6.2 thinking: the good issue
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6.2 THINKINGA BRIEF ON: INNOVATION // TECHNOLOGY // CULTURE
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Ben RennieCo-Founder/EditorPartner/Director 6.2 || an innovation lab@benrennie
Tim [email protected]@timstock
Paul BreenPartner/Director6.2 || an innovation lab
Glenn ChandlerCo-Founder/CreativeOwner – Seek&Design
Sally [email protected]@sallyrhill
Courtney van der WeydenDigital Content Manager@unclutteredwhitespaces
Marie Lena [email protected]@mtupot
David Gillespiecollectorsed.com@davidgillespie
Dan Solonerdi.com
Ryan Jacobyryanjacoby.com@jacobyryan
Paul Voulas nerdi.com
Leila HibriBusiness & Brand Strategy
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For our first ever purpose built iPad report,
we have chosen to focus on the concept of
Good. We all know that good – like sexy – is
in the eye of the beholder. Most executives
think they know good (be it a good idea,
good person, good anything) when they
see it. Across our shifting planet, fast
starters, tech companies and industry after
industry, good ideas (or just good for the
sake of good) are playing a disruptive role in
shaping competition.
When throwing around the title and theme
for this issue, we could not avoid the word
good. From a generational perspective, I hear
Gen-Yers painfully debate the importance of
“good”, social justice, social innovation and
base the foundations of modern movements
around good. Good at least in the eye of the
beholder.
They are right though to bring good into
the conversation as a core competence for
new business, or existing for that matter.
In this issue, Marie Luna Tupot and Tim
Stock challenge the foundations of good,
whilst Sally Hill argues for the rise of social
good and sustainability as a mainstream
behaviour. Dan Solo urges the world to
rethink education and places good at the
heart of the overhaul. His “Said Beastie”
partly responsible (email Dan for more info
on Said Beastie here).
To me, good is simply something worth
pursuing.
Andrew Denton stated that: “All he ever looks for is a good idea that flies true”. So as good takes shape as new business
models around cleantech, hydrotech, self-
driving cars, augmented reality, micro
currencies and big fat data, let’s do so with a
constant consideration for human impacts.
It’s all too easy to get caught up in the idea
and the execution before we have even
stepped out into the future.
So before we do, let’s make sure our good
ideas, are good ideas that fly true.
Welcome to our good issue. Enjoy
Ben Rennie
FROM THE EDITOR
Editor & Founder of uncluttered white spaces
On Twitter: @benrennie
BY: BEN RENNIE
01
It always amuses me when someone feels
the need to tell me that they are honest,
trustworthy and a person of their word.
Even more so when they use phrases like “to
be completely honest with you,” (what, you
weren’t before??) or, “you can trust me, I’m a
fair guy”. These types of “assurances” don’t
fill me with confidence – in fact they are more
likely to arouse suspicion because if they are
true then they shouldn’t need to be said at all.
Maybe I’m old fashioned (or been burnt too
many times) but I put much greater stock in a
person’s actions over their words – especially
when it has been demonstrated by consistent
behaviour over a long period of time.
This got me thinking about how important
ethics and integrity are, not only in business,
but in life generally. I remembering reading
a book entitled “The Power of Ethical
Management” by Ken Blanchard & Norman
Vincent Peale which provided a three point
ethics check which can be applied to any
decision you take. The questions were:
Is it legal?
Is it balanced?
How will it make me feel about myself?
These are great questions that cut through
the noise (and grey areas) to get to the heart
of ethical behaviour.
Is it legal? This seems to be a basic
question, but it is more than just about
“breaking the law” – it also includes the
need to operate within agreed company
policy and not to do anything that is
improper, illegal or immoral that could
harm or embarrass the company. If you can’t
answer yes to this question then there is no
point in considering the next two questions.
Is it balanced? Or more importantly – is it
fair? Actions that result in one party winning
big and the other losing big invariably cause
problems later – especially if it is a regular
occurrence. Trust is eroded and it will
become harder to do business in the future.
It is better to ensure that both parties do
“ok” from any deal. This doesn’t mean you
can’t be tough, negotiate hard and demand
superior performance from everyone you
deal with. You can and you should. What you
must do, however, is leave some “meat on
the bone” for those relationships that are
important to you now and in the future. If
they don’t prosper, then neither may you.
How will it make me feel about myself?
Would I be proud or ashamed? Would I tell
my spouse or kids about it (without sugar-
coating the facts)? Would I like to see it
on the evening news? These are sobering
questions that are perhaps best summed
up by the old Chinese proverb, “a clear
conscience never fears a midnight knock
at the door”.
Getting three “yeses” is a tough assignment
but a fabulous way to do business. Ethical
businesses do better and last longer
than unethical businesses – that should
be reason enough to act ethically. Some
businesses ignore this, however, and choose
a different path, perhaps looking for a short
cut to success. There aren’t many of those
unfortunately.
The problem is that you can’t undo history
and “unethical” actions taken years ago
will be remembered by someone out there
(regulators, competitors etc.) even if you
thought it was forgotten. Just hope that they
don’t have the means and the will to hold
you accountable for them in the future…
Paul Breen
Paul BreenPartner/Director
6.2 || an innovation lab
THERE’S ONLY ONE WAY TO DO BUSINESS – ETHICALLYBY PAUL BREEN
CULTURE
02
CAUSE.IT: REWARDING VOLUNTEERS AN APP THAT HELPS MORE PEOPLE DO GOOD IN THEIR COMMUNITY.
INNOVATION
VIEW LINK: HTTP://WWW.CAUSE.IT
05
Cause.it is a new smartphone app designed
to link nonprofits with businesses and
people to drive good within the community.
It enables volunteers to be rewarded with
tangible products from local businesses for
the work they complete with nonprofits.
Socially-minded consumers download the app
and sign up for causes that either require them
to ‘say’ (spread the message about a cause
via social media), or ‘do’ (volunteer their time
and effort to a project). They are then rewarded
through the accumulation of points that can
be redeemed at partnering local businesses.
These participating businesses gain fresh
goodwill, extra business opportunities and
improved image and branding.
Participating businesses also receive a
monthly report on which specific causes
have helped drive business so they can better
identify what causes to align with in the future.
This means, for the first time cause-related
marketing has metrics.
