early civilizations of ancient india

The Harappan Civilization

3300 BCE - 2400 BCE

CitadelOf

Mohenjo-Daro

Aerial View of Mohenjo-Daro

Wide View, Mohenjo-Daro

The Great Bath, Mohenjo-Daro

Bath Area, Mohenjo-Daro

Aryan Migration

pastoral depended on their cattle.

warriors horse-drawn chariots.

Varna (Social Hierarchy)

Shudras

Vaishyas

Kshatriyas

Pariahs [Harijan] Untouchables

Brahmins

The Caste System

The mouth? The arms? The legs? The feet?

WHO IS…

Brahmins

Kshatriyas

Vaishyas

Shudras

Sanskrit

writing

Gupta Empire: 320 CE – 647 CE

Gupta Rulers Chandra Gupta I

r. 320 – 335 “Great King of

Kings” Chandra Gupta II

r. 375 – 415 Profitable trade with

the Mediterranean world!

Hindu revival. Huns invade – 450 CE

International Trade Routes during the

Guptas

Extensive Trade:4c

spices

spices

gold & ivory

gold & ivory

rice & wheathorses

cotton goods

cotton goodssilks

Medicine Literature

MathematicsAstronomy

Printedmedicinal

guides

1000 diseasesclassified

PlasticSurgery

C-sectionsperforme

d

Inoculations

500 healingplants

identified

DecimalSystem

Conceptof Zero

PI = 3.1416

Kalidasa

SolarCalendar

The earth

is round

GuptaIndia

Gupta Achievement

sKama Sutra

The World in 1600

British East India Company

1600-1857

1-E

•A money making venture.

•Trading in cotton, silk, indigo dye, salt, saltpeter, tea and opium.

British East India Company Agents

1-E

Sepoy soldiers

1-F

• Strong beliefs in the caste system

• Made up of Muslims and Hindus

Many would be given land and titles because of their caste level

Road to revolution Outlawing Suttee

(sati)

Fighting the Thuggees

The Final Straw

The Sepoy Mutiny: 1857

2-A

Areas of the Sepoy Mutiny,

1857

A Lifeof

Leisure!

Lady Curzon, 1904

Living Like a Maharajah

Darjeeling Railroad, 1880s

Railroad

the Indian National Congress 1885 The Indian National

Congress was founded in Bombay.

swaraj “independence.” * the goal of the movement.

the Muslim League 1905 partition of Bengal based on religions and languages.

1906 creation of the Muslim League.

Amritsar Massacre, 1919

379 dead; over 1200 wounded!

Gandhi spinning cloth

Indian weaving was ruined by the competition of British machine-made

textiles!

Partition!

Pakistan and India Conflict

Border problems

Jawarlal Nehru Ally of Gandhi. 1st Prime Minister

of India, 1947-1964.

Advocated Industrialization.

Promoted “Green Revolution”.

Mixed Economy. Nonaligned

Movement.

Non-Alignment Movement

The “mix” refers to private and

public ownership. Foreign aid and foreign investment are crucial.

Urban areas have high-tech companies.

Three quarters of the population are farmers living in small villages.

India's "Green Revolution" allowed farmers to triple their crop by using modern science and technology.

India’s “mixed economy”

India’s “Green Revolution”

Introducing higher-yielding varieties of seeds in 1965.

Increased use of fertilizers & irrigation.

GOAL make India self-sufficient in food grains.

Overpopulation 1 billion & climbing.

Economic development. Hindu-Muslim tensions. Gender issues dowry killings. Caste bias discrimination against untouchables continues.

The Kashmir dispute and nuclear

weapons. Political assassinations.

Major problems & Issues

in india today

Tamil Separatism:The “tamil tigers”

Is the dream gone?

Economic development. Political instability/military dictatorship.

Hindu-Muslim tensions. Gender issues honor killings.

Terrorism. The Kashmir dispute and nuclear weapons.

Major problems & Issues

in Pakistan today

What title would you give this political cartoon?

The India-Pakistan Arms Race Heats Up in the Late

1990s

2002 Nuclear Statistics

Is this a possibility?

Issues Facing Modern India

Dharavi area of Mumbai

.67 sq miles with a population over 1 million

1.2 billion people