information and ensure the most
timely and cost-effective modes of delivery are available and utilized.
Logistics Agency Project US$
World Food Programme
SAEQ-
05/CSS02
Project Title: Special Operation 10494.0: WFP Air Support to Humanitarian relief operations in response to the Pakistan Earthquake Objective: Provision of essential air cargo and passenger services utilizing twenty MI-8 and five MI-26 helicopters for six months to facilitate Federal and Provincial Governments, donors, UN system, and (I) NGOs relief efforts during the winter months and into the rehabilitation phase. In circumstances where WFP receives in-kind support for this special operation from its stand-by partners or from the military, such contributions will be registered as donations against this SO. Partners: Federal and Provincial Governments, donors, UN system, and (I) NGOs
100,000,000
(includes costs
of in-kind support)
World Food Programme
SAEQ-
05/CSS01
Project Title: Special Operation 10493.0: WFP Logistics Support to Relief Operations for the Pakistan Earthquake Objective: Provision of base camp support modules and office equipment for six months to cater for UN agency accommodation and office needs in remote areas; augmented transit warehousing of UN non-food items at air hubs and the planned inter-agency field offices; the provision of short-haul 6x6 trucks for delivery of relief cargo; and to provide specialised snow clearance teams to maintain vital supply arteries and access to remote areas. In circumstances where WFP receives in-kind support for this special operation from its stand-by partners or from the military, such contributions will be registered as donations against this SO. Partners: Government, donors, UN system, and (I) NGOs
21,250,000
World Food Programme
SAEQ-
05/CSS03
Project: Special Operation 10495.0: United Nations Joint Logistics Centre – Pakistan Earthquake Response Objectives: To establish and maintain cargo priority and tracking system; solicit, coordinate, and prioritize requirements for air transportation; establish and maintain logistics coordination capabilities at five Forward Operating Bases; in conjunction with Humanitarian Information Centre (HIC), establish and maintain logistics All Source Information System; establish liaison with governmental and military partners; undertake infrastructure assessments, collate, and disseminate essential logistics information; and to facilitate the establishment of surface and air corridors and de-conflict with military/ civilian entities. Partners: Government, donors, UN system, and (I) NGOs
3,460,000
UNDP (on behalf of UNOPS)
SAEQ-
05/CSS09
Project: Opening/easing Access to Remote Areas throughout the Winter Objectives: To facilitate the access to remote villages in lateral valleys and to support early recovery. To clear snow and landslides through cash for work. To distribution of 250 jeeps to NGOs or village councils and to help maintain the vehicles over 6 months. Beneficiaries: affected populations in remote villages, Partners: Government, UN system, national and international NGOs.
4,750,000
IOM
SAEQ-05/CSS04
Project: Logistic support to affected populations. Objectives: to provide transport for the movement of emergency relief items to affected areas. To facilitate the movement of people and shelter. Beneficiaries: up to 4 million persons. Partners: Government, all the different cluster partners, NGOs, particularly emergency shelter and logistics cluster members
8,000,000
TOTAL 137,460,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
11
4.3 FOOD AND NUTRITION CLUSTER Lead agencies: WFP and UNICEF 4.3.1 Objective: • Provide emergency food and nutrition support to the most severely affected population. • Ensure adequate nutrition intake of vulnerable populations, especially children and pregnant
and lactating mothers. • Support for emergency actions, which need to be in place by planting time, to resume
agricultural production and restore livelihoods. • Set up the monitoring mechanisms to detect early signs of deterioration of nutrition status of
vulnerable groups (children and women). • Reinforce local capacity in the various food and nutrition areas.
Food and Nutrition Agency Project US$
WFP
SAEQ-05/F01
Project: Emergency food assistance to earthquake affected populations. Objectives: Provide emergency food and nutrition support to the most severely affected population; Ensure adequate nutrition intake of vulnerable populations, especially children and pregnant and lactating mothers; Support for emergency interventions to resume agricultural production and restore livelihoods Strategy: provide 101,521 metric tonnes of emergency dry rations and ready to eat food for six months. Beneficiaries: 1 million (15 October 2005 – 14 April 2006) Partners: Government, UNICEF, UNHCR, Oxfam, Concern, Islamic Relief, World Vision, Goal and local NGOs.
55,860,000
IRC
SAEQ-05/F02
Project: Emergency food distribution to earthquake-affected populations in Mansehra and Muzzafarabad. Objectives: To reach the earthquake affected vulnerable people in NWFP and distribute the food according to WFP norms and procedures. Strategy: Depending on accessibility, security, weather condition and other factors IRC will identify the vulnerable population and will distribute the food provided by WFP in location near to the affected people. Beneficiaries: 0.47 million (15 October 2005 – 14 April 2006) Partners: Government, WFP, Local communities.