This idea is similar in nature to that of a
marketing initiative by Danish chocolate brand
Anthon Berg. A pop-up store, open for one
day only, allowed people to buy products with
the promise of doing a good deed as their
currency. Goods were priced with over 30
different deeds including ‘serve breakfast in
bed to your loved one’ in order to encourage
people to be more generous to each other.
This tied in with the company slogan ‘You can
never be too generous.’
Customers were required to pledge their
good deed to a friend or family member on
Facebook from the store’s iPads as proof of
their intention to follow through. Take a look
at the video: HTTP://BIT.LY/IKL6TC
VOLUNTEERS ARE REWARDED WITH TANGIBLE GOODS FROM LOCAL BUSINESSES FOR WORK COMPLETED WITH NONPROFITS.
INSIGHT >>Leveraging technology to provide value is not new. The concept
of creating platforms as new business channels is a smart way to
create an online resource to grow your community.
The consumption of energy is something we
can’t physically see, but now it’s possible for
us to visualise how much we’re using versus
Facebook friends or foes. Opower and the
NRDC (National Resources Defense Council)
have developed a customer engagement app
that allows users to engage in friendly energy
consumption competition on Facebook.
Sixteen energy companies across the
United States are participating with this
app. The 20 million households serviced by
the participating utilities are able to use the
‘Utility Connect’ feature of the app, which
uploads their comparative energy usage
figures to Facebook. However, other Facebook
users can still access the app. Where usage
data is unavailable, the app can estimate
usage based on a series of questions.
Users can compare their electricity usage
with friends or average households across
the country. They can also compare results
with the top 20 per cent of efficient homes.
The 16 participating energy companies can
set up their own energy saving challenges,
and it is expected that brands will soon
join the competition, offering prizes as
incentives. Users can also upload energy
saving tips and hints.
1 IN 6 AMERICANS ARE ABLE TO ACCESS THEIR PERSONAL ENERGY USAGE STATISTICS.
What differentiates this from other apps
that have tried and failed in the past is
the involvement of the energy utilities and
how this information is portrayed to users.
Opower has reinvented the way utilities
interact with customers. By partnering with
Facebook, Opower has immediate access to
Facebook’s 800 million plus users.
INSIGHT >>This presents an opportunity for all businesses. With the
collaboration of social networks and technology, business can
create business opportunities out of transparency and create
a whole new network of customers.
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY USING SOCIAL MEDIACOMPETE WITH FRIENDS FOR ENERGY SAVINGS ON FACEBOOK.
VIEW LINK: HTTP://OPOWER.COM/
INNOVATION
06
ECOATM IS SOLVING THE LARGE PROBLEM OF E-WASTERECYCLING A MOBILE PHONE AS EASY AS CASHING A CHEQUE.
EcoATM has designed and launched a kiosk
that offers a unique twist on the traditional
role of ATMs. The self-service ATM gives
people cash in return for depositing
unwanted mobile phones in what is a quick
and simple process.
The machines, currently only located on the
west coast of America, are equipped with
cameras and artificial intelligence to determine
the device’s model and worth. The price is
based on a worldwide search for the best
price of used mobiles and parts. Personal
information is collected and the seller’s driver’s
license is scanned to deter fraud and theft.
The machine rewards you with on-the-spot
cash and asks if you would like to donate some,
or all, of the money to a charity.
In the year 2000 alone, more than 4.6 million
tonnes of e-waste were sent straight to landfill.
It is here that they release harmful toxins
such as mercury, lead and arsenic. Each year
100 million phones are thrown out, or left in a
cupboard or drawer never to be used again.
EcoATM sells the phones and mp3 players on
the global market for used goods, or ensures
they are recycled at an eco-friendly smelting
facility. A much better alternative to throwing
away.
IN THE YEAR 2000 ALONE, MORE THAN 4.6 MILLION TONNES OF E-WASTE WERE SENT STRAIGHT TO LANDFILL.
INSIGHT >>Leveraging new technology to create platforms for good. This
is another example of removing steps in any process. The
more steps businesses can remove from start to finish of any
transaction or use, the better.
VIEW LINK: HTTP://WWW.ECOATM.COM/
TECHNOLOGY
07
WE ARE MOVING AT THE SAME SPEED YET WE ARE DOING IT FASTER.
INNOVATION
The other day I saw a great quote from Larry
King. He said, “A year ago, if you had told
me I’d be re-tweeting Justin Bieber, I’d have
said ‘I’ll be doing what to who?’” The rate of
change, the sheer pace of it all seems to be
getting ever faster. If you compare the time it
took the humble television to reach 50 million
people to the time it took Facebook to reach
50 million people (13 years versus 2 in case
you’re interested), you can be left with only
one conclusion: that things move much, much
faster these days than they did before. Which
is in equal parts right and wrong, depending
on your perspective.
The thing missing from the last 50 years
to suggest we’re actually operating at a
faster pace is evidence of dramatic human
evolution to not only keep up with, but cope
with how different things are since Ed Sullivan
became synonymous with entertainment via
the TV. We’re largely the same animals we
were hundreds of years ago, let alone what
constituted “us” a few decades before.
What has gone are the silos, the endless echo
chambers and wells that ideas, culture and
to a large extent people dwelled within. The
web has tunnelled between them allowing a
more rapid pace of change in society, not by
enlarging our brains, but by circumventing
the natural world’s way of keeping us from
mental overload – physical distance from one
another. In a world where I can be as aware
of the ‘craze of the week’ among Brooklyn
hipsters as I am of the latest fashion trends in
Harajuku, what we’ve lost is the ability for an
idea to have an artificial longevity via the time
it takes to travel from one place to another.
There are two ways to frame this change. One
is entrepreneur Seth Godin’s who argues the
only important part of having an idea is that
it spreads, and that it is no good to you if it
doesn’t get taken up by someone else. With
this point of view, there’s no bad in the new
way we live and work.
The other way to look at it is unbridled
negativity – that the faster movement of
information between two points is actually
detrimental when it can’t be controlled.
This point of view is generally taken up only
by those who have a vested interest in the
control of information between two points –
usually government or big business; the music
industry immediately springs to mind.
For the average person on the street, however,
it is hard to see this as a bad thing. What it
does mean is the half-life of an idea has been
dramatically shortened. We don’t tire of an
idea any faster than we used to; we just get it
at the same time as everyone else – and can
then get it any time we want after that.
All this is only a problem for businesses built
around the control of information. For them,
right now is as easy as it is ever going to get.
