la biometria entra nell`e-government 6th. convegno, cnipa
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Possible Experiences and Visions in Possible Experiences and Visions in Biometrics as a Contribution for Europe by a Biometrics as a Contribution for Europe by a
German Federal Public Administration AgencyGerman Federal Public Administration Agency
La Biometria entra nell`e-government
6th. Convegno, CNIPA
Federal Office for Information Security (BSI), Germany
Head of Unit „Key Technologies“
Ciclo di convegni di studio CNIPA
Rome, 23. November 2004
Dipl. Mathematician Klaus Keus
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 2
BSI-Biometric projects in the context
of internal / homeland security
Main Background:
In the ‚Anti-Terrorism Act II‘ as of Jan. 09 2002 it is now allowed to integrate biometric data in the German Identification Card (Personalausweis) and in the passport (Reisepass) as well as in ID-doc`s for aliens
The following Biometrics are mentioned in the law: Hand Face Finger
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 3
October 25, 2004, EU decision on biometric passports
25 interior ministers in Luxemburg After technical details are agreed
upon: 18 months for inclusion of face
image in contactless chip on european passports
Further 18 months for inclusion of finger print
Germany will produce biometric passports before the end of 2005
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 4
Relevance of biometrics in Germany (1)
Increased activities of international terrorism requires new mechanisms to guarantee and even increase the security level of inhabitants
Benefit of biometrics for internal security: to check of claimed identities, to reveal secretely kept identities, Examples: credit card misuse, false personal documents,
forged visa.
Strategy: Dialogue with security agencies like BSI and BKA (Federal Criminal
Police Office) to realize possibilities to increase security with the means of biometrics
Targetted & sensible implementation of biometrics in order to increase the security level in Germany
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 5
Relevance of biometrics in Germany (2)
Possible applications:
Secure documents for foreigners (visa, residence certifications) Border control of persons entering the country Secure identification of personal documents (ID-cards & passports) Access control to sensitive areas (official identification card for
public servants)
Crucial: high security & performance, approved level of trust
European & international cooperation
Support of standardization to secure national & international operability
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 6
Projects in the context of internal security
Choice of specific biometric characteristic and technical details requires further legislation!
=> Different Projects set up together with the BKA in order to make recommendations on the ground of large-scale trials
some of the main current BSI-projects:
BioFace
BioRechInt
BioFinger
BioP
ILSE
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 7
BioFace
Objectives: Investigation of Facial Recognition Systems: are FRS sufficient for gov. use?
I: Establishing Image Data Bases and classification of images; approx. 200.000 images; 116 images for identification used; verification with 50.000 images cross-matching
II: test of 3 algorithms, identification and verification; Field Trial with 4 algorithms with 20 persons; access control via identification/watch-list-scenario (august 2002-april 2003)
III: Interferences of reference data; rotation of head; mimic; graphic (e.g. resolution) and photographic (e.g. lighting) interference (july 2003-april 2004)
IV: Morphologic particularities (planned) V: 3-D-field trial (running) VI: Publically available gallery of 300 persons with approx. 70 different
images, analogue to phase III
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 8
BioFinger
Objectives: Set up of a fingerprint database BioFinger I
Influence of different fingerprint sensors/algorithms on template; 11 sensors, 7 algorithms; Finding: crucial influence of used sensor for success of recognition; best performer: optical sensors
Are fingerprint usable for 10 years, regarding the sensors? Tendency: EER increases by factor 1,6 to 2 when using ten year old fingerprint
Development of a General Fingerprint - is CBEFF usable? Finding: CBEFF not usable due to too much differences in templates.
BioFinger II Improvement of the performance when using more than one
fingerprint?; using same data as BioFinger I, same algorithms and sensors
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 9
BioRechInt
Objectives: Current status report on international biometrics applications with set of criteria to assess;Establishing large database with applications, products and test/validation results
Schedule: National report finished 2002 International in 2003, continuation throughout 2004
underway
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 10
BioP - Study
BioP I
Investigation of the performanceof face rec. systems
for the planned implementation in personal documents
Nov. 2002 - Dec. 2003
BioP II
Investigation of the performance of different biometrics identification systems
Nov. 2003 - Nov. 2004
BioBiometrics in PPersonal DocumentsBioP
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 11
BioP I - Results
Facial Recognition is in principle able to perform the task set by ICAO.Facial Recognition is in principle able to perform the task set by ICAO.