1,500,000
Save the Children Alliance
SAEQ-05/F03
Project: Emergency food assistance to earthquake affected populations Balakot and Bagh. Objectives: To provide food for 150,000 food insecure and vulnerable persons in Balakot and Bagh.. Strategy: 1) Provide food to meet the immediate needs of families with family food packs; and 2) Establish community kitchens for immediate to medium term food needs, ensuring children’s nutrition and supporting community mobilization/ support systems for children and women Beneficiaries: 150,000 Partners: Government, Local community based organizations, local NGOs, and community leaders
910,000
UNICEF
SAEQ-05/H14 (Combined with previous H15)
Project: Nutrition Assessment, action, monitoring and surveillance Objective: Improvement of nutrition status of the affected population through establishing effective coordination among the nutrition sector; assess the nutrition situation, design and implement nutrition actions (including Vit A supplementation) and establish effective monitoring/surveillance system among the affected population. Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population, 600,000 children under five and 200,000 pregnant and lactating women. Partners: Ministry of Health, UNFPA, WFP, NGOs and other stakeholders.
6,500,000
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United
Nations (FAO)
SAEQ-05/A01
Project Title: Emergency agricultural assistance to earthquake-affected areas. Objective: Secure livelihoods of affected farmers through replenishment of depleted assets. Actions will include the provision of agricultural inputs (seeds, fertiliser, animal feed, tools), sustained animal health and recovery of livestock shelter. Beneficiaries: 400,000 farmers. Partners: Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. Duration: Six months
20,500,000
TOTAL 85,270,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
12
4.4 HEALTH CLUSTER Lead agency: WHO 4.4.1 Objectives: • Support the Ministry of Health and local health authorities in assessment and monitoring of
health threats and needs, including the set up of an early warning surveillance and response system of epidemic prone diseases;
• Ensure coordination on health priorities, strategies, plans and inputs of all partners in the health cluster so that the health needs and critical gaps in the health response, including relief supplies and human resources, are identified and met;
• Address critical threats and gaps in health service delivery with appropriate and quality primary health actions and secondary and tertiary levels of medical care in the affected areas;
• Strengthen and repair the local health systems (infrastructures as well human resources) and build the capacity of national/local health authorities as well of international partners in order to cope with the urgent health challenges and the early recovery related activities.
Health
Agency Project US$
UNICEF/UNFPA/WHO
SAEQ-05/H23 a,
b, c
Project: Re-vitalize the system for delivery of primary health care services including immunization, vitamin A supplementation, maternal, child and neonatal health services, as well prevention and treatment of disabilities for earthquake affected populations in northern Pakistan. Objectives: To assist the Government of Pakistan to revitalize/ establish primary health care facilities and services in the affected areas to mitigate the impact on health of the earthquake and to ensure continuity of pre-existing program/services. Strategy: Depending on assessment of damage to health infrastructure, develop and implement a comprehensive plan for providing immediately access to uncovered communities and re-vitalizing primary health care in coordination with provincial and district health authorities, through semi-permanent simplified first level health facilities, or essential minimal physical rehabilitation when feasible. Beneficiaries: 4,000,000 affected population Partners: Government, UNICEF and local partners UNICEF – 10,000,000 WHO – 9,000,000 UNFPA – 6,000,000
25,000,000
WHO/UNFPA/UNICEF
SAEQ-05/H24 a,
b, c
Project: Revitalize hospital care services (secondary level) in regions affected by the earthquake Objectives: To ensure that basic comprehensive health services (system and structures) are available for affected populations include treatment of medical and surgical conditions, prevention and treatment of physical disabilities, essential and emergency obstetric care and newborn and child care To ensure the availability of health human resources to provide medical services Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population Partners: Ministry of Health, UNICEF, UNFPA and other stakeholders WHO – 4,000,000 UNFPA – 2,000,000 UNICEF – 1,000,000
7,000,000
WHO
SAEQ-05/H02
Project: Disease Surveillance and Early Warning System Objectives: To detect, investigate and respond to disease outbreaks in order to reduce morbidity and mortality due to epidemic prone diseases Provide the operational and technical support to MoH to set up and sustain an early warning surveillance system in all the affected areas, as well the local capacity to enter, process and analyse the epidemiological data, and provide a prompt response to any outbreak. Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population Partners: Ministry of Health and other stakeholders
3,200,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
13
Health
Agency Project US$
WHO
SAEQ-05/H01
Project: Emergency health relief operations including coordination and Information Management Objectives: To establish and lead together with MoH a coordination mechanism whereby a central office and 5 field offices (Muzaffarabad, Mansehra, Bagh, Balakot and Rawalakot) are operational to assess and monitoring the evolving health situation, coordinate health response, manage, analyse and disseminate essential health information, highlight the health priorities Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population Partners: Ministry of Health and other stakeholders
3,500,000
WHO SAEQ-05/H25
Project: Environmental Health Response Objectives: To improve the environmental health conditions of affected populations, and health facilities, and therefore reduce environment-related diseases and deaths among the population. To provide technical advice, partnering on activities and strengthening the link between disease surveillance, focused environmental health interventions and outbreak prevention. Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population Partners: Ministry of Health, UNICEF and other stakeholders
3,200,000
UNAIDS
SAEQ-05/H08
Project: HIV-AIDS prevention Objectives: To ensure safe blood transfusions (screening about 10,000 transfusions for HIV, Hepatitis B and C), establish syndromic STI treatment and reproductive health services, establish one VCT centre and promote HIV-AIDS awareness involving the leadership Beneficiaries: 4,000,000 population of affected areas Partners: Ministry of Health, WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, Civil Society Organisations.