09
by David Gillespiecollectorsed.com
Social media and various forms of digital
platforms allow people to connect and share
information from all over the world. They
enable people with common interests to
unite. However, as this information can come
from anywhere and be stored anywhere it
becomes diluted and hard to locate.
Ideo.org has designed a new platform,
HCD Connect, funded by the Bill and
Melinda Gates Foundation. HCD Connect
is a platform that brings together people,
social enterprises and nonprofits working
with low-income communities to share
experiences and resources. It acts as a
method for sharing stories and creates
collaboration opportunities.
ASSISTS WITH THE CREATION OF NEW SOLUTIONS TO DESIGN CHALLENGES FOR SOCIAL ENTERPRISES OR NONPROFITS THAT WORK WITH LOW-INCOME COMMUNITIES.
Human-centred design (HCD) has been
used for decades to create new design
solutions to better meet the needs of the
communities they are designing for. HCD
uses a combination of techniques, such as
close listening, empathy, and observation to
design the most appropriate solutions.
HCD Connect also offers the HCD Toolkit,
which can be downloaded for free, or
purchased as a hard copy. The toolkit
ensures the correct questions are asked,
assists in building prototypes and provides
tips on how to conduct workshops. It
is designed to increase the speed and
effectiveness in implementing solutions that
directly impact these communities. The kit
walks users through the HCD processes and
supports them in the activities.
INSIGHT >>IDEO have created a product that’s free to the world based on
their own IP. Good ideas are only valuable if being put to use.
There is real power in sharing and transparency. Create more
than you capture, and it will come flooding back to you.
LEARN AND CONNECT WITH HUMAN-CENTRED DESIGN SHARING STORIES AND CREATING COLLABORATION.
HTTP://WWW.HCDCONNECT.ORG/
CULTURE
10
LOST AND FOUND: SALVAGING MEMORIES OF THE 2011 TSUNAMI COLLECTING AND RESTORING MISSING PHOTOGRAPHS
On March 11, 2011 Japan was forever
changed by the tsunami that swept away
homes and infrastructure, and claimed
over 20,000 lives. It left in its wake a sea of
destruction and waste.
During the mammoth cleanup effort in the small
town of Yamamoto, 750,000 photographs were
found and stored at the Tohoku elementary
school. Two months after the tsunami, a group
called the Memory Salvage Project was formed.
The group’s mission was to restore these lost
photographs and return them to their owners
where possible. The photos that could be saved
were cleaned and digitalised by the many
volunteers that came from all over Japan.
Researchers from the Japan Society for Socio-
Information Studies created the group that
was made up entirely of volunteers. Through
the power of social media, such as Twitter and
Facebook, the Memory Salvage Project was
able to recruit volunteers with necessary skills,
such as restorers and photographers.
680 photo albums and 12,000 photos have
been returned to their owners using the
data that took three months to build. Those
that couldn’t be returned are featured in
a travelling exhibition, Lost & Found: 3.11
Photographs from Tohoku, which has been
shown in Tokyo, Los Angeles and most recently
New York. Proceeds from the exhibition are
donated to those still living in temporary
shelters in Yamamoto.
“ These photographs draw us into their
presence and make us become aware of
their silent voices. This awareness is very
important for us who are living now and will
continue to live into the future.”
(from http://lostandfound311.jp/en/)
680 PHOTO ALBUMS AND 12,000 PHOTOS HAVE BEEN RETURNED TO THEIR OWNERS USING THE DATA THAT TOOK THREE MONTHS TO BUILD.
VIEW LINK: HTTP://LOSTANDFOUND311.JP/EN/
CULTURE
11
HOLLYWOOD GETS A GREEN MAKEOVER PRODUCT PLACEMENT FOR PRODUCTS WITH AN ETHICAL AGENDA.
CULTURE
VIEW LINK: HTTP://WWW.GREENPRODUCTPLACEMENT.COM/US/
Some people have a conscience when
they shop. They look for products that are
environmentally friendly, sustainable and
cruelty free. There is no reason why movie
and television characters shouldn’t mirror
what people do in the real world. These
fictional characters should care about the
products they buy too.
Experienced set designer Beth Bell has
teamed up with co-worker Lisa Dietrich to
create Green Product Placement. The company
is the first to promote the use of sustainable
products on the sets of Hollywood TV shows
and movies.
Green Product Placement sources products
that meet strict criteria. They must be
sustainable, charitable, ethical or organic.
Examples of brands they have worked with
in the past include; Applegate Farms, Full
Circle Cleaning Products, Peacekeeper Cause-
metics’ Philanthropic Make-Up, and Sloop
Betty’s Organic Vodka.
Bell states that the exposure these products
gain has a “cumulative effect” that can
ultimately “help viewers recognize them as a
normal brand, and not a fringe one”. It also
has great storytelling abilities as these types
of products complement certain characters
and storylines.
The products so far have appeared on
HBO’s Enlightened, Veep and Netflix’s
House of Cards.
“ BRANDS EXIST IN REAL LIFE, SO THEY SHOULD EXIST IN FICTIONAL LIFE AND REALITY SHOWS TOO.” BETH BELL.
13
Geo Fair Trade is developing ways to bridge
the emotional and geographical gaps
between producers and consumers of fair
trade goods.
Imagine being able to instantly connect with
the producers of your ethical goods. In the near
future this won’t be a figment of your imagination
but a reality. You simply run your smart phone
over the QR code found on the packaging.
Your screen will then display the location of the
product’s co-op, information about the growers,
their fair trade credentials and the contribution
purchasing that product will have on their local
community. From your local supermarket you
will be teleported miles away to a fair trade
region.
150 delegates who gathered at Liverpool Hope
University for the fourth Fair Trade International
Symposium in April were presented with this
scenario. Geo Fair Trade is currently establishing
ways to use geo-tracing (GPS technology) to
create a unique form of storytelling for fair
traders to potential consumers.
This information will clearly visualise the
impact purchasing these products will have on
their organisation, family and community and
influence the consumer to purchase their item
over cheaper options.
INSIGHT >>Again, organisations using transparency as a key business
tool. Effecting purchasing habits based on clear honest facts.
MAKING AN ETHICAL CHOICE JUST GOT EVEN EASIERVISIT COOPERATIVES ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD WITH YOUR MOBILE.
