.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 1::-.+.-::.:--.-:-:.:. :- :. -:-::- --:: -:-aqmif;yg;rsm; twGJ ~ ( ) (Photo: RFA)txl;aqmif;yg; .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 2.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 3::-.+.-::.:--.-:-:.:. :- :. -:-::- --:: -:-aqmif;yg;rsm; twGJ ~txl;aqmif;yg; ~~.-.._._-._....-._-_ -- ---.. , --.-.-_--. ..----...--POLARIS BURMESE LIBRARY ( SINGAPORE ).~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 4.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 5.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 6A Filipino activist lights candles next to a portrait ofAung San Suu Kyi during a protest in ManilaA Myanmar protester sprays grafitti on the wall of the Myanmar embassy,calling for the release of Aung San Suu Kyi.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 7Myanmar's junta chief Than Shwe reviews a guard ofhonour from a podium on Armed Forces Day inNaypyidaw in MarchMyanmar's high ranked army officers watch a parade during the Armed ForcesDay in Naypyidaw in March.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 8Myanmar activists hold banners depicting Myanmardemocracy icon Aung San Suu Kyi as they shoutMyanmar protesters hold up a placards calling for the release of detained pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 9Chart showing the rising value of assets under management in SingaporePhilippine groups are pursuing over US$25 millionthat formerly belonged to the family of late dictatorFerdinand Marcos.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 10Myanmar's then prime minister U Nu smiles at his arrival inLondon for an official visit to Britain in June 1955A view of downtown Yangon's main landmark, the Sule Pagoda.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 11L'opposante birmane Aung San Suu Kyi le 30 janvier2008 RangounLe snateur Jim Webb (G) et le chef de la junte militaire birmane, Than Shwe(D) Rangoun, le 15 aot 2009.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 12Filipino activists shout slogans while displaying a portrait of Myanmar pro-democracy icon Aung San Su Kyiduring a protest to mark the second anniversary of the Saffron revolution, in front of the Myanmar embassy inManila on September 25, 2009. (Ted Aljibe/AFP/Getty Images).~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 13 http://moemaka.blogspot.com/ (-) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 14 ( ) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 15 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 16 () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 17 `` .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 18 ( - - ) AP .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 19 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 20 () (-) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 21 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 22 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 23 2009-10-03http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/Japan_FM_urged_Burma_to_release_political_prisoners_before_election-10032009214118.html/story_main?textonly=1 - Katsuya Okada (Photo: AFP) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 24 Myanmar allegations highlight Singaporebank secrecyBy Martin Abbugao (AFP) Sep 15, 2009SINGAPORE Allegations that Myanmar's junta is stashing billions of dollars inSingapore have thrown a spotlight on banking secrecy in the city-state, which stronglydenies being a haven for hot money.US-based human rights group EarthRights International says that energy majors Total andChevron are propping up the sanctions-hit Myanmar military regime with profits from a gasproject totalling nearly five billion dollars.Total and Chevron have rejected the charge and two Singapore banks named in the ERIreport as the repositories for most of the money -- the Oversea-Chinese Banking Corp.(OCBC) and DBS -- have dismissed it as false and baseless.In a written reply to media queries on the Myanmar funds, the Monetary Authority ofSingapore (MAS) said it requires financial institutions to have tough controls in place tofight money laundering and financing of terrorism."This includes procedures to identify and know their customers, and to monitor and reportany suspicious transactions," it said..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 25Singapore is also amending its tax laws in cooperation with industrialised nations that arepursuing citizens who deposit their money in overseas banks.But Transparency International, which like many other corruption monitors ranks Singaporehighly for its clean and efficient government, said the city-state should promote greatertransparency in its financial system."As long as no one wants to know where the money is coming from, it will be easy to hidemoney on which taxes should have been paid, but most importantly, money that shouldhave been invested in a given country or programme," a spokesperson for the Berlin-basedgroup told AFP.Wealthy Asians regard Singapore as the Switzerland of Asia, a rock-solid financial centrewhere savings can be kept safely and discreetly. But critics say some of the money comesfrom unsavoury sources.Officials in neighbouring Indonesia are trying to recover tens of millions of dollarsallegedly stashed in Singapore during the rule of the late dictator Suharto.And rival Philippine groups are suing to gain control over more than 25 million US dollarsthat formerly belonged to the family of the late dictator Ferdinand Marcos and is currentlyfrozen in an offshore bank in Singapore."It has been documented time and again that corrupt individuals -- be they politicians,business executives or wealthy citizens -- have used countries like Singapore as safe havensto stash their ill-gotten funds," the Transparency spokesperson said.There is growing pressure meanwhile on international banks to help governments recovertaxes on assets kept overseas by their citizens.Swiss banking giant UBS recently forged a landmark deal with Washington to reveal thenames of some 4,450 American clients suspected of hiding assets from US tax authorities.That broke the cherished code of secrecy that underpins the super-rich European nation'sbanking system.Earlier this year, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development includedSingapore on a list of countries that have not yet fully implemented standards on theexchange of tax data needed to pursue suspected evaders.Singapore's government promised to amend its laws and negotiate new tax treaties toimplement standards set by the OECD, the Paris-based club of industrial nations.The government submitted a bill in parliament on Monday aimed at improving how theisland shares information with countries with which it has agreements to prevent doubletaxation.In 2007, the last year for when official figures are available, assets under management inSingapore totalled 814 billion US dollars, up 32 percent from 2006. About 86 percent isfrom foreign sources.The MAS, Singapore's de facto central bank, insists that investors including institutionaland professional fund managers have sound reasons for parking their money here..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 26"Singapore's growth and development as a wealth management centre is underpinned byhigh standards of financial regulation and strict supervision," it said after UBS announcedits deal with the US government.Getty Images http://www.epochtimes.com.au/gb/9/9/20/n2663243.htm 920 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 27AFPKokang 90% AFP.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 28 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 29 AFP .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 30AFP AFP.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 31 XXXXX .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 32 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 33 60%80%.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 34 50% .