500,000
IOM
SAEQ-O5/H11
Project: Medical evacuation of injured patients whose treatment is not available locally. Objective: To coordinate and implement transportation of the patients to the receiving health settings- Support the receiving health centres in term of equipment, supplies and human recourses. Beneficiaries: Injured patients Partners: Ministry of Health, WHO and other governmental and non-governmental organizations.
1,000,000
IOM/WHO
SAEQ-O5/H26 a, b
Project: Increase access to health care for affected communities Objective: Re-establish through the provision of temporary or semi-permanent health infrastructure and equipment, essential Primary health care services in areas where health facilities are destroyed and/or to the new settlements Beneficiaries: Patients directly and entire community indirectly Partners: Ministry of Health, WHO and NGOs IOM – 1,000,000 WHO – 4,000,000
5,000,000
IOM/WHO
SAEQ-O5/H26 a, b
Project: Coordination, policy formulation and provision of mental health and psychosocial actions. Objective: To provide access to emergency related mental health care at all levels of care. To ensure interagency coordination and quality assurance in the area of mental health and psychological support. Beneficiaries: Entire population of the affected area Partners: Ministry of Health, UNICEF, UNFPA and other stakeholders WHO – 850,000 IOM – 500,000.
1,350,000
AAI Australian International
SAEQ-O5/H17
Project: Emergency medical assistance and community health initiatives to the affected population of Bagh Objectives: To provide essential emergency medical care to affected people, while conducting other community health initiatives to ensure the population have equitable access to health care. Beneficiaries: 150,000 target population Partners: MOH, District Health Authorities, LEAD Pakistan, HRDN
850,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
14
Health
Agency Project US$
AGA KHAN
SAEQ-O5/H18
Project: Provision of essential health services to earthquake hit communities in Azad, Pakistan-administered Kashmir and NWFP Objectives: Establish temporary first level Primary Health Care centres to replace those damaged by the earthquake Beneficiaries: 60,000 people Partners: Ministry of Health and local communities
110,000
Greenstar Marketing
SAEQ-O5/H20
Project: Health Emergency Relief Response Objectives: To distribute point-of-use water purification product for 300,000 people for six months; to deploy a network of volunteer health providers and provide medical supplies; to provide reproductive health products such as clean delivery kits, condoms and STI treatment kits and IPC materials to affected population. Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population Partners: Ministry of Health and local communities, UNICEF, UNFPA, NGOs
1,000,000
Mercy Corps
SAEQ-O5/H19
Project: Humanitarian and Rehabilitation Assistance to Siran and Konch valleys in Mansehra District Objectives: Provision of critical Primary Health Care services to vulnerable communities in earthquake-affected areas of Siran and Konch valley Beneficiaries: estimated population of 120,000 people Partners: Ministry of Health and local communities
500,000
Merlin
SAEQ-O5/H21
Project: Reduction of Morbidity and Mortality in Panjikot and Lower Neelum Valleys through Trauma and Primary Health Care provision Objectives: Reduction of immediate trauma related morbidity and mortality through provision of appropriate facilities, equipment, pharmaceuticals and human resources and Reduction of morbidity and mortality related to common illnesses through provision of Primary Health Care in Panjkot and Lower Neelum Beneficiaries: 115,000 affected population Partners: Ministry of Health
850,000
Save the Children-Alliance
SAEQ-05/H10
Project: Primary Health Care including MCH in earthquake affected areas in NWFP Objectives: Training and mobilizing human resources for district health care delivery system including LHWs. Beneficiaries: 100,000 women and children in affected areas of NWFP Partners: Ministry of Health, UNICEF, WHO
720,000
Save the Children-Alliance
SAEQ-05/H22
Project: Establish a field Hospital at the site of Batagram District Hospital Objectives: To provide follow-up care for trauma, emergencies and routine care Beneficiaries: 1,000,000 women and children in affected areas of NWFP Partners: Ministry of Health, UNICEF, WHO
1,000,000
World Vision
SAEQ-05/H12
Project: Provide medicine and mobile medical camps Objectives: To provide health assistance to affected population focusing on children and mothers in Shangla and Mansehra Districts Beneficiaries: 40,000, including 20,000 Women and 20,000 Children Partners: Local government, SRSP, CWS, Sungi
600,000
TOTAL: 55,380,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
15
4.5 WATER AND SANITATION CLUSTER Lead agency: UNICEF 4.5.1 Objectives: • Assess the situation and coordinate response; • Provide safe drinking water to the affected population; • Ensure access to sanitation facilities.
Water and Environmental Sanitation
Agency Project US$
UNICEF
SAEQ-05/WS03
Project: Provision of adequate sanitation and hygiene Objectives: Ensure families, especially children and women have access to sanitation facilities that meet or exceed SPHERE standards; to conduct vector control; and to ensure affected populations are sensitised to risks associated with poor hygiene and contaminated water Beneficiaries: 1.7 million severely affected people. Partners: Government, Ministry of Science and Technology, and cluster INGOs.