VIEW LINK: HTTP://WWW.GEOFAIRTRADE.EU/
TECHNOLOGY
14
Buy Tickets
sydney.thefailcon.com
Be inspired by some of Australia’s most successful failures.
June 7, 2012 – Museum of Contemporary Arts, Sydney
BARBIE GOES BALD FOR A GOOD CAUSE WELL KNOWN BRANDS HELPING KIDS COPE WITH CANCER.
CULTURE
VIEW LINK: HTTP://ON.FB.ME/JHN8IT
17
Barbie has morphed and adopted many
looks over the past 53 years since her
explosion onto the market. This year Barbie
is going bald.
Mattel has responded to the overwhelming
support for Facebook page ‘Beautiful and
Bald Barbie’ that received well over 1,000
likes in the first few hours of going live.
The aim of the Facebook page was to gather
support to convince Mattel to produce a bald
Barbie. The creators of the page felt that a
bald Barbie could help girls cope with hair
loss due to cancer treatments, alopecia or
trichotillomania, and reduce the stigma
attached to bald women.
The bald Barbie will be launched in 2013.
The 10,000 limited edition dolls will not be
available in retail stores, but distributed
to hospitals and centres throughout the
U.S that specialise in treating cancer
patients, and to the National Alopecia Areata
Foundation.
Becki Sypin, mother of a young daughter
with leukemia, and co-founder of the
Facebook group, approached Mattel
about the idea of creating a hairless doll.
Mattel initially declined, although they had
previously made one bald Barbie for a child
with cancer in New York. Mattel’s initial
response to Sypin’s request, stated that they
did not accept ideas from third parties. It
appears they have had a change of heart,
due to the overwhelming response to the
Facebook page.
In February, competitors MGA Entertainment
announced the launch of a series of hairless
‘True Hope’ Bratz Dolls for commercial sale
through Toys R’Us, available in June. For
every doll sold, $1 will be donated to the
City of Hope cancer organisation. Inspired
by the actions of the group, a bald G.I. Joe
Movement has also started.
MATTEL HAS RESPONDED TO THE OVERWHELMING SUPPORT FOR FACEBOOK PAGE ‘BEAUTIFUL AND BALD BARBIE’ THAT RECEIVED WELL OVER 1,000 LIKES IN THE FIRST FEW HOURS OF GOING LIVE.
INSIGHT >>Leveraging brand activation as a call to action is a powerful collaboration.
In the States, those living on campus get
‘food swipes’, a system where students
swipe a prepaid card to pay for their food.
At the end of the academic quarter, many
are left with a large accumulation of unused
swipes. There is either a manic rush to
redeem as much food as possible before
the holiday break, or students are given the
option to help alleviate the suffering of the
homeless.
Swipes for the Homeless was established in
2009, and is recognised as an official group at
the UCLA. Their mission is to combat hunger
on the streets of LA and educate other students
about a real issue within their community.
According to CEO and founder Bryan Pezeshki,
“ STUDENTS DON’T JUST DONATE THE MEALS TO US. WHILE THEY’RE DONATING, WE GIVE THEM INFORMATION ABOUT DIFFERENT WAYS THAT THEY CAN GET INVOLVED BOTH ON AND OFF CAMPUS.”
The donated food is taken to homeless shelters
and to those who live on the streets.
Swipes for the Homeless has donated over
20,000 pounds of left over food and has spread
the good word to other universities who have
followed suit.
INSIGHT >>Combining education with activation to solve real world
problems. The problem with not for profits is not the cause or
the energy to solve the problem, it is the clear knowledge for
the consumer around the problem. Education solves that fast.
FOOD SWIPES FOR THE HOMELESS STUDENTS AT UCLA DONATE FOOD AND TIME TO HELP THE HOMELESS.
VIEW LINK: HTTP://SWIPESFORTHEHOMELESS.ORG/
CULTURE
18
APP HELPS KIDS WITH AUTISM COMMUNICATE A COMMUNICATION TOOL FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM.
An older brother of a young boy with autism
has created AutisMate, an iPad app that acts
as a communication and therapy tool. Creator
Jonathan Izak found a gap in the market, as
previous apps designed for children with autism
required too much navigation.
The app allows the user to add their own
personal pictures, videos and voice recordings
to create visual scenes that help promote social
skills, functional skills and communication.
GPS technology is also used to present scenes
and images that align to the current location
of the user. If the user is at home, an image of
their kitchen may be displayed. By clicking on
the circle on the fridge in the kitchen, the user
will be shown what items are inside and can then
communicate what they would like to eat.
Multiple phrases and words can be attached to
symbols to promote generalisation.
The app is easy to use and understand and
comes with in-app customer support.
HTTP://WWW.AUTISMATE.COM/
TECHNOLOGY
19
GOOD IS NOT GOOD ENOUGHGood: a benefit; having desirable or positive
qualities. According to the Oxford Dictionary,
good is the most commonly used adjective in
the English language.
However, given that the definition of a word
is descriptive, not prescriptive, its meaning
at any given point in time is vast -- running
the gamut from an ideal to “not so great. It’s
good.” So what do we want it to mean when
we convey good?
We fear the context of the word has shifted
away from human intent. Using the word
nowadays has greater implication than it
ever has. Not always for good. Doing good
was once an enigma. It meant rolling up
your sleeves and having family and friends
question your choice of risk and adversity
over safety and security. Now it means
fretting over whom to loan $25 or whom to
kickstart, as one keys through pre-sifted
profiles. We’re back to a generation of
appearances again. We even travel for good,
among other things we do to assuage guilt.
[http://www.slideshare.net/scenariodna/the-
culture-of-luxury-2011-brand-packaging]
In fact, Travelocity has an initiative titled
exactly that: Travel for Good. [http://www.
travelocity.com/TravelForGood/index.html]
Apparently, good is politically correct,
sugarcoated and bordering on patronising.
We indulge in good if we can forecast and
predict positive return. Why? Because the
rising generation has had no indicators for
risk. But this too is changing as conflict hits
the world of Gen Y. It’s hard to be rosy and
hold up a lens of scrutiny to others when
you’re not ensured a job after graduation.
The concept of good does not end at “doing
good,” it extends to innovation as well. We’re
living in mediocrity -- good enough. Sales
of new mid-calorie cola Pepsi NEXT are
ahead of expectation, in spite of the cola still
being a high fructose, aspartame, sucralose,
acesulfame, potassium beverage. NEXT, to
us, implies the next big thing, not a baby
step with a cocktail of sweeteners that freak
out food activists, especially at a time when
the beverage powerhouses are modifying the
caramel colouring in their sodas to avoid a
cancer warning label.