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 35 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 36 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 37 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 38 138 http://mag.epochtimes.com/140/6902.htm (http://www.dajiyuan.com): 2009-09-21 00:40:45 AM http://au.epochtimes.com/gb/9/9/20/n2663243.htm Opinion OpinionEDITORIAL http://www.bangkokpost.com/opinion/opinion/25008/thailand-has-a-stake-in-burma-solutionThailand has a stake in Burmasolution Published: 4/10/2009 at 12:00 AM Newspaper section: NewsForeign Minister Kasit Piromya's comment last week from New York _ that the Associationof Southeast Asian Nations (Asean) had scrapped a plan to appeal to Burma for the releaseof opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi because the United Nations, the United States andthe European Union had reviewed their policies and there were signs they would engagemore with Burma _ deserves a closer examination.Mr Kasit had attended the United Nations General Assembly in New York the previousweek, and it had been reported that while there he would lobby Asean ministers from Laos,Cambodia, Brunei, Burma and Vietnam to reverse their opposition to sending a letter to theBurmese junta asking it to pardon Mrs Suu Kyi, who was recently sentenced to 18 monthsadditional house arrest.Prior to this the signs of a more proactive stance on Burma taken by the present Thaigovernment, to a large extent initiated by Mr Kasit, had been encouraging, and there is noreason to abandon that stance just because the UN, the US and the EU are now talking aboutengaging Burma..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 39Forgetting for a moment humanitarian issues, it goes without saying that Thailand istremendously affected by the political situation inside Burma, and therefore has a right andan obligation to speak out and try to influence a reconciliation, not only with Mrs Suu Kyi'sNational League for Democracy, but also with the ethnic groups which are in armed conflictwith the junta.See also: Burmese minister promises free and fair electionThere are now more than 150,000 Burmese in Thai refugee camps, and untold moreBurmese who have come to Thailand to escape the political and economic situation imposedby the current regime.An article in Thursday's New York Times by Southeast Asia hand Thomas Fuller describes arecent consequence of the conflicts, quoting Thai officials as saying the main reason for analarming rise in drug trafficking along the Thai-Burmese border is the deteriorating politicalsituation in the northernmost regions of Burma. The article says that armed ethnic groupsare selling their stocks of heroin and methamphetamines to buy more weapons for theheightened offensive by the Burmese government troops they believe is coming. In recentmonths thousands of ethnic Karen villagers have crossed into Thailand to escape escalatingfighting between Burmese forces and Karen rebels. More evidence of a crackdown againstethnic groups is the assault on the Kokang ceasefire group in northern Shan State which hasresulted in many more villagers fleeing into China.The Office of the Narcotics Control Board says in the first 10 months of this year policehave seized 1,268 kilogrammes of heroin in northern Thailand, compared with 57kg for thesame period last year.The article quoted an agent for the US Drug Enforcement Administration as saying:''Various traffickers are liquidating their stockpiles. They are trying to get large shipmentsof heroin out, and some have been successful.''Several million methamphetamine pills were recently seized in the Burmese border town ofTachilek, presumably on their way to Thailand. A representative of the United NationsOffice on Drugs and Crime said there was ''nothing on that scale last year''.There are many more reasons why Asean and Thailand in particular should be at theforefront of reconciliation negotiations with Burma, in consultation and cooperation withthe other concerned international parties.On Tuesday last week the US and Burma began a dialogue at the UN building in New York,but the US has ruled out dropping sanctions at this time. On Friday a Burmese court rejectedan appeal of the decision to extend Mrs Suu Kyi's house arrest. In a surprise move,yesterday she was taken by motorcade to talk with Aung Kyi, the labour minister andofficial liaison between herself and the government. Details of that meeting are not known,but it's believed one topic was likely a letter she sent to Senior General Than Shwe in whichshe said she was willing to cooperate to get international sanctions lifted, in exchange forconcessions by the government. No one expects any quick breakthroughs, but the policy ofinternational engagement is probably a step in the right direction. Thailand should beinvolved and bring its considerable political and economic leverage to the negotiating table..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 40Burmese junta sends minister to meetAung San Suu KyiPublished on October 4, 2009http://www.nationmultimedia.com/worldhotnews/30113723/Burmese-junta-sends-minister-to-meet-Aung-San-Suu-Rangoon - Burma's ruling junta Saturday sent its "liaison minister" to hold talks withopposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi, raising hopes for a political dialogue,government and opposition sources said.Relations Minister Aung Kyi met with Suu Kyi at the Sein Le Kan Tha State Guest Housein Rangoon for 50 minutes Saturday afternoon, a government official, who asked to remainanonymous, confirmed.In October 2007, Aung Kyi was appointed as a special relations minister by junta supremoSenior General Than Shwe to deal with Suu Kyi in the wake of a brutal army crackdown onmonk-led protests in Rangoon.Aung Kyi last met with Suu Kyi in January 2008. Details on the content of Saturday'smeeting were not immediately known but the meeting itself has raised hopes that a politicaldialogue may take place between the junta and opposition.Suu Kyi, 64, the leader of the National League for Democracy (NLD) opposition party, hasspent 14 of the past 20 years under house arrest and is currently serving another 18-monthsentence in her family compound.On Friday, a Yangon court rejected her appeal to overturn the sentence, which assures thatshe is out of the political picture next year when the junta plans to stage a general election.In a new manoeuvre, Suu Kyi last month sent a letter to junta chief Than Shwe offering todiscuss the lifting of sanctions by the West, her trump card against the regime.Observers speculated that Aung Kyi met Suu Kyi to discuss her recent proposal."I think that meeting was concerned with the letter Daw (Madame) Aung San Suu Kyi sentto Than Shwe," said Nyan Win, a spokesman for the NLD. "The meeting is a good sign."Suu Kyi's letter asked for Than Shwe's permission to meet with Western diplomats."Let me meet with the charge d'affaires of the United States, an ambassador representingthe European Union countries and the Australian ambassador to discuss lifting sanctionsagainst Myanmar," the letter said.Suu Kyi said she was ready to cooperate with the ruling junta to persuade the West to lifteconomic sanctions imposed on the country, as long as three conditions are met.Her letter said it was necessary to discuss: which countries have imposed economicsanctions on Burma, the impact of the sanctions and why they were imposed.Economic sanctions have been imposed on Burma since 1988, when the military brutallycracked down on pro-democracy demonstrations, leaving an estimated 3,000 people dead..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 41The US and European Union have increased their sanctions as the junta first refused toacknowledge the NLD's victory in the 1990 elections, and then proceeded to arrest criticsand suppress all forms of dissent. Many of the sanctions target the top generals specifically.Earlier this year, Than Shwe hinted that he would be willing to open a political dialoguewith Suu Kyi if she agreed to cooperate in persuading the West to lift the sanctions.Most Western nations have demanded that Than Shwe release Suu Kyi and some 2,000other political prisoners as a first step towards democratization in the country, which hasbeen under military rule since 1962. Suu Kyi and the NLD demand the same thing.Washington recently announced a new policy of greater "engagement" with Myanmar. It iscalling on the military, which has ruled the country since 1962, to improve its human rightsrecord, allow democratic reforms and release political prisoners, among them Nobel peacelaureate Suu Kyi, ahead of a planned general election in 2010.