WASTE MANAGEMENT

PRESENTED BYVINYA P

ROLL NO:33MATHEMATICS

WASTE

Wastes are unwanted or

unusable materials.That is,It is an unavoidable by - product of most Human activity Waste is any substance which is

discarded after primary use or it is worthless,defective & of no use

Types of wastesLiquid type Solid type

Solid waste predominantly is any garbage,refuse or rubbish that we make in our homes & other places.They mayinclude any waste that is non-liquid .

Eg:old car tires,old news papers,broken furniture and even food wastes etc...

Waste can come in non solidform.Some solid waste can also be converted to a liquid waste form for disposalIt includes point sourceand non point source discharges such as storm water and waste water.Eg : waste water from homes,liquids used forcleaning in industries, & waste detergents.

Liquid & solid waste types can also be grouped in to :

1) Organic 2)Recyclable 3)Hazardous type

Organic type:

Organic waste comes from plants or animals sources.commonly they include food waste,fruit & vegetable peels,flower trimmings & even dog poop can be classified as organic waste.They are biodegradable.

Some people turn their organic waste in to compost & use them in their gardens.

Recyclable type

It is processing waste in to new useful products.Waste that can be potentially recycled termed as recyclable waste.

Eg: Aluminium products,plastics,paper products etc...

HAZARDOUS TYPEHazardous or harmful waste are those that potentially threaten public health Or environment.

LIST OF WASTES Waste comes in many different forms and they are; Agricultural waste Animal by-products Biomedical waste Bulky waste Business waste Chemical waste Clinical waste Commercial waste construction&demolition waste Domestic waste Electronic waste(e-waste)

Food waste sewage Industrial waste Kitchen waste Inorganic waste Organic waste Mineral waste Nuclear waste Municipal solid waste Packaging waste Radio active waste Ship disposal Plastics etc...

HOW TO PROTECT OUR EARTH ?

Avoid using plastic products. Take your own bags for

shopping insteaduse paper bags,say “NO” to shops when they providebyou with one, as plastics cannot be recycled it just adds on to the carbon content in the environment

Stop littering the streets. We of course do not litter our

own rooms, the streets are also ours,so why dirty them? Its not atough thing to do to throw wastes in dustbins,the cleaner the city is more proud we are of it

Join an environmentally active group.

There are many organisations which promote& arrange eco-friendly activities, be a part of them make people aware of our earth.or make your own clubs& associations to do the same,its our duty.

Use paper wiselyReduce using papers,do not waste them,give newspapers and old books for recycling.

Up bottled waterLocal bottled waters we made of plastics which are non biodegradable,as in it increases waste,insted bring bottles from home, fill it & have water. Seperate the waste bins into biodegradable & non-biodegradable ones Insted of having one bin for all our trashes,use two so to seperate the

wastes in to eco-friendly and non eco friendly ones making it easier for waste management.

Hang a poster at home ,school,college and offices Hang simple eco-friently posters at your work places, institutions and

home remaining people of their day to day deeds. Write a letter to your local administrative head. Make a point today of writting a letter to your administrative body about

the waste related problems in your society.

Waste management Waste management refers

to the activities connected with the collection and disposal of wastes.

Waste management comprises the following activities:

1. waste collection2. Waste transportation3. Waste segregation4. Waste recycling5. Waste disposal6. Waste minimization &control

The 3 R’s REDUCE RECYCLE

REUSE

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DUE TO WASTES

Surface water contamination: Waste that end up in water

bodies negatively change the chemical composition of the water.technically this is called water pollution.

Soil contamination: Hazardous chemicals that

get in to the soil can harm plants when they take up the contamination through their roots.if humans eat plants & animals that have been in contact with such polluted soils,there can be negative impact on their health.

Pollution Bad waste

management practices can result in land & air pollution and can cause respiratory problems and other adverse health effects in our body.

Incineration method of waste management

This simply means burning waste. This method is common in countries with limited landfill space.Incineration chambers can be small for domestic use,but there are large ones for municipal use as well.it is great for treating waste with contamination & hazardous waste from factories etc..but the method produces too much carbon dioxide.

Sanitary landfills as waste disposal Generally, this term means a large piece

of land away from living places where all the waste from a town is deposited.but there is more to land fills.proper landfill management involves sorting out all the waste( waste separation),& senting only the waste that cannot be recycled & composted to the site.

Five common ways of managing waste

Compaction The waste is compacted or

compressed.It aso breaks up large items of waste.

Pyrolysis Pyrolysis is defined as thermal

degradation of waste in the absence of air to produce char,pyrolysis oil,& syngas.

Compostingwith the right conditions(air and moisture),organic waste such as food & plant materials can be decomposed by bacteria, fungi,worms etc