Requirements for German Documents (and all MRTDs) Integrating digital storage media New photo guidelines according to ICAO
Requirements for Facial Recognition Systems Improvement of Fake Resistance Optimizing the Algorithms, tuning towards image files vs. Templates Robustness against ageing (research required)
Requirements for the Environment use facial recognition only in human assisted
border control controlled lighting
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 12
BioP II
Objectives:
Based on the knowledge of the other projects on three biometrics including
Performance
Security
Usability and acceptance.
Large-scale fieldtest at Frankfurt Airport to examine the usability of face, finger and iris-recognition biometrics for a large user group (~2000).
Taking into account ICAO-recommendations (e.g. images, RFID-chips, LDS)
Schedule: Nov. 2003 - Nov. 2004
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 13
Analysis
Comparison of 3 different biometrics Comparison of 2 different fingerprint systems Comparison of different reference data (images ICAO vs.
proprietary template) Evaluation of performance
● FTE, FRR, FAR● Illustration
● Genuine-imposter-frequency diagrams● FAR-FRR-diagrams● ROC-curves
Fake-Resistance● life-recognition● zero-effort-attempts
ICAO-recommendations: LDS and images
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 14
First Trends
General High complexity of a large field-trial in terms of technical,
administrative and legal aspects Communication with users and transparency crucial Communication with data protection officer and working council
most relevant; high strategic relevance for companies
Details Enrolment most relevant
Quality of the reference data and constant lightning conditions
Usability depending on system design and configuration Sensor, time, feedback (transparency)
Acceptance dependent on personal favourites
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 15
Interface BioP II ILSE
BioP IIBiometrics in Personaldocuments
ILSEICAO LDS and Security Evaluation
ICAO-conformedData structures
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 16
Goal• Design and implementation of an interoperable
e-Passport solution● Analysis and concretion of the corresponding
ICAO documents
Methodology • Study the ICAO documents and try to use them
for an implementation• Identify inconsistencies, inexactness and flaws • Report the results to the standardization body
Project ILSE“ICAO LDS and Security Evaluation”
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 17
Results• Essential contributions to the recent ICAO specifications
● LDS Report v1.7● PKI Report v1.0
• Interoperable e-Passport samples from Bundesdruckerei and Giesecke & Devrient
• “Golden Reader Tool” implemented by secunet
The “Essen Group”• Joint approach between NL, UK and D targeted on next
generation e-Passports● First meeting on 26.01.2004 in Essen● Participants from official institutions and companies
• Definition of common reference data “Silver Data Set”• Interoperable e-Passport samples among NL, UK and D
based on the “Silver Data Set”• Presentation of the results during the international
e-Passport testing in Morgantown, USA (07/2004)
ILSEResults and Cooperations
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 18
BSI Lab for Biometrics: Main Task Areas
Vulnerability Analysis• Verification / Identification as „other“ person• Enrolment under new, changed Identity • „Denial of Service“
Useability of biometric systems
Analysis of Performance• FAR• FRR• impact of special environment and operational conditions
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 19
Reports for Projects in Biometrics
• Report BioP I available now (German / Engl.): http://www.bsi.bund.de/literat/studien/biop/index.htm• Report BioP II available: 1. Q 2005
• Report BioFace I/II available now German / Engl.): http://www.bsi.bund.de/literat/studien/bioface/index.htm• Report BioFace III available 1. Q. 2005 (German / Engl.)
• Report BioFinger I available now (German, Engl.in preparation): http://www.bsi.bund.de/literat/studien/biofinger/index.htm• Report BioFinger II available: 2. Q. 2005
Klaus Keus 23.11.2004 Folie 20
Contact
Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (BSI)
Dipl. Math. Klaus KeusHead of Unit „Key Technologies“
Godesberger Allee 185-18953175 Bonn
Tel: +49 (0)1888-9582-141Fax: +49 (0)1888-9582-90-141Klaus.Keus@bsi.bund.de
www.bsi.bund.de
Thank you very much for your attention
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