//dpaEDITORIALPursue democracy for its own meritshttp://www.nationmultimedia.com/2009/10/03/opinion/opinion_30113665.phpPublished on October 3, 2009High economic growth generated by certain autocratic models may seem appealing,but they are not necessarily the right way to goThe debate over which should be chosen first - economic development or democracy - is aperennial one. Should the autocratic models of Singapore, pre-democratic South Korea orChina be lauded over, say India, which is supposedly the world's largest democracy?Books have been written about the subject, with the latest one coming from Americanjournalist Michael Schuman entitled: "The Miracle: The Epic Story of Asia's Quest forWealth". The book, published by HarperBusiness, concludes that the sacrifice of democracyfor economic growth in countries like South Korea was worth it and quite necessary.The problem with "directly" linking democracy to economic growth is that often times thepath towards national economic development is far too complex to be attributed todemocracy or the lack of it alone.Benign dictatorships, like in Singapore, or even China, which is certainly less benign, arethe poster children for the model of economic development first and democracy later oreven never.But successful economic development depends on many other domestic and global factorsas well - say, the state of the world economy, the work ethics of a particular society, howmuch some societies save, geo-political factors among others.Back in 2004, academics Joseph T Siegle, Michael M Weinstein and Morton H Halperin, inan article in the Foreign Affairs journal on a similar topic, argued: "We reject a'development first, democracy later' approach because experience shows that democracyoften flourishes in poor countries."The thing is, in some developing countries, people have the wrong perception that"democracy equals high levels of economic growth", and are often frustrated when thenascent state of democratic development in their societies do not deliver quick enoughmaterial results..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 42On the other hand, without the bare minimum level of development where problems ofabject poverty, illiteracy and class if not caste system are alleviated - still persisting in someparts of Asia, Africa and Latin America - it would be difficult to imagine how democracycan take firm roots. This should not be used as an excuse to run countries in an autocraticfashion first, however.The Philippines, for instance, has been used and abused by those advocating thedevelopment-before-democracy approach, as an example of how a rather democratic nationcannot ensure stable economic development.So there exist examples of both poor democracies and well as poor dictatorships and viceversa. This means that democracy is not the most definitive factor in guaranteeing economicdevelopment. People would be wise to not directly equate democracy with economicgrowth.However, the three writers were right in pointing out the many strengths of a democracywhen it is not tied too directly to development."Poor democracies outperform authoritarian countries because their institutions enablepower to be shared and because they encourage openness and adaptability Thedevelopment advantage of democracies also stems from the checks and balances thatcharacterise self-governing political systems. Power is not monopolised by any oneindividual or branch of government, even though a national leader may claim a popularmandate. Although democracy is a more cumbersome process, it reduces the scope of rash,narrowly conceived or radical policies that can have disastrous economic consequences Authoritarian regimes, by comparison, often turn political monopoly into economicmonopoly Such preferential treatment diminishes competition and innovation andtherefore reduces economic efficiency."And more: "Democracies are open: they spur the flow of information. Organisations in andout of government regularly report findings, educate the public and push political leaders toconsider a full range of options, spreading good ideas from one sector to another. The freeflow of ideas, every bit as much as the flow of goods, fosters efficient, customised andeffective policies."On the other hand, the suppression of information has proven to be costly at times, thewriters said, referring to the Sars epidemic in China which was at first was kept a secret."Once the epidemic was acknowledged, distrust of the government led many Chinese ininfected areas to violate the government's quarantine. This example also confirms a largerproposition: democracy does a better job in correcting errors."So it boils down to transparency, accountability, de-monopolisation and de-perpetualisationof political power along with self-correcting mechanisms through citizens' rights to chooseor impeach their representatives.And such a system, whether it quickly leads to an economically prosperous nation or not,ought to be valued and cherished for offering a level of freedom and liberty..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 43September 29, 2009http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/29/opinion/29iht-edbowring.html?sq=myanmar&st=cse&scp=3&pagewanted=printOP-EDCONTRIBUTORFaint Hopes for MyanmarBy PHILIP BOWRINGHONG KONG The U.S. decision to engage with Myanmars generals is arecognition of reality, however brutal. Years of sanctions have failed.Emotional support for the jailed opposition leader Daw Aung San Suu Kyiand admiration for the bravery of the monks who challenged the regime in2007 have come up against harsh facts.The first is that neighboring countries have commercial reasons formaking deals that bolster the coffers and self-confidence of the regime.Thailand profits by buying Myanmars gas, as does Singapore by acting asa key trading link and safe haven for the generals wealth. China has usedcommerce and informal migration to carve out an influence that will likelyremain whoever is in power in Myanmar. Japanese and South Koreancompanies continue to do whatever business they can, and though severalWestern companies have pulled out, Totals key role in Myanmars gasindustry makes European Union sanctions seem hypocritical.On the diplomatic front, modest attempts by the Association of SoutheastAsian Nations and by the United Nations to persuade Myanmar to freeAung San Suu Kyi have been ignored. Indias pro-democracy instincts longago yielded to the need to engage the generals to counter Chinasoverwhelming influence. New Delhi fears that Beijings support forMyanmar would be rewarded with Chinese military access to the Bay ofBengal. India wants to counter Chinas commercial influence and hasinvested in a big Myanmar gas project, hoping to pipe gas acrossBangladesh to its energy-short eastern states.For sure, Myanmars state-driven economy is never going to prosperunder the present regime. But there are enough easily exploited resourcesto attract foreign investment and which supply enough cash to keep the.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 44regime in place and to support the generals armament needs and theirwives shopping habits.So what can a shift in the U.S. posture achieve? In the short run, theanswer is probably little. Sanctions are insufficiently onerous, so thepossibility of their removal carries little weight. However, there are someglimmers of light. The regime has promised elections in 2010. There isonly slight hope that Aung San Suu Kyi and her National League forDemocracy will be permitted to participate, but it is possible she will bereleased, if only as a token gesture in response to U.N. and Asean pleas.Elections will neither be free nor fair, but might be more than just arubber stamp. The military, for which 25 percent of seats in the newParliament are reserved, will continue to dominate, but enough new voicesmay emerge that can start a process of change, and provide Myanmarssenior general, Than Shwe, with a path from dictator to figurehead.Than Shwe is now 76 and may be ailing. His deputy, Maung Aye, is 71. Themilitary will not readily surrender power. But it may be a good time toengage with younger regime figures who may be less paranoid than ThanShwe, know more of the outside world and may be willing to considermoves to a more dynamic economy, end Myanmars near-isolation andreduce its dependence on China. Some may feel that the nationalism thathas always been at the heart of the militarys self-image has beencompromised by that dependence.Indeed, strains with Beijing may already be showing. China has been upsetby a Burmese military campaign in a border area long effectivelycontrolled by former insurgent groups. The campaign disrupted trade andsent 30,000 people fleeing into China. The incident is a reminder of howChina has used Myanmars problems with its many ethnic minorities to itsown advantage.While there are some faint hopes of change, do not imagine that this isanother Indonesia in the making. President Suhartos authoritarianismwas more personal than the Myanmar version, which is based on a self-.