Good is in flux. Good used to be about seeing
what happens. Good was about hope and
transformation. Blind faith. Good, however,
must now be about looking ahead.
Instead, we see like buttons. We’re soothed
by the conformity. But increasingly, good
lives in worlds that do not conform to
our expectations. The danger is that we
will exhaust people from understanding
what is truly good. Today, real good goes
unrecognized if it is not blatantly labeled
as such. And the overuse of labeling
inadvertently results in information overload
and consequently lack of action. That’s not
the intended effect.
INNOVATION CALLS FOR RISK AND DISCOMFORT
20
CULTURE
It looks like we’re doing a lot of good when
it comes to the non-profit arena. In reality,
not much is changing. Approximately 26.3%
of Americans over the age of 16 volunteered
through or for an organization between
September 2009 and September 2010. This
proportion has remained relatively constant
since 2003 after a slight increase from
27.4% to 28.8% in 2003 (source: Current
Population Survey, September 2010).
Individuals gave $211.77 billion in 2010,
about the same as in 2009 (source: Giving
USA 2011).
Real good is messy, uncomfortable,
painstaking and time consuming, as
it should be. Consider Iranian actress
Golshifteh Farahani. In January 2012,
Golshifteh, already in exile for acting in
Western films, was warned not to return
home after appearing topless in French
magazine Madame Figaro. According to a
CNN blog, “Some say Farahani has betrayed
Islam and Iran for revealing her body.
Other posters are supportive. They cheer
her boldness and defend her right to self-
expression.” http://news.blogs.cnn.com/
category/golshifteh-farahani/
At the same time, conservative Middle
Eastern women post their loan requirements
to sustain their businesses on Kiva. In lieu
of their own image, they use an image of
a husband or brother. And, just this year,
the first feature horror film made by Saudi
filmmakers, “Hidden Evil,” was brought to
the Asian and European film festivals.
Who’s doing the real good? All are attempting
a paradigm shift, an empowerment for good.
Is there room for the range? We think so.
The misstep being made is seeing good as
one sweeping notion. Just as anywhere,
cultural propensities thrive across good.
To make a change for real, authentic good
is to understand the nuances of the cultures
that might drive the change and innovation
to be acted on. What drives a person to defy
expectations? What gives one the power to
explore creativity and push the buttons of
his community? What allows a slight shift in
norms to think forward?
The culture of real good is about context,
about people and their networks [http://
www.slideshare.net/scenariodna/
sxsw-11878629], not demographics or
geolocations. Understanding and showing
empathy for the networks people engage
in will allow us to re-engage risk and
discomfort appropriately, strategically,
clearing the air for true innovation.
Editor Andrew O’Connell puts it this way in
a Harvard Business Review article, “Conflict
is the irritant that gives rise to the need for
innovation.” http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2012/04/
what_were_reading_is_innovation_
fueled_by_conflict_or_cooperation.htm
l?awid=8218465235816627192-3271#.
T5v12bJEYBA.twitter
Just as it is difficult to roll up your sleeves
and do good, choosing to participate in good
should receive equal thought and discretion.
If we want to do good, it’s not good enough to
deploy passive tactics. The responsibility is
ours to say and do what means something.
Only then, can we can look forward to the
collaboration required for change.
Think about it. Do you think you’re doing
good enough?
21
by Marie Lena Tupot and Tim Stock, scenarioDNA inc.
www.scenariodna.com
WEAR YOUR LOVE FOR BEER A RANGE OF SUSTAINABLE DENIM MADE FROM RECYCLED PRODUCTS.
INNOVATION
VIEW LINK: HTTPS://WWW.FACEBOOK.COM/BONOBOS?SK=APP_206129382796033
23
Popular menswear label Bonobos has
introduced an environmentally friendly,
sustainable denim line made exclusively
from recycled materials. The line is called
Bottle Rockets and has rightfully earned
this name as each pair of jeans contains
3-5 recycled beer bottles.
Each pair is made using Earth Spun Yarn from
Cone Denim’s White Oak Mill. This unique
type of yarn is produced entirely from recycled
cotton, recycled polyester, plastic beer bottles
(the kind used at outdoor events).
The denim requires no dyeing as the colours
come from the materials used in the yarn.
Blue bottles are used for blue jeans and if
brown is desired, yarn containing recycled
x-ray film is used.
THE LINE IS CALLED BOTTLE ROCKETS AND HAS RIGHTFULLY EARNED THIS NAME, AS EACH PAIR OF DENIM JEANS CONTAINS 3-5 RECYCLED PLASTIC BEER BOTTLES.
INSIGHT >>Look for real world objects in need of a new purpose, this
creates a great story but also an intriguing and entertaining
business case.
The Green Ribbon Schools Program has
been developed by the U.S. Department
of Education. Similar to the Blue Ribbon
Schools Program, which rewards academic
excellence, the Green Ribbon Schools
Program recognises and honours schools’
environmental efforts.
Schools that reduce their environmental
impact and costs, promote student health,
and have a high quality environmental and
outdoor education program will be recognised
and rewarded.
On April 23, 78 schools received this honour
for the multiple methods adopted to reduce
carbon footprints within American schools.
Arne Duncan, U.S. Secretary of Education,
wrote on his blog, “We’re honoring schools
that use green roofs, pervious pavement, rain
gardens, rain barrels, rain cisterns and low-
flow water equipment of all types.”
Multiple schools have buses that run on
“ultra-low sulfur diesel, compressed natural
gas or the discarded cooking oils of local
restaurants.”
And in the cafeteria and classroom, the winning
schools use “reusable snack bags and water
bottles; dine with reusable plates, napkins
and utensils for meals; and save paper by
converting to digital assignments and grading.”
The purpose of the initiative is to maximise
learning possibilities for students and to
reduce pollution in and around schools, as well
as reducing schools’ energy costs. Real-world
skill sets based around healthy living, and
living in harmony with the environment will be
developed.
ON APRIL 23, 78 SCHOOLS RECEIVED THIS GREEN RIBBON SCHOOLS AWARD FOR THE MULTIPLE METHODS ADOPTED TO REDUCE CARBON FOOTPRINTS WITHIN AMERICAN SCHOOLS.
