your logo governance, politics, and policy jason e. glass superintendent & chief learner
TRANSCRIPT
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Governance, Politics, and PolicyJason E. Glass
Superintendent & Chief Learner
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“The act of governing.”- Well, this is not very helpful … let’s try again!
Governance is the process and the system that determines what powers and limitations individuals and organizations may have.
Examples of governing bodies:- School Board (Superintendent is the executive)- State Board of Education (Commissioner is the executive)- State Legislature (Governor is the executive)- Congress (President is the executive)
Governance is what a governing body does.
What is “Governance?”
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A form of governance where the governing body sets out the powers, limitations, ends, and means for the executive and the organization … but then stays removed from the administration and management.
Eagle County Schools operates on a policy governance model.- The Superintendent is the Board’s only employee.- The Superintendent is serves as the Board’s executive officer, arranging the
organization to deliver on the goals of the organization.- The Board holds the Superintendent accountable for all aspects of the
organization.
Policy Governance
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State Legislature – Creates statute (in accordance with state constitution) and sets funding.- Each of the four “caucuses” (majority and minority party in each chamber) will
have education specific staffers.- Majority party will appoint “Chair” of education committee. Minority party will
appoint “ranking member.” The Chair is a powerful position.
Governor – Executes statute.- Appoints a Policy Advisor (also called “Secretary” or “Special Assistant” in some
states). Typically focused more on political aspects of education.
State Board – Elected in Congressional districts. Creates administrative rules based on statute. Oversees licensure. Acts as governance body over Colorado Department of Education.- Appoints the Commissioner of Education (also can be called Secretary, Director,
State Superintendent – aka “state chief”). In some states this position is appointed by the Governor or is an elected position.
Roles of State Governing Bodies
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Congress – Creates federal law (in accordance with the U.S. constitution). Sets funding for federal programs- Increasingly has become more involved in education through “No Child Left
Behind” and the “Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.”
President – Executes federal law.- Appoints a Secretary of Education who oversees the U.S. Department of Ed.
U.S. Department of Education- An executive agency directed by the Secretary of Education. Tasked with
enforcing federal education law & administration of federal education dollars.- Increasingly has used grant money and legal “waiver” authority to drive
education policy changes related to evaluation and testing.- Important sub-units include Office of Special Education Programs and the Office
of Civil Rights.
Of all public education spending, less than 10% of funding comes from the federal government.
Roles of Federal Governing Bodies
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Local Board of Education Directors (Director-elect in parentheses)
Carrie Benway (Carolyn Knox-Keep)District C Term Expires [email protected]
Kate CocchiarellaDistrict B Term Expires [email protected]
Tessa KirchnerDistrict A Term Expires 2019 [email protected]
Patrick Hirn
District F Term Expires [email protected]
Carrie Larson (Kevin Kottenstette)District E Term Expires [email protected]
Shelly JarnotDistrict G Term Expires [email protected]
Felicia BattleDistrict D Term Expires [email protected]
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State Board of Education
Jane Goff (D)7th Congressional DistrictArvada
Valentina (Val) Flores (D)1st Congressional DistrictDenver
Debora Scheffel (R)6th Congressional DistrictParker
Pam Mazanec (R) 4th Congressional DistrictLarkspur
Joyce Rankin (R) 3rd Congressional DistrictGrand Junction*
Angelika Schroeder (D)
2nd Congressional DistrictBoulder*
Steve Durham (R)5th Congressional DistrictColorado Springs
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Local State Government
DIANE MITSCH BUSHState Representative - District 26 (Routt & Eagle)
E-Mail: [email protected]
Committee Assignments: Agriculture, Livestock, & Natural ResourcesJoint Agriculture and Natural ResourcesTransportation Legislation Review CommitteeTransportation & EnergyWater Resources Review Committee
Kerry DonovanState Senator - District 5 (Chaffee, Delta, Eagle, Gunnison, Hinsdale, Lake, Pitkin)E-Mail: [email protected]
Committee Assignments: Agriculture, Natural Resources, & Energy; Local Government
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House Structure – Major Power Players
Majority
Speaker
Minority
Speaker Pro TemporeMajority
Leader
MajorityWhip
CommitteeChairs
MinorityLeader
MinorityWhip
RankingMember
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Senate Structure – Major Power Players
Majority
President
Minority
PresidentPro TemporeMajority
Leader
MajorityWhip
CommitteeChairs
MinorityLeader
MinorityWhip
RankingMember
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In the legislature, majority rules…
Powers of the majority:
Set committee chairs- Decide which bills get heard- Decide discussion time- Decide who gets to testify
Set when things get heard on the floor
Determine what points are “germane”
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Tactics of the minority
Disrupt
Distract
Delay
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Let’s Play a Game! – Popular Republican or Democratic Policy?
1. Market-based policies• Expansion of Charter Schools• Vouchers for Private School Tuition
2. Accountability-based policies• Standardized testing, publishing results, consequences
for schools/districts• Evaluations, tenure reform – based on test score• Greater fiscal reporting, granularity
3. Silver Bullets• Lower class size• Longer school day/year• Hyper-focus on the “basics”• Eliminate/limit teachers’ unions• Eliminate Common Core standards• Systematically De-Fund
Both!
Both!
Both!
DBRRBR
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The “Radical” Alternative – focusing on instruction and getting kids ready to learn.
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Colorado’s School Funding Mess1. Gallagher Amendment (1982) – Changed calculations and ratios
in local property taxes. Effect:
• Dramatically lowered local property tax collections (by 2/3), which (prior to Gallagher) were largest source of school funding.
• Put more burden on state revenues to fund schools.2. TABOR Amendment (1992) – Restricted both local and state tax
revenues according to formulas and election requirements.Effect:
• Constricted available dollars at local and state levels for school funding.
3. Amendment 23 (2000) – Guaranteed increases in school funding at least at the rate of inflation.
Effect:• Increased school funding from 2001 through 2010, at the
expense of every other state activity (roads, higher ed).• Effectively voided through “negative factor” and Dwyer
Case (2015).
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Changes in Eagle County Schools – changes since 1992• Enrollment: +111%• Special Education: +166%• Free/Reduced Lunch: +362%• English Learners (current %): 36.5% (no 1992 data)• Teacher Salary (adj for inf.): -20%• Per Pupil vs. National Avg: Between -$1,300 & -
$2,300, depending on the source
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School Funding – More Sources
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Solutions?
Systemic/State Level:• State Constitutional Convention • Repealing Amendments (or parts of amendments)• Adding New Amendments (Yippee!)• Reclassifying some “taxes” to fees; other incremental steps
Local:• Mill Levy Over-Ride – Eagle County Schools can collect (with
voter approval) an additional $10M annually. About $12 per month on a $500,000 home
• Sales/Special Tax Partnerships with County/Municipal Govt. Steamboat .5% generates $4.5M annually for schools Aspen .3 generates $1.4M annually for schools
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Questions and
Discussion!