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 45perpetuating military elite that has been in power since 1962. Indonesiaspost-Suharto transition was possible only because of the social effects ofan open economy and years of gradual relaxation of media and othercontrols. Myanmar is more like Vietnam 25 years ago rigid, socialist andsuspicious of the world.Change may prove as elusive as it has been in North Korea. A popularrevolution looks unlikely. Events in 2007 showed how ruthless the regimecan be in the face of direct confrontation. Sanctions were worth trying butthey have clearly failed. So willingness to talk to the generals just mightopen up chinks in their armor and reason to seek some accommodationwith Aung San Suu Kyi, the monks and the outside world.September 4, 2009http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/04/world/asia/04myanmar.html?sq=myanmar&st=cse&scp=7&pagewanted=printNEWS ANALYSISChina Fails to PreventMyanmars Ethnic ClashesBy MICHAEL WINESBEIJING China is Myanmars closest ally almost its only one. It isMyanmars chief defender in international forums, its major weaponssupplier, its largest foreign investor and a crucial backer of its rulingmilitary junta.But in the wake of a recent clash between Myanmars army and ethnicrebels, a rout that sent thousands of people streaming over themountainous border into China, analysts have begun to question howmuch influence China has.The answer may determine whether that brief battle grows into a muchbigger and deadlier war.Although it tried, analysts, journalists and other experts say, China wasunable to dissuade Myanmars junta last month from sending thousandsof troops into the nations northern Kokang region, where they easily.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 46routed about 1,500 armed rebels. The rebels had observed a cease-firewith Myanmars government for nearly 20 years.Ng Han Guan/Associated PressBurmese refugees from ethnic clashes resting recently at a refugee camp inChina. The clashes drove thousands of Burmese over the border into China.Now news reports say that the junta has sent 7,000 troops and 20 tanksinto a neighboring region known as Wa State, where a much larger rebelforce, the United Wa State Army, has been observing the same cease-fire.The Wa forces, at least 20,000 strong and heavily armed, promise a fightif attacked.We want peace, but we are not going to lay down our weapons andsurrender, a rebel spokesman who called himself Su said by telephone onThursday. We will not become the second Kokang.The recent fighting is the result of demands by the junta that the rebelsdisarm and join a government-run border patrol. The ultimatum is widelyseen as an effort by the military rulers to defang their opponents inadvance of an election next year that they are billing as the firstdemocratic vote in more than 20 years.Chinas Foreign Ministry spokesman said Tuesday that Myanmar, longcalled Burma, had promised to restore peace and stability along theborder, and some local news reports suggest that the confrontation in Wa.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 47State may yet be defused. But there are also signs that China andMyanmar, so close for two decades, are having differences.Ive spoken to Chinese Foreign Ministry people, and theyre veryconcerned about this hostile attitude Burma has, said Aung Zaw, aBurmese exile who is editor of The Irrawaddy, a magazine based inThailand. China has given them political and diplomatic support. Butwhen Burma wants to put a stop to its own internal matters, they dontcare about anybody else.That view is echoed by a number of Beijing-based political analysts andscholars, some of whom have worried publicly that China may not haveenough clout to ward off a larger war that could send many more refugeespouring into China. They dont always heed Chinas advice, said ShiYinhong, a professor of international relations at Renmin University inBeijing. China has so little leverage against them because China, in somesense, depends on them.For decades, Myanmar has traded access to its ample natural resourcesand to the Indian Ocean for political support from China. This month,Chinese companies are set to start construction of a $2.5 billion oil-and-natural-gas pipeline project that would run from the ocean to Kunming,the capital of Chinas neighboring province, Yunnan.But Chinas relations with Myanmar are not so straightforward. In anearlier era, the Chinese gave money and arms to ethnic groups, includingthe Wa and Kokang rebels, on Myanmars side of the border that wereallied with the Burmese Communist Party. Factionalism sank the party inthe 1980s, and in 1989 Myanmars government struck a cease-fire with theethnic groups that has lasted until now.While staying close to the military junta, the Chinese have also kept inclose touch with the ethnic groups, leaving the border open for trade,family visits and no small amount of smuggling of arms and othercontraband..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 48As early as June, said one Beijing analyst, the Chinese government told aranking official in Myanmars government during a visit to Beijing that itwanted to avoid conflict on the border. The warning was repeated inAugust, when a team of officials from Yunnan traveled to Myanmar tomeet with government leaders, according to the analyst, who refused to beidentified for fear of retaliation from the Chinese government.But some experts say they believe that the junta was nettled by Chinastacit support for the ethnic groups, many of whom are ethnic Chinese, andits refusal to close the border and cut off the groups economic lifeline.Other experts say the juntas internal political calculations, geared towarda sweeping victory in the 2010 elections, trumped any diplomaticconcerns.When battles broke out in Kokang, the Chinese government reacted withunusual force, issuing a statement asking the junta to restore regionalstability. Unconfirmed new reports suggest that a senior Chinese militaryofficial traveled to Myanmar early this week to assess the situation, andthat a delegation of five officials from Myanmar traveled Monday toKunming to meet with unidentified Chinese officials.It is unclear whether Chinas forcefulness will cause the junta to standdown. But some believe Myanmars government sent its own signal in thisweeks edition of The Myanmar Times, a newspaper that, like all the pressthere, reflects the leaders thinking. The paper carried an article recordinga visit to Taiwan by the Dalai Lama, the Tibetan spiritual leader whomBeijing accuses of trying to foment rebellion against the Chinesegovernment.The Asia Times, which first reported on the article, said it was the firsttime in at least 20 years that the Dalai Lamas name had appeared inMyanmars press.Li Bibo contributed research.This article has been revised to reflect the following correction:.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 49Correction: September 10, 2009An article on Friday about analysts who said that China has had difficultydissuading leaders of neighboring Myanmar from renewing fighting withrebels there misstated the timing and the site of a reported meetingbetween officials from the two countries. It is believed to have taken placein August, not July, and it was in Myanmar, not China.September 28, 2009http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2009/09/28/world/AP-UN-UN-Myanmar.html?sq=myanmar&st=cse&scp=13&pagewanted=printAt UN, Myanmar Blasts Sanctions,Pledges DemocracyBy THE ASSOCIATED PRESSFiled at 3:55 p.m. ETUNITED NATIONS (AP) -- The highest-ranking official from Myanmar'smilitary government to appear before the U.N. General Assembly in 14years lashed out Monday against Western sanctions on his country, butpromised to take ''systematic steps to hold free and fair elections'' nextyear.Defiance of the West underpinned the speech by Myanmar's primeminister, Gen. Thein Sein, even as he outlined the military junta's plansfor its ''transition to democracy'' long sought by the United States, Britain,France and their Western allies.''Sanctions are being employed as a political tool against Myanmar and weconsider them unjust,'' Thein Sein said during the General Assembly'sannual high-level gathering that began last week at U.N. headquarters inNew York. ''Democracy cannot be imposed from the outside and a systemsuitable for Myanmar can only be born out of Myanmar society.''His speech came two days after U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moonurged a ministerial meeting of southeast Asian nations to take a tougherline on Myanmar, also known as Burma. Ban's own diplomatic efforts,.