vision, purchase & the war of 1812 the jeffersonian...
TRANSCRIPT
THE JEFFERSONIAN ERAVision, Purchase & The War of 1812
Review: Creation of the 1st
Political Parties
▪ Why is Madison a Republican now? →After the passage of the Constitution, he viewed Hamilton & the Federalists as selfish & an “overbearing majority”
Jefferson, Madison**, Monroe, JQ Adams
(Democratic) Republicans
Anti-Federalists
Hamilton, Adams, Pinckney
Federalist Party
Federalists
The Early Presidents
George Washington (1789-1797)
• Party: None*
• VP: John Adams
• Legacy: Washington’s Farewell Address
Washington’s Farewell Address
• Harmful effects of factions
• Permanent entangling alliances
Warns against:
• Bitter political rivalries
• Fear of immigrants/foreign influence (Alien & Sedition Acts)
**Symbolic of 1790s
The Early Presidents
John Adams (1797-1801)
• Party: Federalist
• VP: Thomas Jefferson (Republican)
• How did that happen?
John Adams on slavery:
Personally opposed but
incorrectly assumes it’s on
the decline
Most votes = Pres
2nd = VP
71 – Adams;
68 – TJ;
60 – Pinkney
“Revolution” of 1800
▪ Adams (F) vs. Jefferson (R)
▪ Burr (VP candidate) & Jefferson received same amount of votes
▪ Hamilton supports Jefferson—why?
Judiciary Act of 1801
▪ After Jefferson’s election, Federalists only control judiciary branch
▪ Act passed by Congress to reduce # of S.C. justices (6→5), but ^ # of federal judgeships
▪ Adams & “Midnight appointments”
JEFFERSONIAN VISION…
Jeffersonian Vision
o Political liberty could only survive under conditions of broad social and economic equality.
o Job of government to maintain open & equal society.
o How?
Jeffersonian Vision
oAvoid:
oCommerce/manufacturing
Jeffersonian Vision
o Encourage:
o Yeomen farmer
oSelf-reliant
oConcerned for public good
o Rapid territorial expansion
oSecure borders from foreign threats
oProvide revenueo Strengthen Republican
Louisiana Purchase
o 1800: France gets land back from Spain
o (ends right of deposit in N.O.-Pinckney’s Treaty)
o 1803: Monroe/Livingston go to buy NO
Louisiana Purchase
o Napoleon willing to sell entire territory
o Why?
1) Impractical to defend that territory
2) Needs $ to fund conquest in Europe
3) Made US more powerful against Britain
Louisiana Purchase
o Robert Livingston negotiates price
o $10 million → $15 million
Louisiana Purchase
o Republicans: loose construction
o Federalists: strict construction
*Flip-flop!
Lewis & Clark Expedition (1804-06)
o Sacajawea
• Jefferson planned an expedition across the continent to gather geographical facts and investigate prospect for trade with the Natives
LT. Zebulon Pike
o TJ dispatched over explorers to the L.P. area
o Led expedition from St. Louis to the upper Mississippi Valley
o In CO, failed to climb the peak named after him
o Deemed land:
o “Great American Desert”: false!
Results of TJ’s Term
o Landmark foreign policyo Avoids war with France
o Avoids alliance with England
o Non-interventionist
o Boosted national unityo Death of Federalist party inevitable
o West is tied to Union
Re-election (1804)
▪ Stamp of approval for Purchase
▪ Essex Junto
Extreme Federalist in Mass. threatened secession
Want to form a N. Confederacy
▪ VP Burr supports Federalists
▪ Hamilton speaks out
Hamilton v. Burr… again?
After the duel…
▪ Within hours of the duel, Angelica Schuyler Church, Elizabeth Hamilton’s sister and Hamilton’s close friend and correspondent, wrote this letter to her brother Philip Schuyler to break the news. She wrote that the Hamilton “was this morning wounded by that wretch Burr.”
▪ Her handwriting suggests her level of distress. Angelica also wrote, “we have every reason to hope that he will recover,” but he did not.
▪ Hamilton died the following morning, surrounded by family and friends, after a night of agony.
Jefferson Era Chart
Topic/Vision Reference Pages
Religion
(Deism)
Religious Skepticism & 2nd
Great Awakening
Jefferson Era Chart
Topic/Vision Reference Pages
Industry, Tech, etc.
(anti-industry favoredyeomenry)
Cotton gin, shipping, steamboat, turnpike
Jefferson Era Chart
Topic/Vision Reference Pages
Constitutional Constructionism
(Interpretation—strict)
Examples of loose interpretations (Louisiana Purchase)
Jefferson Era Chart
Topic/Vision Reference Pages
The Federal City
(Washington DC)
Creation of UNIQUE American culture
Jefferson Era Chart
Topic/Vision Reference Pages
President
(limited Presidential power)
Jefferson the President
Jefferson Era Chart
Topic/Vision Reference Pages
Art/Literature/Music
(American voice)
New National Culture—Noah Webster, Washington Irving
Jefferson Era Chart
Topic/Vision Reference Pages
Education
(Universal Education)
Patterns of Educationincluding women & natives
Jefferson Era Chart
Topic/Vision Reference Pages
Native Americans
(Convert & Assimilate)
“Indian Problems w/British”, Tecumseh
Jefferson Era Chart
Topic/Vision Reference Pages
Foreign Policy
(neutrality but favored French)
Barbary Pirates Napoleon & Purchase (Impressments, Chesapeake-Leopard Affair)
Jefferson Era Chart
Topic/Vision Reference Pages
Expansionism
(for yeomenry)
Louisiana Purchase
Jeffersonian Vision: Myth or Reality?
▪ The presidential actions of Thomas Jefferson were consistent with his vision of democracy. Assess the validity of this statement with respect to any THREE of the topics from the chart.
As a team:
1. Determine the “action word”
2. Formulate a position on the prompt
3. Draft a thesis statement. Be sure to include your position AND mention of the 3 topics you want to include.
4. Create a brief outline (with topic sentences)
5. Bullet point info for each paragraph