world war
DESCRIPTION
Historical Context Global Politics HaywoodTRANSCRIPT
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1648 (a turning point)Signing of PEACE OF WESTPHALIA that ended the 30years war2 principles established by the PEACE OF WESTPHALIA
SovereigntyCollective Security
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CENTRAL POWERS ALLIED POWERS
Austria-Hungary Germany Bulgaria Ottoman Empire
British Empire France Russia Serbia Italy United States
Nation’s Involved
AlliancesGermany backed Austria-Hungary
and Russia backed Serbia
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Nationalism Assassination of Archduke
Franz Ferdinand in Sajarejo(Bosnia)On June28,1914Heir to the Austria-Hungary’s crown
Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia in 1908 (but it was an area claimed by Bosnia)Austria-HungaryEthnic and linguistic composition was completely mixed, minority groups demanding separation and independence
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Rise of GermanyGermany’s neighbor(France) became alarmed by Germany’s economic and military strengthGermany on the other hand feared
encirclementImperialism
Germany’s bid for power reflected in the desires for colonies.
This antagonized Britain
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The TREATY OF VERSAILLES WAS SIGNED ON JUNE 28,1919
Ended the state of war between Germany and allied powersCreated the League of NationsLed to WWII
US->Emerging economic powerWhen US came->Germany lost
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The fall of Empires: GermanyOttoman EmpireAustria-Hungarian Empire are divided into smaller nations
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Germany must amid armamentsPay reparationsAdmit guilt in starting warGreat minorities fairly, Germany
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AXIS POWERS ALLIED POWERS
Germany Italy Japan
United States France Britain USSR
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Germany Adolf HitlerBritain Winston ChurchillItaly Benito MussoliniSoviet Union Joseph StalinUS Franklin RooseveltJapan Hideki Tojo
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Treaty of VersaillesHarsh terms and the ineffective enforcement
Germany angered over the war guilt clauseNazi expansionism-> sought to restore Germany to its original borders, expanded to include all GermansAnnexed Austria and the Sudetenland in CzechoslovakiaGerman people were the master raceLebensraum (living space)
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Hitler exploited the nation’s resentment to promote his Facist ideology
A totalitarian philosophy of governmentGlorifies the state and nationAssigns to the state and nation Every aspect of nation life
League of NationsA weak league (US did not join)Unable to prevent German AggressionAdopted a policy of appeasementGiving concessions to an aggressor
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Pearl HarborDecember 7,1941Japan launched a surprise attack on
Pearl Harbor which was the principal American Naval Base in the PacificJapanese Leader’s decided that their
only chance to avoid total defeat was to launch a preemptive strike against the US Naval ForceThe Philippines-> Pro-US
The US-> promised independence for Filipino’s
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Why?1931-The US condemned the Japanese invasion of Manchuria1937-Japan invaded China, the US imposed
economic sanctions1940-Japan occupied French Indochina, the
US imposed on embargo(no one can enter/exit a territory on scrap metal & steel)1941-Japan would not pull of China, the US
halted oil experts to Japan and froze Japanese assets, thus restricting Japan’s ability to pay for imports
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WWII in Europe ended with the unconditional surrender of Germany in May1945In the East, the war ended when Japan surrendered unconditionally on August 5, signing their surrender on September 2 following the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August
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The US and the USSR became super powersThe League of Nations became United NationsThe Cold War starts
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Each defeated nation has to pay separations and
limit the size of its military force
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