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 50including two high-profile trips there since last year, have yielded fewtangible short-term results.At a meeting Monday with Thein Sein, Ban pressed again for the junta torespond soon to his proposals for laying the groundwork for fair elections,including the release of pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi and otherprisoners.Also Monday, the top U.S. diplomat for East Asia said that direct U.S.engagement with Myanmar's military leaders could provide crucialanswers on the junta's dealings with North Korea.Assistant Secretary of State Kurt Campbell told reporters that the U.S.policy change on the country is a recognition that neither isolation norengagement had improved miserable living conditions or politicalfreedoms in Myanmar.The United States has traditionally been Myanmar's strongest critic,applying political and economic sanctions against the military regime. TheU.S. and other Western nations have been pressing sanctions because ofits poor human rights record and its failure to turn over power to Suu Kyi'sNational League for Democracy party, which won general elections in1990.U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton said last week the policychange toward Myanmar will include direct high-level talks with themilitary regime but that U.S. sanctions against members of Myanmar'sleadership would remain in place.Clinton also attended Ban's so-called ''Group of Friends on Myanmar'' atthe foreign minister level. Afterward, Singapore's Foreign Minister GeorgeYeo predicted that the new stance would give U.S. and Europe moreinfluence in Myanmar.China and Russia, two of Myanmar's main supporters, oppose the idea of aU.N.-backed international arms embargo and blocked the U.N. SecurityCouncil from doing more than simply registering its opposition to SuuKyi's return to house arrest on Aug. 11..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 51Thein Sein said new electoral laws will be fashioned and a new electioncommission will be formed ''so that political parties can be formed andcontest the elections.''A bicameral legislature is planned, he said, and a government will beformed under a new Constitution. The adoption of the new and disputedConstitution -- approved in a nationwide referendum pushed through inMay 2008 despite the wreckage and chaos of Cyclone Nargis weeks earlier-- is intended to return Myanmar to civilian rule after four and a halfdecades.The army has ruled Myanmar since 1962. Several U.N. efforts to promotetalks between the pro-democracy movement and the junta led by SeniorGen. Than Shwe failed. Nobel Peace Prize laureate Suu Kyi has been indetention for about 14 of the past 20 years.The Security Council and Ban have repeatedly urged the junta to free 64-year-old Suu Kyi and 2,200 other political prisoners, and to hold fairelections in 2010. Than Shwe has largely ignored those statements anddirect entreaties by Ban and a top envoy.Nor has Myanmar's government released all 200 political prisoners thatIbrahim Gambari, Ban's top envoy, told The Associated Press he expectedwould be freed after Ban's visit in early July.Myanmar's ruling junta last week released at least 54 political detainees aspart of an amnesty, only about 1 percent of the 7,114 prisoners it plannedto release, according to Aung Din, executive director of Washington-basedU.S. Campaign for Burma.U.S. Sen. James Webb, a Virginia Democrat, paid a rare visit to Myanmarover summer and, after an audience with Than Shwe, won the release ofthe American whose intrusion at Suu Kyi's home caused her continuedhouse arrest.Webb's office said Monday he was to meet with Thein Sein in New York..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 52 05 October 2009 http://www.voanews.com/burmese/2009-10-05-voa4.cfm (Tomas Ojea Quintana) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 53 KIO 05 October 2009 http://www.voanews.com/burmese/2009-10-05-voa5.cfm (KIO) KIO KIO KIA .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 54KIO KIA KIO KIO KIO KIO KIO KIO .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 55 2009-10-04http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/Kachin_local_residents_pray_for_stopping__dam_project-10042009142719.html/story_main?textonly=1 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 56 2009-10-04http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/women_activists_arrested_for_offering_alms_at_monastery-10042009144226.html/story_main?textonly=1 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 57 ( ) (Photo: RFA) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 58 2009-10-04http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/NLD_no_inner_basic_difference_only_way_of_thinking-10042009125256.html/story_main?textonly=1 NLD The New York Times .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 59 (Photo: AFP) The New York Times NLD .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 60 2009-10-04http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/ethnic_parties_have_different_views_on_2010_elections-10042009133617.html/story_main?textonly=1 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 61 (ALD) (CRPP) (Image: RFA).~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 62 2009-10-04http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/NLD_welcomes_liaison_minister_meets_DASSK-10042009140157.html/story_main?textonly=1 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 63 2009-10-05http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/monks_said_the_third_boycott_success-10052009102404.html/story_main?textonly=1 RFA .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 64 (Photo:AFP) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 65 2009-10-05 http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/thai_investment_in_deep_seaport-10052009114107.html/story_main?textonly=1 Italia-Thai Development Italia-Thai .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 66 NEJ / () () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 67 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 68 / http://www.khitpyaing.org/news/Oct09/050909c.php () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 69 / http://www.khitpyaing.org/news/Oct09/050909b.php () () () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 70 () () () - / http://www.khitpyaing.org/news/Oct09/050909d.php () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 71 () http://www.khitpyaing.org/articles/Oct09/050909.php ( ) -- .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 72 (Mission Statement) (Objectives) (Strategy) () () ( ) () (,) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 73 () ( ) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 74 , .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 75 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 76 (,) () () () () IFNGO outsourcing ( ).~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 77 Phil Thornton Restless Souls ( ) NEJ / () () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 78 UNOCAL () () () () () () Tom Lantos Burma Jade Act () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 79 Dr Alfred Oehlers () () () () () () / Smart Sanction Nobel Amartya Sen Amartya Sen .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 80 Amartya Sen 05 2009 19 47 () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 81 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 82 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 83 " " " " .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 84 - ( ) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 85 () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 86 05 2009 19 42 () () () () () SB( ) ( ) SP .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 87 ( ) - 05 2009 15 05 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 88 ? .