15,100,000
UNICEF
SAEQ-05/WS02
Project: Provision of safe drinking water Objectives: To provide safe drinking water to affected populations with particular emphasis on children and women Beneficiaries: 1.7 million severely affected people, Partners: Government and cluster INGOs.
24,200,000
ACF – USA
SAEQ-05/WS05
Project: Support to health centres Objectives: To provide 15 health centres of Battagram and Mansehra Districts with safe water and sanitation facilities. Beneficiaries: 10,000 affected population Partners: Local Government, MSF-F, Croix Rouge Francaise
200,000
ACF – USA
SAEQ-05/WS06
Project: Provision of safe drinking water Objectives: To provide safe drinking water to affected populations in urban areas and tent cities of Battagram and Mansehra Districts. Beneficiaries: 20,000 people Partners: Local Government
300,000
ACF – USA
SAEQ-05/WS07
Project: Emergency sanitation Objectives: To install 750 latrines, 600 washing areas in urban areas and tent cities of Battagram and Mansehra Districts. Beneficiaries: 20,000 people, Partners: Local Government
500,000
Catholic Relief Services (CRS)
SAEQ-05/WS08
Project: Provision of latrines Objectives: to provide latrine facilities in the Siran and Kounch valleys - Mansehra; Kohistan Miara and Koumanje - Shangla. Beneficiaries: 25,000 people. Partners: Local Government
800,000
United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP)
SAEQ-05/WS04
Project Title: Environmental assessment of the immediate, secondary and medium-term impacts of the South Asian earthquake Objective: Identify primary, secondary and medium-term environmental impacts of the South Asia Earthquake; design measures for risk minimization, halt further environmental degradation, recommend measures for recovery, disaster risk reduction, and long-term environmental restoration. Beneficiaries: Women, Men and Children living within the areas affected by the earthquake. Total Number: 4 million, around 160,000 families Partners: National environment authorities, UNDP
500,000
TOTAL 41,600,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
16
4.6 EDUCATION CLUSTER Lead agency: UNICEF 4.6.1 Objectives: • Ensure that all school children affected by the earthquake have access to education; • Ensure that all children affected by the earthquake are in an initial rapid education programme,
essential to their normal development and offering a safe and protective environment; • Ensure that all teachers working with earthquake-affected children have received initial short in-
service training to address earthquake-related trauma through provision of teacher training and support services, including psychosocial support for teachers from affected schools;
• Provide a basis for rapid recovery and reconstruction of schools through support for government efforts to map all schools in affected areas;
• Ensure plans have been developed to address gaps in curriculum and exams following the earthquake;
• Support government efforts to provide textbooks free of charge and special teaching-learning materials which deal with post-earthquake trauma;
• Re-establish education administration, planning and management capacity.
Education Agency Project US$
UNICEF
SAEQ-05/ E02
Project: Back to School (This complements the UNDP/UNOPS project) Objectives: • To support government efforts to re-establish primary and
secondary schools in affected areas, including needs assessment and planning
• To ensure provision of basic educational and recreational services and materials, including temporary structures to house educational activities pending reconstruction/rehabilitation
• To ensure provision of provide necessary teacher training and psychosocial support
Beneficiaries: more than 790,000 children, 10,000 schools, 25,000 teachers Partners: Government, Ministry of Education and other stakeholders
11,400,000
UNDP (on behalf of UNOPS)
SAEQ-05/E03
Project: Back to School (This complements the project of UNICEF) Objectives: Provision of semi-permanent school structures in relocation centres in the affected areas with heating. Rehabilitation of damaged schools (primary and secondary). Partners: Government, Ministry of Education, UNOPS, UNICEF, UNESCO, and NGOs.
13,000,000
UNESCO SAEQ-05/ E01
Project: Reactivation and stabilization of the school system in the affected areas Objectives: • Emergency teacher training and provision of teaching/learning
materials and aids • Emergency reproduction and dissemination of school textbooks for
needy school children • Emergency management training of district education officers and
other local officials to reactivate, manage and monitor local education systems.
Beneficiaries: 60,000 children, 1,000 schools, 2,000 teachers Partners: Government, Provincial education partners, UN agencies, national and international NGOs
1,300,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
17
Education
Agency Project US$
ILO
SAEQ-05/ E04
Project: Rehabilitation and Prevention of Worst Forms of Child \Labour in District Shangla Objectives: To provide rehabilitation services to children working in hazardous sectors. Provision of non-formal education and mainstreaming into formal schooling. Provision of literacy and vocational skills training in non-hazardous occupations for older children (14-17 years). Provision of health screening, and basic health services. Provide teachers training on WFCL. Child labour monitoring and rehabilitation system. Empower WFCL families by linking them with district based government subsidies, grants and micro-finance products. Beneficiaries: 15,000 children Partners: Government, Ministry of Labour, Ministry of Education, Provincial Departments of Labour and Education, District Government, UNICEF, NGOs
1,000,000
UNICEF (on behalf of: Save the
Children Alliance Mercy Corps
Idara-e-Taleem-o-Aagahi (ITA) Catholic Relief
Services)
SAEQ-05/ E05
Projects: Emergency education provision in child -friendly schools in selected districts/tehsils/temporary camps and support to restoration of government services (data management and planning). Objectives: Provision of transitional programmes, including detailed needs assessment/mapping. Provision of temporary school structures and education supplies. Provision of teacher training, psycho-social support for teachers, training in addressing the needs of children suffering earthquake-related trauma. Provision of support for institutional strengthening to government. Beneficiaries: est. 25,000 children plus district governments in selected affected districts. Partners: Government, Ministry of Education, Save the Children Alliance, Mercy Corps, Idara-e-Taleem-o-Aagahi (ITA), Catholic Relief Services (CRS).
