a hypothetical estimation of emission reductions in a biomass power plant project dr. oscar coto ii...
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A hypothetical estimation of emission reductions in a
biomass power plant project
Dr. Oscar Coto
II National CDM Workshop
Belize
August 2011
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General description of the project
• Electricity generation using rice husk that otherwise would have been burned in open sky non controlled combustion.
• Construction and operation of a new 20 MW with an energy conversion efficiency of 30%.
• Plant is scheduled to enter into operation on January 1st 2012.
• Estimated electricity generation of 147,627 MWh/year equivalent to 531 TJ/year.
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• Rice husk has a calorific value of 0.013 TJ/ton rice husk.
• Area of influence of the project produces around 0.9 million tons of rice husk per year and only 0.3 million tons are currently used for other uses in the area.
• Boilers are going to be using supplemental fuel oil at a rate of 6 m3 per start of the boilers during an estimated 5 times a year.
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• It is estimated that 15 ton diesel operated trucks are going to movilize the rice husk on trips that will average 120 km round trip for each trip.
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Basic data
• Emission factor of the electricity grid is 0,5 t CO2/MWh.
• Emission factor of the diesel trucks transporting the rice husk is 0,001097 t CO2/km.
• Density of fuel oil is 890 kg/m3.• Calorific value of the fuel oil is 0,0402 TJ/t.• The CO2 content of the fuel oil is 75,96 t CO2/ TJ• GWP of methane is 21 times that of CO2. • TJ represents 1012 J
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Some basic questions to answer
• Quantity of energy to be supplied by the rice husk to the boilers in TJ/year?
• Amount of rice husk that will need to be supplied to the power plant in tons?
• Fraction of the available rice husk available in the area that will be used by the project?
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• Make a diagram of the boundaries of the project?
• Which types of sources and types of greenhouse gases should be considered for the purpose of emission reduction estimates?
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• Estimate emissions of the baseline?
• Estimate project emissions?• Estimate leakage emissions?• Estimate emissions reduction on a
per year basis?• If the crediting period is 10 years
under the CDM what is the expected total emissions reductions for the project?
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1. Quantity of energy to be supplied by the rice husk to the boilers in
TJ/year?
• 531 TJ-year/0.3 = 1,770 TJ/year of energy in the rice husk to be supplied to the power plant.
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2. Amount of rice husk that will need to be
supplied to the power plant in tons
• Amount of energy supplied by rice husk / calorific value of the rice husk
• 1,770 TJ/ year x 1/0.013 TJ/ton
• 136,153 tons of rice husk
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3. Fraction of the available rice husk in the area that will be used by
the project?
• Available biomass in the area = 0.9 million ton (produced) – 0.3 million tons (currently being used by other users) = 0.6 millions tons rice husk available
• Fraction = 136,153 tons / 600,000
• Fraction = 22.69% meaning that …
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4. Make a diagram of the boundaries of the project
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5. Which types of sources and types of greenhouse
gases should be considered for the purpose of emission
reduction estimates?• Baseline: grid emissions• Project: combustion of diesel oil in the
transportation trucks, combustion of fuel oil during boiler start ups
• Leakage: please discuss?• Which are the types of GHG involved in
each of the sources?
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6. Estimate emissions of the baseline?
• BLE= Electricity generated x grid emission factor
• BLE = 146,627 MWh/year x 0.5 ton CO2/MWh
• BLE = 73.313 ton CO2/year
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7. Estimate project emissions?
• Transportation• PET = Amount of km travelled by trucks
x fuel emission factor of the combustion of diesel in those trucks
• Amount of km travelled = tons of biomass to be moved / truck capacity x average travel distance per round trip
• Amount of Km travelled = 136,153 / 15 x 120
• Amount of km travelled = 1,089,224 km
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• PET = 1,089,224 km x 0,001097 t CO2/km
• PET = 1,194.8 ton CO2/year • Auxiliary fuel oil use• PEAF = Amount of fuel oil used
per year x emission factor of the combustion of fuel oil
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• Amount of fuel oil used = 6 m3 x 5 = 30 m3 of fuel oil per year
• Amount of fuel oil = 30 m3 x 890 kg/m3 / 1000 = 26.7 tons of fuel oil/year
• Equivalent to 26.7 tons x 0.0402 TJ/ton = 1.07 TJ/year
• PEAF = 1.07 TJ /year x 75.96 ton CO2 /TJ• PEAF = 81.27 ton CO2/year
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• Project Emissions (PE)• PE = PET + PEAF• PE = 1,194.8 ton CO2/year +
81.27 ton CO2/year
• PE = 1.276 ton CO2 / year
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8. Estimate leakage emissions?
• LE = ?
•0
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9. Estimate emissions reduction on a per year
basis?Emissions reductions (ER) =
Baseline emissions (BLE) –
Project emissions (PE) –
Leakage emissions (LE)
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• ER = 73,313 tons CO2/year – 1.276 ton CO2/year – 0
• ER = 72,037 ton CO2/year
• Over 10 years would amount to 720,370 tons CO2