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 89 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 90 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 91 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 92 ( ) 05 2009 20 43 () - .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 93 CartCentre KBC KBC Shalom CartCentre (+) (-) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 94 - () (survey) (Htamanlthi) (Hutgyi) (Tasang) - (Nam Kok) - Myanmar Eco Solution .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 95 05 2009 - - - - - - SSA SSA - .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 96 05 2009 - - .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 97Wa, Mongla deny knowledge of plannedmeeting with juntaMONDAY, 05 OCTOBER 2009 16:23 HSENG KHIO FAHThe United Wa State Army (UWSA) and the National Democratic Alliance Army-Eastern Shan State (NDAA-ESS) have denied knowledge about current reportsthat junta authorities were planning to hold another meeting with the groups thismonth following the ruling military councils April demand to transform themselvesinto Border Guard Forces (BGF).According to a civil servant in Shan State North, the meeting is to be held between8-12 October.The upcoming talks will be the last time for both sides. If the Wa still refuses toaccept the governments demand, another fighting might break out between them,he told SHAN.But sources from the UWSA said they were not yet informed about it.Similarly, Sai Leun led NDAA-ESS, mostly known as Mongla group, is due to meetjunta authorities on 10 October, according to a source from the Thai bordersecurity.Likewise, no one from Mongla is aware there is such an arrangement.On 29 September, the Burmese commander in Mongton was reported to havevisited Ta Zong, Commander of the Mongjawd-based 772nd Brigade, oppositeChiangmais Chiangdao district.At the meeting, the commander told Ta Zong that the SSA had agreed toexchange arms for peace, a euphemism for surrender.According to deadline set up by the junta, all ceasefire groups are told to respondabout transforming themselves into 326 strong border guard units, commanded bytheir own officers but supervised by 30 junta officers, by October.Until June, the Burma Army held several meetings with the UWSA, Mongla andother ceasefire groups, but has so far failed to get any positive response from them.Junta waging war of nervesSATURDAY, 03 OCTOBER 2009 12:42 S.H.A.N.As the October deadline for the ceasefire groups to respond positively to the rulingmilitary councils demand to transform themselves into Burma Army-run BorderGuard Forces (BGFs) draws near, Burmese military officers are increasinglywaging a psychological warfare designed to put out the fight in the ceasefiregroups, according to reports coming to the border.While ceasefire groups are being informed of the United Wa State Army (UWSA)sacceptance of the BGF program, the UWSA itself is being fed with news ofimpending surrender by the non-ceasefire Shan State Army (SSA) South led byCol Yawdserk..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 98Ta ZongOn 29 September, Ta Zong, Commander of theMongjawd-based 772nd Brigade, oppositeChiangmais Chiangdao district, was informed by thevisiting unidentified operational commander ofMongton that the SSA had agreed to exchange armsfor peace, a junta euphemism for surrender.You have nothing to worry about an attack by theBurma Army, he was quoted as saying, as we arebusy making arrangements for Yawdserkssurrender.The news was greeted with dismay among the Wa officers, said a source close tothe Wa.The SSA, through civilian couriers, had recently called for the talks, according to alocal police source. Loi Taileng, the SSA main base, opposite Maehongson, hadrejected the report.It was Col Yawdserk himself who disclosed earlier that he had been approached byNaypyitaw via Thailand for a meeting, a move seen by veteran Burma watchers asa ploy to discourage the embattled Wa from joining it.Related news: Wa and Mongla deny deal with junta, 30 September 2009SSA denies busting up of Army partyMONDAY, 05 OCTOBER 2009 16:15 S.H.A.N.The non-ceasefire Shan State Army (SSA) South said a drunker quarrel during aparty thrown by a Burma Army column commander on 1 October ended in ashootout among the party-goers in southern Shan State.The 50-strong Column #2 from Mongnai-based Infantry Battalion 248, commandedby Maj Zaw Tun, was stopping over at Mongyai, Kehsi township, when the shootingtook place, accordingCol Yawdserkto a local.There were about 15 casualties, 5 of them dead andthe rest wounded including Zaw Tun. The Army saidafterwards it was the SSA who did it to them, he said.Our units were nowhere near it, said Col Yawdserk.The column was only trying to shift the blame to us.The cause of the quarrel was reportedly the discussion,while drinking, on the ongoing Army-led reconstructionof civilian houses destroyed by the Army during theScorched Earth campaign against the SSA, 27 July 1.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 99August. One thing led to another and they ended up shooting each other,according to the local who has for years been one of SHANs main sources.Another version says the shooting took place in Pang Hpone, Laikha township,near Mongyai of Kehsi township. The column was moved to Pang Hpone, whereIB 9 was based, only after the incident, SHAN source explained.The 6-day scorched earth campaign, also known as Four Cuts, meaning cutting offfood, funds, intelligence and recruits by local villagers to the resistance, haddestroyed more than 500 houses in 11 villages in Mongkeung, Laikha and Kehsitownships, according to a report by Shan Human Rights Foundation and ShanWomens Action Network. The Army later said it was the SSA and not the Army thathad brought about the wreckage. KIO MONDAY, 05 OCTOBER 2009 19:19 (KIO) KIO KIO KIO KIO .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 100 KIO KIO (KIA) (DKBA) (NDA-K) 06 October 2009 http://www.voanews.com/burmese/2009-10-06-voa2.cfm .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 101 AHRC AHRC AHRC .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 102 ILO AHRC AHRC UNICEF AHRC 2009-10-05 http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/nld_request_meeting_with_suu_kyi-10052009141645.html/story_main?textonly=1 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 103 (Photo: AFP) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 104 2009-10-05http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/monks_declare_general_than_shwe_blasphemous-10052009134410.html/story_main?textonly=1 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 105 (Photo: AFP).~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 106 2009-10-05http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/regime_to_sign_intl_mobile_communication_agreement RoamingAgreement roaming charges roaming charges roaming service convenient .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 107communication / http://www.khitpyaing.org/news/Oct09/060909e.php () () () - () () () ().~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 108 () () () () () () () () - () () / http://www.khitpyaing.org/news/Oct09/060909c.php () () () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 109 () () / http://www.khitpyaing.org/news/Oct09/060909f.php () ( ) () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 110 () () () () / http://www.khitpyaing.org/news/Oct09/060909d.php ().~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 111 () () () () () () () () () () () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 112 () () Passport Work Permit Passport Work Permit () () () / http://www.khitpyaing.org/news/Oct09/060909b.php () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 113 () () (,) () () () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 114 () / http://www.khitpyaing.org/news/Oct09/060909a.php () () ( ) () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 115 () () () ( ) (Appointment) (--) (--) () (--) (--) (PE-DE) () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 116 06 2009 19 50 () - - () () () '' .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 117 KNU DKBA - KRC () KNU - ThailandBurma Border Consortium-TBBC (- ) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 118 06 2009 19 30 () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 119 ( ) 06 2009 18 13 () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 120 A4 -- ( ) '' .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 121 http://moemaka.blogspot.com/ - .