REWARDING SCHOOLS FOR THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL EFFORTS ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION TO REDUCE CARBON FOOTPRINT.
HTTP://WWW.GREENRIBBONSCHOOLS.ORG/
CULTURE
24
B CORPORATIONS GO GLOBAL FOSTERING SOCIAL ENTERPRISE.
Last year Sistema B was formed, a small
South American group whose purpose is
to foster more social enterprise through
the adoption of the American system of B
Corporations. This system eases operations
for specialised companies that combine
profit and social good.
Within the United States there are currently
521 for-profit companies operating under
the B Corporations system. To be certified,
these companies must agree to blend social,
environmental and community impacts into
their business model, and consider them
along with earnings when making strategic
decisions.
Co-founder of Sistema B, Juan Pablo
Larenas’s vision is to use the American
system in South American countries to foster
more social enterprise. Sistema B hopes to
form a licensing agreement with B Lab (the
organisation that certifies B Corporations)
to use their certification and evaluation
metrics.
Larenas hopes to certify 500 Latin American
B Corporations within the next three years.
The vision is to eventually expand into Chile,
Argentina, Columbia and Brazil. Many B
Corporations already operate within this
sector, however, Larenas says, they don’t
know how to meet the official standards.
They need a proper framework to leverage
existing social and environmental work and
a trusted certification to separate the real
thing from the negative connotations of
‘greenwashing’.
Two companies have been formally certified,
Triciclos, a recycling consultant in Chile and
Ouro Verde which produces food products
from Amazonian nuts.
“ EVERYBODY WANTS A TRIBE. THIS IS THAT TRIBE.” SAYS JAY COEN GILBERT, CO-FOUNDER OF B LABS.
Companies must prove their social impact
via an evaluation and certification process
and not by just paying a membership fee or
signing a values statement.
HTTP://WWW.BCORPORATION.NET/ABOUT
INNOVATION
25
COLOUR FOR A CAUSE COLOUR IN DESIGN AND IMAGES USED TO PROMOTE SOCIAL ISSUES.
INNOVATION
VIEW LINK: HTTP://BIT.LY/JHYZCA
27
Colour plays many roles in our lives. When
it comes to marketing and advertising its
role is paramount. At times it speaks louder
than words and has the power of association.
Colour is especially important for cause-
related marketing.
Design students of San Francisco’s Academy
of Art University wish to strengthen this
relationship between colour and causes.
Pantone, who sets colour standards for design
industries, approached the university to
collaborate on ‘Colour in Action’, a project that
aims to discover how colour can be used as a
social vehicle to drive change.
Eight teams were established, each with a
social issue as its foundation. For instance
Team Environment will explore the issue of
rising sea levels, and Team Discrimination
will look at bullying and how colour can best
communicate the desired message.
Each team is given six weeks to research their
topic before any designing can take place.
According to instructor Tom Sieu, “That’s
rare in a design curriculum. Usually, on week
two of any given design class, students go off
and start designing without developing a true
sense of the problem they’re attacking.”
The main challenge of the project, according
to Pantone’s director of corporate marketing,
Giovanni Marra, is that “college students
are taught about design, but then they get
out into the professional world and struggle
trying to get their message across. For the
presentations, the students had to organize
their thoughts and put together a cohesive
presentation and communicate what they’re
trying to do. I think that’s something that’s
always lacking in design schools today.”
On May 14 final presentations will be made
with a $10,000 scholarship from Pantone up
for grabs. Marra also hopes that some of the
projects become a reality, and do not stay on
the drawing board.
.
INSIGHT >>Design is critical to connecting and brand building. Through
design we can remove barriers by creating emotional, personal
connections with projects, brands and products.
No one needs to be told that technology is
changing our lives, and our world, fast.
But while it has delivered rapid change,
technology has not delivered on a lot of
promises.
What I’m talking about here is technology’s
promise of creating a better future, a future
that works for everyone. Because what
is technology for if not to make our lives
better?
So far, I see a world where some people’s
lives have become hyper-convenient, while
others are at the butt end of our world’s
glaring and gaping inequality. In a world
where technology really hasn’t begun to
address this, any piece of technology that
solves a real problem rather than a first
world problem is a good start.
One of the real problems that we’re facing is
the possibility of a very dark scenario as our
resource intensive consumer culture hits the
limits of the earth’s resources. A population
growing toward 9 billion people, on a planet
that has a finite capacity to provide for us, is
a scary situation in anyone’s mind.
And the fact of the matter is, when we look
at the environmental and human disasters
of our age - obesity, starvation, pollution,
financial crisis, you name it – corporations
are connected to it. So, in another scary
truth that our eyes are being opened to,
the capitalist system that we have relied
upon to increase our standard of living is
now undermining it. Here is a super-wicked
problem.
By far the most exciting development in
smart technology I’ve seen in the last
year addresses this very problem - the
human, social and environmental impacts
of capitalism and corporations. It’s the
startup ‘OpenLabel’. At first glance an
inconsequential shopping guide, this app
has radical implications for the way people
consume, and the future of business.
Studies on consumer purchasing show a
persistent trend: more consumers would
like to know where the product or service
they are buying comes from, and an
increasing number are demanding that this
information be made available to them.
OpenLabel is an open source, public
database where people can add what they
know about a company or product to its
label. A ‘wiki’ label if you will. Their strapline
is ‘An Open, Public Label on Every Product’
and it’s described as a ‘fast way for people
to keep each other informed about products.
Just scan any barcode, and exchange
reasons to BUY or AVOID the product’.
Here’s how it works:
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=4iVFF6aUSoo
28
OPENLABEL: WIKI-ING OUR WAY TO BETTER CHOICES TECHNOLOGY’S IMPACT ON THE WORLD COULD BE BETTER.
INNOVATION
Of course, people use this tool to
recommend a product they love, or warn
friends about dodgy ones. But what’s really
fascinating about this technology is that
it will allow the public to probe where we
haven’t probed before, to unlock knowledge
and attach it to products and companies.
To scrutinise companies’ behaviour as we
scrutinise their products. This opening
up of organisations is called ‘radical
transparency’.
OpenLabel allows us to advise people to
‘Avoid’ a product, selecting a reason from
several choices. For example, we may flag
it as an ‘Environment’ issue and attach
information about a Greenpeace boycott. Or
we can select ‘Buy’ and attach the reason
‘Health’ because they can verify that a
company is certified organic.
