WARM UP 1. Hetero= ______________2. Synthesis= _______________3. ___________ = self4. ____________= eat, consume5. A or An = _______________6. What day/time is your Smart Lunch day?7. Where can you get your make up work if

you are absent?8. Explain my policy for late work.

THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD Problem Hypothesis Experiment

Independent Dependent Control Constant

Collect DataQuaNtitativeQuaLitative

Analyze Data Conclusion

STEP 1: PROBLEM What you are trying to figure out Cannot be an opinion

Science facts can be tested (may find out that they are actually wrong)

Opinions cannot be scientifically tested

Opinion Science Fact

I am a funny person. If I drop this glass, it will break.

Yellow is the prettiest color

The Earth orbits around the Sun

STEP 1: PROBLEM

Gather as much information as possible about your topic through research using RELIABLE SOURCES!!!

STEP 2: HYPOTHESIS A testable statement (an educated “guess”) If/Then statements

IF ______________ occurs THEN I believe __________ will happen.

What would be a hypothesis for this situation?

Jane received two fern plants for her birthday. Jane keeps one near the window and one under her bed.

Max did not study for his Biology Test.

BASIC STRUCTURE-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN An experiment will study the effect of

the INDEPENDENT VARIABLE on the DEPENDENT VARIABLE.

Good experiments isolate a single variable so that changes can be attributed to that variable.

STEP 3: EXPERIMENT Tests the hypothesis

A. Independent Variable (Experimental/Manipulated variable)What is being tested – The thing you, as the experimenter, change yourself.

B. Dependent Variable (Measured variable)What is measured – Changes because of the changes in the independent variable. It DEPENDS on the independent variable.

STEP 3: EXPERIMENTC. Control groupGroup that is matched as closely as possible

to experimental groups but is not exposed to the experimental treatment

If we see no change, gives us something to compare the results to

D. ConstantsOther variables that could affect the outcome

of the experiment. Are kept CONSTANT to ensure that changes that are occurring during the experiment are attributed only to the independent variable.

STEP 3: EXPERIMENTOBSERVE PLANT GROWTH EACH WEEK TO SEE IF AMOUNT OF SUNLIGHT AFFECTS PLANT GROWTH

A B C

10 hrs of sunlight/ week 30 hrs of

sunlight/ week

60 hrs of sunlight/ week

D

0 hrs of sunlight/ week

STEP 5: ANALYZE DATA

Quantitative Qualitative

- n- numbers- 5 ft, 7.2 inch

- L- letters,

words, descriptive

After collecting your data during the experiment (STEP 4) you will need to analyze that data. Typically the first step in analyzing is to graph the data-this will organize your information

PLANT Height Week1

Height Week 2

Height Week 3

A (1mL) 0.0 cm 0.01 cm 0.01 cm

B (25 mL) 1.0 cm 1.7 cm 2.4 cm

C (100 mL)

0.0 cm 0.0 cm 0.0 cm

D (0 mL) 0.0 cm 0.0 cm 0.0 cm

PLANT GROWTH EXPERIMENT

**Always remember your units!

PLANT Observations Week1

ObservationsWeek 2

Observations Week 3

A (1mL) No growth Little growth Same as last week, looks dead

B (25 mL) 1 cm of growth

Leaves are green

Tallest plant, looks healthy

C (100 mL)

No growth, lots of water sitting on top

No growth No growth

D (0 mL) Nothngr Still no growth

Plant did not grow

Which chart is

quaNtitavtive?

Which chart is

quaLatative?

STEP 5: ANALYZE DATA When graphing your data:

Independent variable always goes on X-axisDependent variable always goes on Y-axis

Workout time Weight loss

0 hrs 0 lbs

10 hrs 1 lb

20 hrs 3 lbs

30 hrs 5 lbs

STEP 6: CONCLUSION

Use data to reach a conclusion

If hypothesis wrong:Revise and Re-do hypothesis and experiment

If hypothesis right:Repeat experiment to verify results

Finally, you need to communicate your conclusion:• Scientific journal

• Newspaper• Lab report

The Scientific Method is a cycle and does not end after one round. After you reach a Conclusion you may need to go back and revise your Hypothesis or Experiment and try again.

You will also need to perform the same exact experiment MANY TIMES to verify the results. Once that process has been done, you then communicate your findings.

When performing an experiment, you only change 1 variable. Everything else must stay the same!

To IMPROVE an experiment, add more EXPERIMENTAL groups. This will give you more data.

WARM UP 1/241. Bio = _________2. Troph = __________3. _________ = needing oxygen or air4. __________ = disease or inflammation

Garfield thinks that lasagna noodles will cook faster if he adds sugar to the recipe. He performs this experiment on twenty noodles. For 10 noodles he adds sugar to the water. The other 10 noodles he boils with just water. Garfield found that 9 out of 10 noodles with sugar boiled in 10 –12 minutes. He found that 8 out of 10 regular noodles boiled in 6 – 7 minutes.

5. What is his hypothesis?6. What is his independent variable?7. What is his dependent variable?8. What is his control group?9. What could be some constants?

WARM UP1. Exo = ________________2. Synthesis = _____________3. ___________ = green4. ___________ = cell5. ___________= form6. What is the purpose of constants in an

experiment?7. What is a control used for in an

experiment?

LAB SAFETY

GENERAL SAFETY GUIDELINES1. NO HORSEPLAY. If you at any point are

goofing off and not focused on the lab you will be asked to be seated and will receive a zero for the lab

2. Follow all instructions carefully. If you mess up, you do not get extra supplies!

3. Do not touch any lab equipment until instructed to do so.

4. No food or drink allowed EVER—even water. If you spill it, it becomes a safety hazard.

GENERAL SAFETY GUIDELINES5. Quiet talking with your lab

partner/group is allowed. Talking with another group or excessive talking about things other than the lab is not permitted. Occasionally, I will need to give you reminders/more instructions in the middle of the lab. If it is loud, I cannot do this!

WHAT TO DO IF… You break something.

Notify me IMMEDIATELY…do not attempt to clean it up yourself. GLASS SHOULD NEVER BE PUT IN THE TRASH!!!

You spill something other than water. Notify me IMMEDIATELY…I will instruct you on how to

clean this up There is a fire drill in the middle of lab.

Leave all materials on the lab table (make sure no items are on the floor). Unplug any electrical objects.

You get something other than water in your eyes Notify me IMMEDIATELY…I will lead you to the

eyewash station

CELERY LAB#1 #2 #3

Procedure #’s 1,2,3,4

Procedure #’s 5 and 6

Procedures #’s 8 and 9

Salt water-add half a spoonful once you have measured the water

Label the cups using the guidelines in step 5

Mass-one place after the decimal

Width-across the curved part of the celery

Flexibility- scale 1-101-really flexible10-not flexible at allDO NOT BREAK CELERY!!!

Sinks are forceful! Regulate water first then put beaker under

Make sure you put the appropriate celery stalk in the appropriate cup

CELERY LAB Before beginning separate jobs

complete step #7 as a group. Once cups have been put in designated

location: Complete the questions that are above

the data table (NOT THE CONCLUSION QUESTIONS)

Make sure you keep up with your lab sheet. You will finish the lab and turn in the sheet on Wednesday