2,500,000
TOTAL 29,200,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
18
4.7 PROTECTION CLUSTER Lead agency: UNICEF 4.7.1 Objectives: • Ensure access to basic social services; • Prevent separation of children from their families and reunify separated family members; • Ensure protection, support and care for the most vulnerable groups, including orphans; • Raise awareness of the community on Gender-Based Violence and promote the improved living
conditions of women; • Work with other clusters in identifying ways to reduce vulnerabilities to exploitation and violence.
Protection Agency Project US$
UNICEF
SAEQ-05/P/HR/RL01
Project: Psychosocial support to children, including orphans. Objectives: To ensure that children affected by earthquake have access to basic social services, including quality psychosocial initiatives for quick recovery and rehabilitation, and they are protected against violence and abuses. Provision of life-skills based education support to adolescents in collaboration with education. Beneficiaries: 800,000 children. Partners: Ministry of Social Welfare, UNESCO, Save the Children, World Vision and other stakeholders
3,000,000
UNICEF
SAEQ-05/P/HR/RL02
Project: Assessments, protection and reunification of unaccompanied/separated children Objectives: To prevent separation of children from families, identify and reunify them with their families Beneficiaries: Unaccompanied and separated children Partners: Ministry of Social Welfare, Save the Children, World Vision and other stakeholders
2,000,000
UNICEF
SAEQ-05/P/HR/RL03
Project: Child friendly spaces Objectives: To ensure that children affected by the earthquake have access to structured play/recreation activities essential to the normal development of children and which offers a safe and protective environment for them Beneficiaries: 800,000 children Partners: Ministry of Social Welfare, Save the Children and other stakeholders
5,000,000
UNICEF
SAEQ-05/P/HR/RL05
Project: Special Protection measures for children with disabilities due to earthquake Objectives: To ensure that children with disabilities are provided with rehabilitation, psychological care services and that they are reintegrated into families/communities with an inclusive approach Beneficiaries: 20,000 children and 10,000 caregivers Partners: Ministry of Social Welfare and Special Education, Ministries of Health and Education, Bat-ul-Mal, Handicap International and other stakeholders
6,000,000
UNFPA
SAEQ-05/P/HR/RL09
Project: Provision of psychosocial services to women affected and distribution of Hygiene and sanitation kits in the earthquake affected areas of Muzaffarabad and Mansehra. Objectives: • to address gender-based violence with community and health
providers including Lady Health Workers (LHWs) • to train the LHWs to address the psychosocial needs of traumatized
women and families. • to procure 200,000 H&S kits Beneficiaries: Women and young girls Partners: Ministry of Women Development, Ministry of Health, UNHCR and NGOs
1,300,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
19
Protection
Agency Project US$
ILO SAEQ-
05/P/HR/RL06
Project: preventing children from entering into hazardous work and from trafficking Objectives:
(a) to ensure that children between the ages of 5-14 are prevented or withdrawn from hazardous occupations
(b) to protect vulnerable children from falling victims to human traffickers
Beneficiaries: 10,000 children in the affected area. Partners: Ministry of Labour, Unions and Ministry of Social Welfare and Special Education, UNHCR, UNICEF
1,000,000
Save the Children Alliance
SAEQ-
05/P/HR/RL07
Project: Support psychological well-being of children Objectives: To ensure that 20,000 children affected by the earthquake have access to safe play spaces and structured play activities Beneficiaries: 20,000 children in affected communities. Partners: Government, Communities, UNICEF, UNHCR and Save the Children Alliance members, local PNGOs and CBOs.
900,000
Save the Children Alliance
SAEQ-
05/P/HR/RL08
Project: Assessments, protection and reunification of unaccompanied/separated children Objectives: To prevent separation of children from families, identify and reunify them with their families. Beneficiaries: Children in affected communities in NWFP and Pakistan-administered Kashmir (will benefit all children because of development of registration and tracing method). Partners: Government, Communities, UNICEF, UNHCR and Save the Children Alliance members, local PNGOs and CBOs.