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 122 - .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 123 - ) () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 124 ( - Doha) www.fifa.com .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 125 ( ) () // ) ) () () slow go go .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 126 TUESDAY, 06 OCTOBER 2009 19:07 http://www.irrawaddy.org/bur/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1936:2009-10-06-12-09-23&catid=1:news&Itemid=2 ( - AP) () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 127 (SB) .SATURDAY, 03 OCTOBER 2009 17:36 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 128 () () () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 129 National Interest ( ) ( ) () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 130 ( - () ) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 131 B.A (History and.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 132Religion) () B.A (Honors) Oriental History () M.A (History of Asia) () B.L (Law) () PhD (History of Southeast Asia) Monash University. Australia.1979 () (-) () (-) ( ) (- ) ( ) (-) ( ) (- ) ( ) (- ) (R.F.A) () - () () () On the Birth of Modern Family Law in Burma and Thailand. Singapore (1990) The Voice of young. Cornell University, March 1990 Code and Custom in Burma and Thailand. Scotland. 1993.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 133 MONDAY, 05 OCTOBER 2009 18:26 http://www.irrawaddy.org/bur/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1928:2009-10-05-11-28-58&catid=2:articles&Itemid=30 ( - ) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 134 .. .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 135 ( ) .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 136 .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 137 () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 138 04 2009 - oo o coo:o .:..: cM+ cc co:o o o : o c oc o:co o|oc oc c oo o o o o o co co oc oc o: coo: co:c co o cooo =o ooo oc oo o = ooo cc co:o o oo oo o c: coo: coooo|oo . oo c:oo: ooo cc co:o oo co co ooo c cco cc c co o|o co oc oc o: oo co o:c o|oc oc o co o: co co:o oo co:c =o:o|oo . cc co:o oo: oc oc o: oo co o|oc oc o co co:c =oo c o: oc oc o: coo ooc o co o:oo o: o=c co o o o coo oo co: c=:c cc co co: co o c oo co :c co:c c ooo ooc coo o co|o o: cco|o ooco co :o :o|oo . o cc co:o oo c ooo coc co: c=:c cc oo c oo o o cooo ooo coco ooo oo o :o:c ooo o c oc oc oo c oo c coo co|o o: cco|o cc o o|oo . oc oc o: coo: co:c c o c ooc oo co: co :o c o: o o oc o o o oc oc o: coo =c co o|oc oc cc co:o o oc o c o: o c cc oco o co|c o c ooo o o co :c c co|o o: o cco|o ooco co :o|oo . Two more casualties in KokangTUESDAY, 06 OCTOBER 2009 16:21 S.H.A.N.Apart from the 26 killed and 47 wounded as announced by officialmedia which could not be verified, there were two other casualties fromKokang that were left unannounced, according to a report coming froma reliable source on the border.One was Police Officer Ne Win who was in charge of the lawenforcement unit in the Kokang capital Laogai where 15 policemenwere killed. He was replaced with Myint Aung from Monywa, Sagaingdivision, on 31 August, just two days after the fighting at Qingshuihe onthe Kokang-Wa-Yunnan triangle.Another casualty was Brig-Gen Win Maung, Commander of the LaogaiRegional Operations Command (ROC), who was arrested also after thefighting. The exact cause for his downfall is not disclosed, said the.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 139source. But he was reported to have been taking kickbacks from thedrug business and the cross-border trade.The purges inside the police department that took place last monthinvolving police chief Khin Yi however appeared to have nothing to dowith the Kokang campaign in August, he said. 06 2009 SSA - ( ) ( ) SSA SSA - SSA - - () () .~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 140 () - - - - SSA SSA Zhao Ziyang: A MajorOpportunity Lost for ChinaBy Hon. David Kilgour Oct 4, 2009http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/index2.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=23381&pop=1&page=0&Itemid=1People purchase copies of the Chinese edition of the memoirs of deposed leader ZhaoZiyang in Hong Kong on May 29, 2009.The publication this year of Prisoner of the State: The Secret Journal of Premier ZhaoZiyang. contains important insights into modern China by the leader who for almost 15years played a key role in the management of its economy. Tiananmen Square events inmid-1989 sidelined Zhao, but party-state governance has probably worsened since andZhaos observations, recorded before his death in 2005, are useful to any student of China.From the time of his house arrest in 1989 until his death, Zhao kept a secret audio journal athis home in Beijing. The memoir, which consisted of 30 tapes of about one hour's length.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 141each, constitutes a candid and eloquent cri de coeur by an intelligent and reflective leader,who constantly sought to do his best for the Chinese people.CareerZhao's career as a Communist Party administrator began in Henan Province after theJapanese invasion in 1937 forced him to leave high school. He made his reputation as areformer in Guangdong Province in the 1950s and 1960s when, at only 46 years of age, hebecame its party chief. He was purged during Mao's Cultural Revolution as a revisionist,specifically for ending agricultural communes and leasing land to farmers in an attempt torecover from Mao's disastrous Great Leap Forward in which millions starved to death.Related Articles The Memoirs of Zhao Ziyang: A Book to Change ChinaIn 1971, Zhao was reinstated by the party leadership and within two years rose to become amember of its Central Committee. Only a year afterwards, he joined the Politburo StandingCommittee and at Deng Xiaoping's request he later took charge of China's nationaleconomy as the Premier of the State Council.By 1986, when Deng Xiaoping was firmly established as Paramount Leader of the party(despite being purged twice by Mao), he made Zhao head of a group invited to propose apolitical reform package. As acting General Secretary of the Party, Zhao proposed toseparate the party from the government. He told Mikhail Gorbachev in 1989 that the rule oflaw should replace the rule of party officials and that more transparency was needed. Theeconomy, he argued, needed an independent judiciary.Tiananmen disasterIn 1989, Zhao's immediate hopes for a China with acceptable governance were dashed. Inresponse to the student demonstrations in April against corruption and other issues, Zhaoproposed a return to classes, dialogues, and punishing only those who had committedcrimes. Unfortunately, a few days later, Deng, then aged 85 and holding only the officialposition of Chair of the Military Commission, condemned the protests to party insiders.When his remarks were circulated by hardliner Li Peng, events at Tiananmen quicklyescalated.Zhao nonetheless called for the protesters to be dealt with based on principles ofdemocracy and law. A week later, when Deng decided to impose martial law, Zhaoshowed enormous courage by telling his mentor that he would find it difficult to carry outsuch an order. Two days later, he visited the Square and pleaded with the demonstrators toleave, knowing that a brutal assault was imminent.This was in fact his last public appearance as Premier. Soon after the massacre of hundredsof students and others in and around Tiananmen Square, Zhao was stripped of all partyoffices and put under house arrest for 16 years until he died..