Why does ‘radical transparency’ matter?As a society, for the most part, we have
ignored the fact that there are huge
risks associated with new technologies
and products. Oil, plastic, antibiotics,
fertilizers and many other products of
our modern society have made our lives
easier and are responsible for some of
the greatest advances our civilization has
ever experienced. Their benefit to society
is undisputable. Yet, unbeknownst to many,
these technologies have also slowly started
to erode the health of our planet and our
bodies.
Even the most hopeful of us must concede
that we are going to stay in the consumer,
economic growth model for a small
while longer. Thus we need to make the
governing institutions (corporations) open
and accountable. In this case, ‘radical
transparency’ holds the key to sustainability,
or at least ameliorating the worst of these
impacts.
Why will ‘radical transparency’ work?There are countless examples today of
companies going to enormous lengths to
reduce their carbon dioxide emissions,
improve their social responsibility and
reduce their overall environmental footprint.
There are also countless companies, and
smaller manufacturers and suppliers who
are not. Consumers need to be able to
navigate this minefield in order to be able
to make the right choice and encourage the
right corporate behaviour.
No one wants to purchase a product that
causes harm, but currently harm is hidden
in the supply chain, well out of sight and
well out of mind. The information end
consumers are provided with is sometimes
improved by regulation around labelling and
disclosure, but more often censored and
tainted by marketing, misleading messaging
and ‘greenwashing’.
What OpenLabel does is brings the
combined knowledge of the public before
the consumer, at the moment of purchase,
allowing them make an informed decision
based on all the information.
The desired state of decades of work toward
corporate social responsibility (CSR) and
corporate sustainability has really been
radical transparency. If full information
about public companies is ubiquitous,
the world is watching, and we will see
companies behave accordingly.
Continued over...
29
By Sally Hilsustahood.com
Says who?In his book “Ecological Intelligence”, Daniel
Goleman discusses the potential for ‘new
technologies that reveal with “radical
transparency” the ecological impact of
products we buy, with the potential to drive
consumers to make smarter decisions
and companies to reform their business
practices.’
Goleman and others, such as Josh Dorfman
the founder of another iPhone app ‘Good
Guide’, have come to believe that the answer
is radical transparency -- that is, revealing
the full story to consumers about the
environmental, health and societal impacts
of every consumer product on every store
shelf. Not just so-called green products, but
everything.
Now what?The possibilities are exciting. OpenLabel
would give you independent, peer-reviewed
information about the labour, raw materials
and manufacturing processes that have
gone into making a product.
Let’s look at working conditions as an
example. Not only would you be able to learn
about and see the whole supply chain of
‘The 10 Companies Who Control (Almost) Everything We Buy)’
30
INNOVATION
your product, but if the working conditions
weren’t up to scratch in a factory, this app
makes it possible to hear it firsthand from
the worker themselves. Concerned about
chemicals in a food product? Hear from the
food scientist who brought it to market.
“ Users could add notes about the
manufacturer’s use of child labor, sweat
shops, animal testing, toxic chemicals, and
more, and then give the product a thumbs-
down. While those types of things sound
like they may give OpenLabel somewhat of
an activist slant, there are other types of
things that could be shared, too, like the
company’s political leaning and donations,
its support for or stance against particular
political or rights issues, like SOPA or
employees benefits for same-sex couples.
OpenLabel could also be used to share
information about whether the product
was recalled or had child safety issues,
contained allergens like gluten, or whether
it was derived from GMOs.” - TechCrunch
OpenLabel might show a buyer information
like the corporate tree below, so that they
actually know which parent company owns a
brand, and therefore, where their money will
end up.
OpenLabel even has the power to counter
misleading advertising and circumvent lazy
labelling regulation.
Even if it works, will people care?There are a number of recent examples
which point to the idea that once people
know what is going on behind a company’s
closed doors they are ready to speak out and
change their consumer behaviour.
SumofUs, a global movement of consumers,
investors and workers around the world who
aim to hold corporations accountable for
their actions, have seen 600,000 consumers
stand up on corporate responsibility issues
since launching only six months ago.
Change.org waged a hugely successful
campaign asking Apple customers to speak
out about workers’ rights in the factory of
Apple suppler Foxconn.
The slick and compelling campaign for
genetically engineered food labelling in
the US called ‘Just Label It’ has reached
1 million supporters.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SR-
oGMcBUX8
And now we have technology to support the
rising consumer movement that appears to
follow increased transparency.
OpenLabel are not going anywhere. The
company and its founder Scott Kennedy
received two rounds of seed funding in 2011
and 2012. And they’re changing the way we
think about product comparison. “We’re
about everything but price,” says Kennedy,
“we’re about actual information.”
An app like OpenLabel (and similarly,
but perhaps not as comprehensively,
GoodGuide) enables us to quickly compare
products on a comprehensive set of
criteria at the precise moment we want the
information. Which, of course, is when we’re
standing in the shopping aisle deciding
what to buy. While GoodGuide is backed by
chemists, toxicologists, nutritionists and
sustainability experts, OpenLabel gathers
information from everyone who has ever
come into contact with that product or its
ingredient.
Depending on where you sit, transparency is
either a wonderful thing or a terrible thing.
But companies are going to be forced to
grapple with it, if they aren’t already.
Clever companies will know that the way to
face this challenge is to begin behaving in a
way that means they have nothing to hide.
They will create a company where they’re
proud to share and their only secrets are
exciting ones.
31
33
CULTURE
According to the Australian Institute of
Company Directors women now make up
an all-time-high of 13.5 per cent of ASX200
directorships. At first glance this seems
like something to celebrate, an amazing
achievement. Or is it?
Let’s consider this for a moment. Most
companies boast that their number one
objective is to engage and satisfy the end
consumer of their service. After all, if they
do not focus on that consumer, how can they
ensure that they will achieve their financial
targets and continue growing in the long
term? Great, but who is that consumer?
Of course that depends on the product or
service being sold. It also depends on the
where, why and when. Nevertheless, we can
make some educated assumptions based
on the stats.
According to the Australian Bureau of
Statistics, women account for circa half the
population of Australia’s adult population.
More significantly, globally, female consumers
control $20 trillion in consumer spending.