500,000
World Vision SAEQ-
05/P/HR/RL04
Project: Child friendly spaces Objectives: To ensure that children of 3,000 affected families by the earthquake have access to structured play/recreation activities (at additional 10 spaces) essential to their normal development and which offers a safe and protective environment for them. To provide training to partners in protocols related to child protection. Beneficiaries: 10,000 children and 3,000 families Partners: Ministry of Social Welfare, UNICEF, UNHCR, SRSP
500,000
OHCHR
SAEQ-05/P/HR/RL10
Project: Human rights protection in the earthquake response Objectives: To ensure human rights perspectives are taken into consideration in the relief and recovery operations and to lay the groundwork for a rights-based approach in the longer term reconstruction process. To coordinate with all humanitarian actors and civil society on emerging human rights concerns. To develop mechanisms to promote regular consultation with and participation of all sectors of affected communities. Beneficiaries: Vulnerable and disadvantaged. Partners: Government and other stake-holders.
200,000
TOTAL 20,400,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
20
4.8 CAMP MANAGEMENT CLUSTER Lead agency: UNHCR 4.8.1 Objective • To provide a secure camp environment for displaced persons.
Camp Management Agency Project US$
UNHCR
SAEQ-05/MS01
Project: Establish and assist the GOP to manage temporary new camps for vulnerable persons of the earthquake affected area and assist local populations in scattered spontaneous settlements around villages and cities in affected areas. This action will take place only in areas were logistics channels and roads can remain open. Roles and Responsibilities: UNHCR will coordinate the overall camp establishment and management response with the GOP for both new and spontaneous settlements. Objectives: 1. Provide a secure temporary camp environment and essential assistance to 500,000 affected persons living in scattered settlements around destroyed cities and villages. 2. Coordinate and ensure that essential water and sanitation conditions, health care, nutrition and social support are available at camp sites. 3. Improve living conditions by providing non-food items and multi-sector assistance to people living in scattered settlements around destroyed villages and towns. Beneficiaries: 500,000 beneficiaries, estimated by the Government to need housing in camps. Partners: Government, Federal Relief Coordination Cell, all humanitarian relief clusters, OXFAM, Save the Children UK/US, THW, ARC, FOCUS, IMC, NRC
30,000,000
(excluding
food)
TOTAL: 30,000,000 4.9 EARLY RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION CLUSTER Lead agency: UNDP 4.9.1 Objectives: • To support spontaneous and planned recovery and reconstruction efforts which integrate disaster risk
reduction concerns. • To support site clearance, rehabilitation and reconstruction of essential infrastructure. • To support the restoration of livelihoods. • To support the restoration/development of an institutional structure and operational mechanisms for
sustainable recovery.
Early Reconstruction and Recovery Agency Project US$
UNDP
SAEQ-05/ER/102
Project: Rubble removal and recycling through Cash for Work and Seismically Resilient Rehabilitation of Damaged Houses. Objectives: Provide temporary alternative income. To train artisans. To clear space to allow for the rebuilding of essential schools/clinics using CFW methodology, and recycle concrete rubble as additional rebuilding materials. Beneficiaries: 50,000 persons. Partners: Government, ILO, UNOPS, local NGOs, communities
15,000,000
ILO
SAEQ-05/ER/105
Project Title: Rehabilitation, reconstruction and livelihood creation through emergency employment services, labour-based reconstruction & skills development Objective: To contribute to rehabilitation, reconstruction and livelihood creation in districts directly affected by the earthquake in North Eastern Pakistan. Beneficiaries: 20,000 persons. Partners: Provincial & District Governments (Public Works Dept. Labour Dept., etc), Private Sector, NGOs & Contractors.
3,000,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
21
Early Reconstruction and Recovery
Agency Project US$
UNDP
SAEQ05/ER/I01
Project: Initial activities leading towards rehabilitation of key access infrastructure Objectives (in partnership with ILO): Rehabilitation of key access points - culverts, roads and water channels Partners: Government, UNOPS, ILO, ADB
5,000,000
UNDP
SAEQ-05/ER/1
06
Project: Institutional Capacity Restoration/Development for Sustainable Recovery and Reconstruction Objectives: To rehabilitate essential government buildings and assets. To rapidly restore and develop the capacities of local institutions (government as well as civil society) and relevant reconstruction authorities at all levels to manage the recovery and reconstruction efforts. Partners: Government and other UN agencies.
5,000,000
UNDP
SAEQ-05/ER/I03
Project: UNV: Coordination support for recovery and rehabilitation through deployment of UN Volunteers, including national volunteers Objectives: Strengthening human resources capacity for recovery and rehabilitation through mobilisation of volunteers. Partners: Government agencies, UNDP, UN agencies, international and national NGOs,
1,000,000
UN-HABITAT
SAEQ-05/ER/I04
Project Title: Technical and Policy Support for Strategic Shelter Recovery Framework Objectives: To provide immediate technical assistance and organisational support to the newly established Rehabilitation Authority responsible for development policy and guiding the process of implementation through recovery and reconstruction phases. Preparation of earthquake resistant building manuals for households and buildings, household policy development, support to information and progress-tracking systems, coordination, monitoring, reporting and further programme development. Beneficiaries; an estimated 3,000,000 Partners: GoP (Rehabilitation Authority and local government) UNDP, UN Agencies, IFRC, INGOs, local NGOs
650,000
ISCOS
SAEQ-05/ER/I07
Project Title: Support for reconstruction and socio-economic recovery Objectives: to asses socio-economic and reconstruction needs and prepare a comprehensive recovery plan in the villages of Hassamabad, Sagar and Paris, Balakot Tehsil, Mahsera District.. To establish Villages Taskforce Committees in three villages. To provide shelter to approximately 500 households (2000 - 2,500 persons). To repair and reconstruction approximately 200 houses (1,000 to 1,500 persons) To establish emergency employment services to serve approximately 5,000 persons. Beneficiaries: Affected populations in Hassamabad, Sagar and Paris, Balakot Tehsil, Mansehra. Partners: PWF (APFOL) Trade, Local Government, NGOs Network.