~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 142Three key insightsDeng XiaopingDeng, the acknowledged Paramount Leader from 1981 and 1997, is presented assympathetically as possible by Zhao in his memoirs; he was, after all, Zhaos longtimefriend and patron in the party. In addition, he was in the process of making Zhao GeneralSecretary of the party when the Tiananmen events intervened. Nonetheless, Deng emergesas deeply flawed. While he is noted as supporting economic liberalization after the cripplingcentral planning of Mao since 1949, including various initiatives by Zhao in the 1970s and1980s, Deng at key moments opposed the rule of law, multi-party democracy, and virtuallyevery principle of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. He is also responsible for theterrible violence that was unleashed upon his own people at Tiananmen Square and forencouraging a small group of like-minded hardliners, Li Peng and Jiang Zemin, inparticular, effectively to swallow the Party. China and the world would be much betterplaces if Deng had continued to support Zhao.GovernanceIn large part because of Deng's choices in 1989, the party-state of China continues to governin the same fashion as some of the worlds most authoritarian regimes. The country'sconstitution remains an empty vessel. Not even the party charter was heeded in thetreatment of Zhao. For example, the decision to remove him as General Secretary of theParty was made by Deng and a few cronies at a meeting held in Deng's home. This was incomplete violation of the charter, which mandated that such a decision must be made by theStanding Committee of the Politburo. As Zhao notes, two of its five members (includingZhao) were not invited to attend. At a subsequent meeting of the Central Committee, Zhaosstatement of defense was not even shown to all present. The book provides other examplesof Cultural Revolution practices being applied against the people of China following 1989.Zhao notes that even during the height of the class struggles in 1962, Mao did not depriveMarshal Peng Dehuai of his personal freedom over his criticisms, sending him instead to douseful work. Jiang Zemin, as General Secretary, claimed the party would govern accordingto the rule of law, but much of what happened to Zhao during Jiang Zemin's eight years asleader was a violation of both the laws of China and the party charter.EconomyZhao's insights into the reasons for his country's economic growth after 1978 are important.In his view, the key elements encouraging breakneck growth were allowing direct foreigninvestment, the creation of special economic zones on the coast, expanded autonomy forenterprises and allowing land to be leased.Here, I offer some personal views (not Zhao's), including my essential concurrence withPeter Navarro, a professor at the University of California, who argues that consumermarkets across the world have been conquered by China largely through cheating on tradepractices. These include export subsidies, widespread counterfeiting and piracy of products,currency manipulation, and environmental, health and safety standards so weakly enforcedthat they have made China a very dangerous place to work.Navarro says new trade legislation by all of Chinas trade partners could achieve fairer trade.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 143by enacting the following:1-All must refrain from illegal export subsidies and currency manipulation and abide by therules of the World Trade Organization (WTO);2-For currency manipulation, he supports what the bi-partisan US-China Commission hasrecommended to the American Congress: define it as an illegal export subsidy and add it toother subsidies when calculating anti-dumping and countervail penalties;3-Every trade partner must respect intellectual property; adopt and enforce health, safetyand environmental regulations consistent with international norms; provide decent wagesand working conditions; and ban the use of forced labour;4-Adopt a 'zero-tolerance' policy for anyone who sells or distributes pirated or counterfeitgoods;Defective and contaminated food and drugs must be blocked more effectively by measureswhich make it easier to hold importers liable for selling foreign products that do harm topeople or pets;5-Despite growing criticism, China's party-state continues to trade its UN Security Councilveto for energy, raw materials and access to markets from Angola to Burma to Zimbabwe.Increased monitoring and exposure of China's party-state activities everywhere is important;6-To reverse the 'race to the environmental bottom' in China, to require all to compete on alevel playing field and to reduce acid rain and smog affecting populations abroad, allbilateral and multilateral trade agreements should henceforth include strong provisions forprotection of the natural environment.Many Canadians allow our respect for the people of China to mute criticism of theirgovernment. When apologists for its party-state insist that the situation for a growing part ofthe population is getting better, many of us appear willing to overlook bad governance,official violence, growing social inequalities, widespread corruption and chronic nepotism.The Chinese people want the same things as Canadians, including, respect for all, education,public safety, good jobs, and a sustainable natural environment. Living standards haveimproved on the coast and in other urban areas in China, but there is a huge cost. MostChinese continue to be exploited by the party-state and firms, often owned by or contractedfor manufacturing to multinationals, which operate today across their country like 19thcentury American robber barons. This explains partly why the prices of consumer products'made in China' seem so lowthe externalities are borne by workers, their families and thenatural environment.Labour campsIn doing our final report on party-state organ pillaging from Falun Gong practitioners since2001, David Matas and I visited about a dozen countries to interview adherents sent toChina's forced labour camps since 1999, who managed to later leave the camps and thecountry itself. They told us of working in appalling conditions for up to sixteen hours perday with no pay and little food, being cramped together on the floor for sleeping, and beingtortured. As subcontractors to multinational companies, they were forced to make exportproducts ranging from garments to chopsticks to Christmas decorations. This, of course,constitutes both gross corporate irresponsibility and violations of WTO rules.The labour camps are outside the legal system and allow the party-state to send anyone tothem for up to four years, without hearing or appeal. There is a link between the involuntarylabour done since 1999 by tens of thousands of Falun Gong practitioners and other prisonersin these camps and the resulting loss of manufacturing jobs in Canada and elsewhere. As of2005, the number of camps across China was estimated at 340, with a capacity of about300,000 inmates. In 2007, an U.S. government report estimated that at least half of the.~~~.~...~ ..~.~ ~~~ ~~~.~.~~ ...~~~~..-.._._-. _....-._-_ - - -- -.. , -- ...--.=.- ...... - . 144inmates in the camps were Falun Gong.Such grave abuses would not be occurring if the Chinese people enjoyed the rule of law andtheir government believed in the intrinsic importance of the most basic of human rights. It isthe combination of totalitarian governance and 'anything is permitted' economics that allowssuch practices to persist. Canada and other countries should ban forced labour exports.The attempted crushing of democracy movements, truthful journalists, Buddhist, FalunGong, Christian, Muslim and other independent faith groups, human rights lawyers andother legitimate civil society communities in recent years indicates that China's party-statemust still be engaged with caution.If its government stops abuses of human rights and takes steps to indicate that it wishes totreat its trade partners in a mutually-beneficial way, the new century will bring harmony forChina, its trading partners and neighbours. The Chinese people have the numbers,perseverance, self-discipline, entrepreneurship, intelligence, culture and pride to make thisnew century better and more peaceful for the entire human family.ConclusionThe people of China and the entire world can only regret that Deng did not allow hisprotg to continue leading the party and the government towards the values of theUniversal Declaration of Human Rights. Imagine how different China and so many othercountriesfrom Sudan to Burma to Iranmight have been today had the leader Zhao, whowas so much more in tune with the rule of law and other good governance values emergingin numerous authoritarian countries in the 1980s and 1990s, succeeded. The world musthope that the next time a leader like Zhao rises in China, he or she will be allowed tosucceed.David Kilgour is a former Canadian Secretary of State (Asia-Pacific, 2002-2003; LatinAmerica and Africa, 1997-2002) and a Member of the Canadian Parliament from 1979 to2006.Last UpdatedOct 4, 2009The Memoirs of ZhaoZiyang: A Book to ChangeChinaBy Oliver PerretEpoch Times Staff Aug 11, 2009http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/index2.php?option=com_content&task=view&