25 smart cities ville peltola

© 2010 IBM Corporation

Smart City is a System of Systems

Ville Peltola, Innovation Director, Senior Technologist IBM Innovation Network

© 2010 IBM Corporation 2

Smarter cities – Facilitating the global discussion

Berlin

New York

Shanghai

June 2009 250 leaders

October 2009 500 leaders

June 2010 800 leaders

… plus 100+ local leader events … and 3,000+ city engagements


What is a system?

“A group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent elements forming a complex whole”


Systems of our world and the $4 trillion opportunity


Cities are a complex collection of systems

PEOPLE

ENERGY

WATER

ICT COMMERCE

TRAFFIC FACILITIES

… and silos


Cities have systemic challenges

In a small business district in Los Angeles, driving around for parking in one year generated the equivalent of 38 trips around the world, burned 47,000 gallons of gas, emitted 730 tons of carbon dioxide.

Congested roadways cost $78 billion annually in the form of 4.2 billion lost hours and 2.9 billion gallons of wasted gas.


And not just cities…

In the U.S., a typical carrot has traveled 1,600 miles, a potato 1,200 miles, a chuck roast 600 miles…

…grocers and consumers throw away $48 billion worth of food every year.


Urbanization makes all the challenges even harder

In 2007, for the first time in history, the majority of the world’s population - 3.3 billion people - lived in cities. By 2050, city

dwellers are expected to make up 70% of Earth’s total population, or 6.4 billion people.


Aging infrastructure in existing cities

Water

In the U.S., a significant water line bursts on average

every 2 minutes

Projections show energy consumption increasing by 50% in the next 25 years.

Transport Energy

33% of U.S. Roads in poor, mediocre or fair condition &

27% of bridges deficient


The need to build totally new cities

Example: Masdar in UAE close to Abu Dhabi


All this complexity is typically dealt by applying reductionism*

Intelligence cameras Automatic ticketing Access control Identification systems Intrusion alarms Video surveillance Fire detection and alarms …..

Alternative energy sources Energy management Building management Energy distribution Street lighting Water distribution Water treatment Sewers ……

Traffic management Radar cameras Traffic signaling Tolling Pedestrian crossings Subways Trains Buses Roads Parking ……

Fire engines Ambulances Emergency room Healthcare Public Health K-12 Universities Continuing education Economic development Social care ……

*a philosophical position that a complex system is nothing but the sum of its parts, and that an account of it can be reduced to accounts of individual constituents


We argue that we will not understand cities through reductionism

Source: Sterman, John, “Business Dynamics: Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World,” 2000, p. 187


Not an easy task…

“When the burdens of the presidency seem unusually heavy, I always remind myself it could be worse. I

could be a mayor.”


Smarter cities are finding solutions today

Social Services: In California, Smarter Services Agencies are improving case management for over 158,000 clients while saving nearly $70M

Water: In Texas, Smarter Water Management agencies have eliminated 1/3 of their service calls by predicting maintenance needs

Public Safety: In New York, Smarter Fire Departments are improving responsiveness and saving lives by integrating city information


Technology can make these solutions possible

Turning Information into Insight

Optimizing systems to deliver outcomes


We can measure, sense and monitor almost everything

Camera phones in existence able to document accidents, damage, and crimes

1 billion RFID tags embedded into our world and across entire ecosystems

30 billion Of new automobiles will contain event data recorders collecting travel information

85%

Instrumented Interconnected Intelligent


People and systems can communicate freely


Mobile phone subscribers globally

4 billion People on the internet by 2011

2 billion Connected devices in the “internet of things”

1 trillion


We can predict and respond to changes quickly


Or one quadrillion operations per second can be calculated

1 petaflop Of new information generated every day and can now be managed

15 petabytes Of granularity for weather prediction can be modeled and measured

1 kilometer²


Smarter Planet – IBM’s current global agenda


An opportunity to think and act in new ways - economically, socially and technically.

+ + =


“Smarter Cities” is a way to approach the complexity of the real world in terms of the flows of information by integration across multiple government agencies

Atlantic Council Awards Dinner, Washington, D.C., April 29, 2009

“And a city is a system—indeed, a city is a complex system of systems. All the ways in which the world works—from transportation, to energy, to healthcare, to commerce, to education, to security, to food and water and beyond—come together in our cities.”

Sources

•  Meters •  Traffic loops •  Toll sensors •  Surveillance cameras •  Environmental sensors •  Water flow, depth,….sensors •  Energy flow sensors •  Vehicle telematics (bus, taxi…) •  Mobile telephone (anonymous) •  People as sensors (environmental…) •  People as data collectors (text, image, video…) •  ….and many more

Uses

•  “Understanding the city” •  Multi-agency alarms and emergency response •  Multi-factor predictive models (congestion prediction…) •  Multi-factor risk analysis (impact of storms…) •  Input to government processes (“Fix that hole”) •  Polling (planning preferences…) •  Billing (resource consumption, transit, parking…) •  Visualizations (many kinds) •  ….and many more


A Smarter City is considered to be a single system with many interconnecting and interdependent sub systems. The ability to instrument, interconnect and gain intelligence is a fundamental requirement for a Smarter City.

City

Water Energy

Transportation Security Waste

CO Emissions ICT

Buildings

Smarter City is a system of systems


Example: Holistic and integrated approach to city operation

Smarter City Operations Center and City Operators as new professions, who can coordinate city operations intelligently

and automatically between city agencies


Water scenario video (3 minutes)


Manage Data 1

Analyze Patterns 2

Optimize Outcomes 3

Uni

que

valu

e re

aliz

ed

Use of Smarter Planet capabilities

Sensors Data Integration

Analytics Asset Management

Collaboration Process Automation

The path to smarter cities


Can you operate a smart city – why not try?


Smarter Cities Challenge - $50M to 100 cities


Thank you

25 smart cities ville peltola

Documents