850,000
Save the Children Alliance
SAEQ-05/ER/I08
Project: Cash for Work Objectives: To provide cash-for-work opportunities to support community clean-up efforts of public places such as schools, health facilities, mosques, and development of safe play areas in affected districts of Abbottabad, Bagh, Batagram, Mansehra, Muzzafarabad, and Rawlakot. Beneficiaries: 10,000 persons. Partners: Local community-based organizations, local NGOs, and community leaders.
4,000,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
22
Early Reconstruction and Recovery
Agency Project US$
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United
Nations (FAO)
SAEQ-05/ER/I09
Project: Rehabilitation of agricultural infrastructure for livelihood recovery of affected Farmers in Earthquake areas in Northern Pakistan Objective: Re-establish the livelihoods of affected farmers by providing technical and logistical support and materials for rehabilitation of damaged agricultural assets and infrastructure (urgent repairs and re-construction of small irrigation schemes, market roads, animal shelters, small agroprocessing buildings as warehouses, etc.). Beneficiaries: 100,000 vulnerable farm families (approximately 700 000 beneficiaries) Partners: Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation, Provincial and District Governments & other local stakeholders
4,000,000
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United
Nations (FAO)
SAEQ-05/ER/I10
Project: Coordination of Agricultural recovery activities in Earthquake areas in Northern Pakistan. Quality control and technical support. Objective: Assessing the needs for the first agricultural livelihoods’ recovery activities and improving sectoral coordination and institutional capacity to implement them. Ensure quality control and technical support in the early recovery agriculture-related activities to respect high technical standards and consistency with medium- and long-term strategies. Beneficiaries: Government institutions, NGOs and Local Institutions Partners: Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation, Provincial and District Governments & other local stakeholders
500,000
TOTAL: 39,000,000 4.10 INFORMATION AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS CLUSTER Lead agencies: OCHA and WFP and UNICEF 4.10.1 Objectives: • Establish communication networks for new United Nations (UN) offices being established to
facilitate relief operations. • Upgrade staff and maintain the existing inter-agency communications necessary for
coordination and operational management. • Harmonise the activities between the humanitarian community and its Government counterparts
to ensure effective communications while avoiding duplication of systems and maximizing the use of local telecommunications resources.
• Ensure the implementation of a security communications network and provision of the data services for UN Agencies in support of the humanitarian missions.
Information and Telecommunications
Agency Project US$
WFP / UNICEF
SAEQ-05/CSS05
b, c
Project: Setting up common Information and Telecommunication Services Objectives: • Provision and implementation of common security
telecommunication system; • Provide data connectivity for UN agencies in support of
humanitarian missions to follow; Beneficiaries: UN agencies and NGOs present in the (5-6) selected operational areas Partners: OCHA for ICT coordination services, WFP for security telecommunications, UNICEF for data services. WFP (b) – 1,331,667 UNICEF (c) – 1,864,274
1,331,667
1,864,274
TOTAL 3,195,941
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
23
4.11 SAFETY AND SECURITY Lead: UNDSS 4.11.1 Objectives: • Provide security advice, information and coordination to the disaster relief management; • Manage the counselling unit in Islamabad under the guidance of the Department of Safety and
Security (DSS) Critical Incident Stress Management Unit and of the Field Security Coordination Officer (FSCO) of Pakistan.
Safety and Security
Agency Project US$
UNDSS
SAEQ-05/S01
Project: Reinforcement of safety and security structure and establishment of stress management system Objectives: Reinforcement of safety and security structure a) Field security co-ordination structure:
1. Implement supplementary security procedures to account for disaster relief operations;
2. Establish security liaison with disaster relief teams and provide security support and advice to disaster coordinators.
b) Stress management: 1. To provide stress management services to UN staff in Pakistan; 2. To perform a permanent assessment of the situation of stress
among staff in the country; 3. To follow up on the late onset post traumatic stress cases; 4. To provide training in stress management to all staff deployed in
the region in order to build resilience; 5. To advise the top management on policy matters related to stress
issues. Beneficiaries: This project is targeting UN staff and UN affiliated humanitarian workers deployed in the earthquake region.
1,180,000
TOTAL 1,180,000 4.12 COORDINATION Lead: OCHA 4.12.1 Objectives • Support the relief and early recovery efforts of the Government, the UN, and its partners.
