2010 ysgol aberconwy secondary school - ergonomics for gcse
TRANSCRIPT
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About this talk
Representing the Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors (IEHF)Give you an appreciation ergonomics
More than just physical characteristicsHow people see the worldHuman behaviour
Ergonomics careersNot just me talking
DiscussionVideo clipsPractical.
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A bit about me
Self-employed consultantFirst encountered ergonomics when studying Design & Technology ‘O’ Level
(ask your parents)‘A’ Levels – Maths, Chemistry & PhysicalsDegree – Chemical EngineeringApplying ergonomic principles to safety
Mostly oil, gas & chemical industry.
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What is Ergonomics?
Comes from two Greek words "ergon", meaning work, and "nomos" meaning "laws“
What does it mean to you?
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To many people
Ergonomics is about the size of people
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But ergonomics covers much more
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Ergonomics is…
The application of scientific information concerning humans:
Anatomy;Physiology;Psychology.
Designing objects and systems to be:Easy to use (usability);Used without error (reliability);Used without causing harm to the person or other who may be affected (health and safety).
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It’s not a new idea
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dVKTX_Sbwzw
YouTube – Frank Gilbreth – Bricklaying ergonomics
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Frank Bunker Gilbreth
1885 – Motion and Fatigue Study of bricklayingIdentified that stooping twice for each brick was fatiguing and slowNew equipment Reduced actions per brick from 18 to 5Increased bricks laid per hour from 125 to 350.
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Let’s study this class
Line up in height orderClearly the shortest and tallest people have different ‘reach distances’Lets take the average person from the class
Stand by the white board and draw lines at the highest and lowest points you can reach without stretching or bendingIs this a suitable range for the class?
How should we choose heights that suit all (or most) of the class?
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Percentiles
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Everyday ergonomics
You don’t usually notice good ergonomicsEasy to useYou don’t need to think about how it works
Bad ergonomics is more noticeableCan you think of any examples from the home?
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Different layout
14Designed to be slow
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Which button for which ring?
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Group exercise
How does ergonomics apply to lift (elevator) floor buttons?How would you layout the buttons for
A building with 5 floorsA building with 30 floorsThe Burj Khalifa (160 floors)
Are there specific users we need to accommodate?
E.g. wheel chair user
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Design is a compromise
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How people see the world
Video - http://theinvisiblegorilla.com/gorilla_experiment.html
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What colour are the dots?
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How would you describe these lines?
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Is this animated?
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Which centre circle is largest?
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What does this say to you?
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Understanding human perception helps us design for people
Middle of the screen
At the edge
Less – Notice
able - More
BigSmall
Colourful
Contrast
Flashing
LoudQuiet
Italics – Bold - Underline
RightLeft More – Noticeable - Less
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Human Behaviour
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pn19FtMkeks
YouTube – Sense of Urgency Video
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Smoking room experiment
Alone – 75% responded to the alarm/smoke25% did not.
In a group – only 10% respondedThe power of peer pressure
People may not always act logically, but behaviours can be predicted.
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Ergonomics careers
Technology – design, usabilityOffices – work stations, working environmentTransport - efficiency, safetyHealthcare – medical devices, organisationIndustry – equipment, procedures, health and safetyDefence – equipment, physical and mental demands, trainingSport – equipment, human performance
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Ergonomics education
Ergonomics as a first degree First combined with another discipline
Psychology, design Second degree (MSc)Transition from another discipline
PsychologyEngineeringMedicinePhysiotherapy.
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The places I work(UK)
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And worldwide
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