They make the final decision for buying 91
percent of home purchases, 65 percent
of the new cars, 80 percent of health care
choices, and 66 percent of computers.
But wait there’s more! By 2014, the World
Bank predicts that the global income of
women will grow by more than $5 trillion.
Now I am the last person to assume that
women alone have the ability to understand
the needs and behaviors of their fellow
sisters. Having said this, it is glaringly
obvious that the disparity in gender
representation at senior, executive and
directorship level opportunities are grossly
inadequate in ascertaining a sustainable,
long term relationship between that all
important consumer and the companies who
claim to have that consumer’s best interest
as the foundation to their organisation.
So based on the above, where do you
rate yourself on the scale of ‘putting your
customer first’? Do you know how much of
what your organisation earns is controlled by
women consumers? If yes, what is the ratio
of women to men in your senior leadership
team, and how does that compare to your
consumer gender ratio? The maths seem
simple enough... Invest in hiring, promoting,
engaging, training and empowering your
female workforce to ensure they reach the
highest levels of your management team,
or risk missing out on taking advantage of
a direct access to the ever elusive mind
of your female consumer.
WOMEN IN YOUR LEADERSHIP TEAM ARE YOU GOOD, BAD OR INDIFFERENT?
BY LEILA HIBRI
COOL CAMPAIGNS
DOGS, MUSEUMS, TWEETING CARS AND HELPING THE HOMELESSLINKS WORTH VISITING TO SEE WHAT OTHERS ARE DOING.
URBAN ART
DELIVERS STORIES
OF HOPE IN NEW
DONATIONS DRIVE
Client: Matthew Talbot Homeless Services
Agency: George Patterson Y&R, Sydney
Country: Australia
Using life-sized silhouettes of rehabilitated
individuals placed in the spots where they
once slept and begged, Matthew Talbot
Homeless Services has brought to life
their emotional stories explaining their
circumstances and ultimate recovery.
The reader also has an instant opportunity
to sponsor the potential of someone else
currently in need via a scanned QR code
and URL address.
http://www.sponsorthepotential.org.au/
BY GLENN CHANDLER
COOL CAMPAIGNS
35
�Finding�your�best�friend��just�got�easier�in�NZClient: Pedigree
Agency: Colenso BBDO
Country: New Zealand
PEDIGREE’s global positoning is “We’re
for Dogs” and this campaign hits the brief
perfectly. The website helps people who are
looking for a dog and pairs them up with one
of the thousands of abandoned dogs in NZ
using facial recognition software.
http://www.doggelganger.co.nz/
Ikea�rents�space�at�your�placeClient: Ikea
Agency: 303Lowe
Country: Australia
Ikea’s proposition was simple. The longer
their catalogue is in your home, the more
you will buy. To make sure you didn’t throw
it out, Ikea offered to pay people in South
Australia and Western Australia to keep
their catalogue and not throw it out.
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=VTfnil3AxjA
Cars�that�find�the�car�park�for�youClient: Mercedes Benz
Agency: jvm-neckar
Country: Germany
What’s better than one pair of eyes helping
you find a car park? A whole fleet! Mercedes
takes technology that already exists in their
cars to a new social level.
http://awards.jvm-neckar.de/
2012/tweet-fleet/fwa/
Exhibiting�your�Social�lifeClient: Intel
Agency: Projector
Country: Japan
I guess when you produce computer CPUs it
is a hard to task to connect with dpeople in a
human way. Intel have done a nice job here
utilizing your facebook account and bringing
it to life in your very own gallery.
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=XC6vALV2ZBE
http://www.intel.com/museumofme
/en_AU/r/index.htm
Using�a�new�mediumClient: Melbourne Writers Festival
Agency:JWT Melbourne
Country: Australia
This agency has created something quite
unique. Utilising Wi-fi networks, they were
able to send short stories to mobile devices
in Melbourne.
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=pzTC_ZBFZC4
QR TAGS DESIGNED TO HELP TREES GROW IN WASHINGTONCITIZENS ADOPT AND CARE FOR THE TREES THAT LINE THE STREETS.
The District of Columbia’s District Department
of Transportation (DDOT), as part of their
Canopy Keepers program, has allowed citizens
to adopt newly planted trees that line the
streets of their neighbourhood.
Still in its pilot stage, residents are invited to
scan the QR code tags that are attached to
the trees with their mobile phone. They are
then taken to the DDOT’s website to express
and register interest. Once they have adopted
the tree residents are required to provide 10
gallons of water per week from spring through
to winter. Adopters receive a slow drip watering
tube to facilitate the process free of charge.
Adopters are also responsible for clearing any
litter and weeds, and must report any need for
major maintenance.
Four neighbourhoods are participating in the
initial stages of the project. These are Adams
Morgan, Brookland, Fairlawn and Tenleytown.
The Canopy Keepers program has successfully
already planted and adopted out more than
2400 street trees.
VIEW LINK: HTTP://1.USA.GOV/KNHVJP
CULTURE
36
DIAMOND RINGS, TRASH, GREEN CITIES AND CREATING MOVEMENTS
CRITICAL LINKS
37
YOXI.TV: DISCOVERING AND DEVELOPING SOCIAL INNOVATION ROCKSTARShttp://www.psfk.com/2012/04/young-people-
change-world-yoxi-tv.html
ETHICAL STYLE: ANGELINA JOLIE’S ENGAGEMENT RING AND THE STATE OF THE ETHICAL DIAMOND http://www.good.is/post/angelina-jolie
-s-engagement-ring-and-ethical-diamond-
sourcing/
MEXICO CITY: NOW LETS YOU TRADE TRASH FOR FOODhttp://www.fastcoexist.com/1679706/
mexico-city-now-lets-you-trade-trash-for-food
GREEN CITIES: HOW THEY ARE CLEANING UP THEIR TRASH? http://www.good.is/post/how-the-greenes
t-cities-in-the-world-clean-up-their-trash/
SOME OTHER LINKS WORTH A VISIT
INFOGRAPHIC
UPS: KEEPING THE BLUE SKIES GREEN UPS’S AIRLINE FLEET
REPRESENTS 53%
OF ITS TOTAL CO2
EMISSIONS IN 2009.
HERE’S WHAT THE
COMPANY IS DOING
TO CUT DOWN ON
EMISSION, IMPROVE
FUEL EFFICIENCY,
AND MINIMISE NOISE
38
INFOGRAPHIC
or