westward expansion 1801-1861 us1.8. the united states adds five territories name the territories...
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Westward Expansion 1801-1861
US1.8
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The United States adds five territories
Name the territories that were added.
Louisiana TerritoryFloridaTexas
OregonSouthwest Territories (California)
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We want more Land!
Between 1801 and 1861,
exploration was encouraged as America underwent vast
territorial expansion and settlement.
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New territories added to the US after 1801
• JeffersonJefferson bought land from France (the Louisiana Purchase), which doubled the size of the United States.
• In the Lewis and ClarkLewis and Clark expedition, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark explored the Louisiana Purchase from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean.
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Lewis and Clark Trail
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Florida
• Spain gave Florida to the United States through a treaty.
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Texas
• Texas was added after it became an independent republic.
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1836: Texas declares itself an independent
republic.
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Oregon• The Oregon
Territory was divided by the United States and Great Britain.
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Columbia River
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California
• War with Mexico resulted in California and the southwest territory becoming part of the United States.
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What European
country explored the southwest?
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Test Your Knowledge
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Which territory was added to the United States after it became an
independent republic?
A. Texas
B. Louisiana
C. Florida
D. Oregon
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The Oregon Territory was divided by the United States and –
A. Mexico
B. Spain
C. Great Britain
D. Russia
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Identify the territory shaded on the map.
A. FloridaB. CaliforniaC. OregonD. Louisiana
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What factors influenced westward
migration?
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Geographic and economic factors that influenced westward
movement
• Population growth in the eastern states
• Availability of cheap, fertile land
• Economic opportunity, e.g., gold (California Gold Rush), logging, farming, freedom (for runaway slaves)
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Geographic and economic factors that influenced westward
movement
• Cheaper and faster transportation, e.g., rivers and canals (Erie Canal), steamboats
• Knowledge of overland trails (Oregon and Santa Fe)
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Oregon Trail Santa Fe trail
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Geographic and economic factors that influenced westward
movement
• Belief in the right of “Manifest Destiny”—The idea that expansion was for the good of the country and was the right of the country
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Test Your Knowledge
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Which completes the diagram?
A. Increase in Southern Plantations
B. Canal Building in New England
C. Migration and Expansion Westward
D. Population Growth in Eastern States
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All were factors that led to westward movement of Americans EXCEPT –
A. population growth in eastern states
B. cheap fertile land
C. economic opportunities
D. overland trade routes leading to
Mexico
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How did the inventions affect the lives of
Americans?
Prior to the Civil War,
most industrialization in America
was in the North;
however, the
equipment produced in the North
had an impact on
the farming society in the South.
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New technologies
invented by Eli Whitney
It increased the production of cotton and thus increased the need for slave labor
to cultivate and pick the cotton.
The cotton gin
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Jo Anderson (a slave) and Cyrus McCormick worked to invent the reaper.
The reaper increased the productivity of the American farmer.
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The reaper
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The steamboat was improved by
Robert Fulton
It eventually provided faster river transportation that connected Southern
plantations and farms to Northern industries and Western territories
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The steamboat
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The steam locomotive provided faster land transportation.
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The steam locomotive
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Test Your Knowledge
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The reaper -
A. was invented by Eli Whitney
B. increased the productivity of the
American farmer
C. provided improved land transportation
D. provided faster river transportation
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The invention that increased the production of cotton
and thus increased the need for slave labor was the –
A. reaper
B. cotton gin
C. steam locomotive
D. canal
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Social Movements
What group believed that slavery was morally wrong?
What group believed that women and men were created equal?
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Abolitionist movementThe abolitionists worked to end
slavery.
• Most abolitionists demanded immediate freeing of the slaves.
• Abolitionists believed that slavery was wrong.• Morally wrong • Cruel and inhumane • A violation of the principles of democracy
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Freedom
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Harriet Tubman
• using the master's horse and buggy • heading south if she encountered possible slave hunters • Tubman even carried a gun which she used to threaten the fugitives if they became too tired or decided to turn back, telling them, "You'll be free or die."
Harriet Tubman a former slave used many
techniques to rescue over 300 slaves:
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William Lloyd Garrison
Published the anti-slaverynewspaper, the Liberator
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Frederick Douglass
A great orator and writer, a leading figure in the abolitionist movement, Frederick Douglass was born into
slavery in Marylandand eventually escaped.
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Suffrage movementThe suffrage movement helped women gain
equal rights. • Supporters
declared that “All men and women are created equal.”
• Supporters believed that women were deprived of basic rights.
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Suffrage movement• Denied the right to
vote• Denied educational
opportunities, especially higher education
• Denied equal opportunities in business
• Limited in rights to own property
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Suffrage movement
• The movement was led by strong women who began their campaign before the Civil War and continued after the war had ended.
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Sojourner Truth Former slave delivers
her "Ain't I a Woman?” speech before a
spellbound
audience at a women's rights convention
inAkron, Ohio.
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Susan B. Anthony
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Susan B. Anthony was raised in New York as a Quaker and was a strong advocate of equal right
for women. One of her famous quotes was:
“Men their rights and nothing more; women their rights and nothing less.”
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton “Because man and
woman are the complement of one another, we need woman’s thought in national affairs to make safe and stable government.”
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Test Your Knowledge
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Abolitionists believed all EXCEPT –
A. slavery was morally wrong
B. slavery was cruel and inhumane
C. slavery was a violation of the
principles of democracy
D. slavery was an economic necessity for the South
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These Americans were –
A. Southern spies
B. weak women
C. Federalists
D. suffragists
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Cultural, economical, and constitutional issues create
bitter divisions between the North and the South. What will happen next?
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The next story in American history Begins…