EARLY MAN AND ANCIENT

CIVILIZATIONS

EAST AFRICA: 200,000 YRS OLD

EUROPE (SPAIN): 1 – 2 MILLION YRS

Discovered by Donald Johanson and Tom Gray in 1974 at Hadar in Ethiopia

Its age is about 3.2 million years.

Lucy was an adult female of about 25 years and was assigned to the species Australopithecus afarensis.

About 40% of her skeleton was found, and her pelvis, femur (the upper leg bone) and tibia show her to have been bipedal, although there is evidence that afarensis was also partly arboreal (tree-dwelling).

She was about 107 cm (3'6") tall (small for her species) and about 28 kg (62 lbs) in weight.

LUCY

The Iceman's Last Meal

The meal was a simple affair, consisting of a bit of unleavened bread made of einkorn wheat, one of the few domesticated grains used in the Iceman's part of the world at this time, some other plant, possibly an herb or other green, and meat.

WHAT IS CIVILIZED?

FERTILE CRESCENT

1.SHAPE OF AREA2.RICH SOILS FOR LARGE CROPS3.BIRTHPLACE OF CIVILIZATION

1. DEVEOPMENT OF CITIES

Mesopotamia:Tigris and Euphrates River

Egyptians:

Nile River

2. ORGANIZED GOVERNMENT

1st led by MONARCHS who organized armies and enacted laws.

3. RELIGION

Explained the nature and existence of the world.

Many rulers claimed divinity.

4. ESTABLISHED SOCIAL STRUCTURES

Rulers/priests/officials/warriors

Farmers/traders/artisans

Slaves/Servants

5. WRITING

3 Types

1. Hieroglyphics

2. Cuneiform

3. Phoenician alphabet

6. ART AND CULTURE

Do we still express our art in the same way?

__ 1. the keeping of animals andthe growing of food on aregular basis

__ 2. the way of life a peoplefollows

__ 3. adaptation for human use__ 4. a skilled craftsperson who

makes products such asweapons and jewelry

__ 5. a king or queen who rules a kingdom

A. artisanB. cultureC. domesticationD. monarchE. systematic

agriculture

Define Match each definition in the left column with the appropriate term in the right column.

E

B

CA

D

Checking for Understanding

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