Coordination Agency Project US$
OCHA
SAEQ-05/CSS06
Project Title: Coordination of humanitarian action Objectives: To support the government's relief and recovery efforts, in particular to mobilise and coordinate assessment, planning, implementation, monitoring and reporting; liaise between civil and military constituents in humanitarian action; establish a humanitarian information centre; public information and advocacy, provisions of humanitarian maps, and so forth. Beneficiaries: Government and aid agencies, and ultimately people struck by the disaster. Partners: Government and aid agencies.
4,900,000
UNDP (on behalf of UNDGO)
SAEQ-05/CSS07
Project Title: Support recovery coordination Objectives: Support the RC function; Support to Government for aid coordination, including tracking system; support recovery needs assessment and recovery planning. Partners: Government, OCHA and UN agencies.
2,000,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
24
Coordination
Agency Project US$
UNICEF
SAEQ-05/CSS10
Project Title: Coordination and support services for the earthquake affected areas and for UNICEF Global and Regional response Objectives: To ensure provision of effective coordination, guidance and support on emergency response, advocacy, communication and operations to the earthquake affected areas and to UNICEF’s Global and Regional response. To provide technical support at the regional level for the key programmatic areas including water and sanitation, education, health and nutrition and child protection. To provide support to ongoing monitoring and evaluation of UNICEF-assisted emergency response. Partners: Government, UN agencies, NGOs (international and local) Beneficiaries: Over 4 million people, and particularly children and women, affected by the earthquake.
4,000,000
ISDR
SAEQ-05/CSS08
Project Title: Dissemination of International Best practices on Reconstruction standards, disaster preparedness and Seismic risk reduction Objectives: To provide knowledge on disaster risk reduction standards relevant to seismic risks to the agencies and authorities engaged in Humanitarian and Recovery programmes Partners: UNDP, UNESCO, ADRC, ISDR Asia Partnership, IAP, ACE, Kyoto University, Karachi University.
1,000,000
TOTAL: 11,900,000
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
25
ANNEX I.
TABLE III: REQUIREMENTS, COMMITMENTS/CONTRIBUTIONS AND PLEDGES PER SECTOR
Table III: South Asia Earthquake Flash Appeal 2005
Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Sector as of 25 October 2005 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts
Unmet Requirements Commitments,
Contributions,Revised
RequirementsOriginal
Requirements
Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations Uncommitted
Pledges%
Covered SECTORS
A B C B-C DC/BValue in USD 20,500,000 14,200,000 20,500,000 - - 0%AGRICULTURE
152,555,941 42,980,000 140,012,000 1,157,895 12,543,941 8%COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES 39,000,000 27,000,000 39,000,000 - - 0%ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 29,200,000 14,800,000 28,599,039 -600,961 2%EDUCATION 58,270,000 56,000,000 55,770,000 4,946,357 2,500,000 4%FOOD 61,880,000 34,720,000 51,612,109 2,871,869 10,267,891 17%HEALTH 30,000,000 22,000,000 28,676,585 2,570,694 1,323,415 4%MULTI-SECTOR 20,400,000 10,000,000 20,400,000 - - 0%PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW
- - (37,142,067) 15,881,050 37,142,067 0%SECTOR NOT YET SPECIFIED 1,180,000 1,176,000 1,180,000 - - 0%SECURITY
95,000,000 60,750,000 93,500,000 519,031 1,500,000 2%SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS 41,600,000 28,250,000 39,600,000 -2,000,000 5%WATER AND SANITATION
GRAND TOTAL 549,585,941 311,876,000 481,707,666 27,946,896 67,878,275 12%
the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. Contribution: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Commitment: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). Pledge:
The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 25 October 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).
Note: FTS automatic tables can only show totals per standard CAP sector, not by "cluster".
SOUTH ASIA - EARTHQUAKE
26
ANNEX II.
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
ADB Asian Development Bank CWS Church World Service DSS United Nations Department of Safety and Security DTP Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FSCO Field Security Coordination Officer HIV-AIDS Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus/Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome IFRC International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies ILO International Labour Organization INGO International Non-Governmental Organisation IOM International Organization for Migration IRC International Rescue Committee LHWs Lay Health Workers NGO Non-Governmental Organisation NWFP Northwest Frontier Province OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs ORB Operational Review Board RC Resident Coordinator RSPN Rural Support Programmes Network SRSP Sarhad rural Support programme Td Booster vaccine for Diphtheria UN United Nations UNAIDS United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS UNDGO United Nations Development Group Office UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNFPA United Nations Population Fund UN-HABITAT United Nations Centre for Human Settlements UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UNOPS United Nations Office for Project Services UNV United Nations Volunteers VCT Voluntary Counselling and Testing WFP World Food Programme WHO World Health Organization
OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS (OCHA)
UNITED NATIONS PALAIS DES NATIONS
NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017 1211 GENEVA 10 USA SWITZERLAND
Analyze the Context
Assess Needs
Build Scenarios
Set Goals
Identify Roles &Responsibilities
Plan theResponse
Appeal for Funds
Implement a CoordinatedProgramme
Monitor & Evaluate
Revise the Plan
Report
CH
AP
The Consolidated Appeals Process:an inclusive, coordinated programme cycle in emergencies to:
Human Rights
http://www.humanitar ianappeal.net
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