VALMIERA

UDK 908 (474.3) (036)Va 383

Gråmata izdota ar Valmieras pilsétas domes finansiålu atbalstu

Teksta autors Jånis Kalnaçs Text

Tulkotåjs Valdis Bérziñß Translator

Måkslinieks Arnis RoΩkalns Layout

Fotogråfi Aivars Baltmanis PhotographersAgris BergsEduards JegorovsDidzis KadaksJånis KalnaçsAleksejs KoziñecsLinards PelsisArturs Rundélis

© Apgåds “Jumava”, izdevums latvießu valodå, 2005

© Jånis Kalnaçs, teksts, 2005

© Arnis RoΩkalns, måkslinieciskais noforméjums, 2005

© Valdis Bérziñß, tulkojums, 2005

Gråmatå izmantoti Valmieras Novadpétniecîbas muzeja unTürisma informåcijas centra materiåli

Material used in this book comes from Valmiera RegionalStudies Museum and Valmiera Tourist Information Center

Apgåds izsaka pateicîbu Ilzei Liepai un Ivetai Blümai parsadarbîbu gråmatas izdoßanå

The publishers would like to thank Ilze Liepa and Iveta Blümafor the cooperation in the preparing of the book

ISBN 9984–05–911–1

Esiet sveicinåti Vidzemes centrå — Valmierå!

Valmiera ir pilséta, kur vienlaikus savijas pa-gåtne un nåkotne, senais un müsdienîgais, vecaisun jaunais. Pilsétå veiksmîgi saglabåta un attîs-tîta raΩoßana, kas ir pamats valmierießu labklå-jîbai un ievérojams stürakmens tam, ka Valmierunu pazîst ne tikai Latvijå, bet arî tålu årpus tåsrobeΩåm.

Tepat ir arî Valmieras pilsdrupas ar savu no-slépumaino un savdabîgo auru, muzejs ar plaßopiedåvåjumu klåstu Valmieras véstures taku iz-staigåßanai. Un tam pa vidu Gauja — Valmieras“galvenå iela”.

Valmieras lielåkå bagåtîba ir tås cilvéki —gan tie, kas pilsétu izvéléjußies par savåm må-jåm, gan tie, kuri Valmierå tikai ciemojas. Tepaståvîgi küså un mutu¬o ener©ijas pilni cilvéki,un viñu paveikto darbu aug¬i redzami vai ik uzso¬a. Un tas nav maz. Ne velti tradicionålie Val-mieras pasåkumi — Pilsétas svétki vasaras vidü,Ziedu svétki rudenî, daΩådi müzikas festivåli undaudzi, daudzi citi — pulcé tükstoßus apmek-létåju.

Més priecåsimies arî Jüs redzét savå pilsétå.VALMIERÅ, kas DOMÅ UN RADA!

Inesis Bo˚isValmieras pilsétas

domes priekßsédétåjs

Welcome to Valmiera —the centre of Vidzeme!

The city of Valmiera brings together the past andthe future, the historic and the contemporary, theold and the new. Industrial production has beensuccessfully maintained and developed here, under-pinning the welfare of Valmiera’s residents andnowadays earning Valmiera a name not only inLatvia, but also far beyond its borders.

Valmiera also has its unique and mysterious cas-tle ruins, and a museum offering to take the visitoron a trip through history. And right in the middle ofour city is the River Gauja — Valmiera’s “mainstreet”.

The people of Valmiera represent the city’s great-est asset — those who have chosen to make theirhomes in the city and likewise those who have cometo visit. This place is always full of energetic, bustlingpeople, and the fruits of their work are apparent atevery step. This is an important factor. Small sur-prise then, that Valmiera’s traditional events — theCity Festival at the height of summer, the FlowerFestival in autumn, a variety of music festivals andmany others — bring together thousands of people.

We look forward to meeting you too in our city.VALMIERA, a city that THINKS AND CREATES!

Inesis Bo˚isValmiera City Mayor

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V‰STUREValmiera — Vidzemes lielåkå un viena no Lat-

vijas darbîgåkajåm un senåkajåm pilsétåm, kam jau1323. gadå bija savs ma©istråts un kam tika pie-ß˚irtas Rîgas tiesîbas. Lîdz 13. gadsimtam Valmierasapkårtne ietilpa latga¬u, kå arî lîbießu apdzîvotajåTålavå. 1224. gadå péc Tålavas novada zemju sada-lîßanas starp Rîgas arhibîskapu un Zobenbrå¬u or-deni tå nonåca ordeña pak¬autîbå. Pilsétas nosau-kuma izcelsmei — senåk lietoti arî varianti Wolmar,Woldemer, Wolmahr, Wolmaria — ir vairåki skaid-rojumi. Populåråkie no tiem saistîti ar Pleskavas ne-godîgo kñazu Vladimiru, kas 13. gadsimta såkumåbija Idumejas novada fogts, un Dånijas karali Val-demåru II, kas aptuveni tai paßå laikå smagå kaujånetålu no Tallinas izcînîjis uzvaru pår vietéjiemiedzîvotåjiem, pateicoties no debesîm atsütîtam ka-rogam, kas karaspéku iedvesmojis uzvarai. Viñß licisuzcelt pilsétu ßîs uzvaras piemiñai, ko nosaucis savåvårdå. Viduslaiku Valmiera bija neliela amatniekuun tirgotåju pilséta, kas attîstîjås lîdzås pilij, ar kurutå bija saistîta vienotå aizsardzîbas sistémå. To vei-doja aizsargmüris ar diviem — Rîgas un Térbatas —vårtiem, pieci vai seßi bastioni, kå arî üdensß˚ér߬i —Gauja un tås pieteka Råtsupîte.

1365. gadå Valmiera, caur kuru gåja starptau-tiski nozîmîgais ce¬ß no Rietumeiropas uz Krievijas

HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDValmiera is the largest population centre of the

Vidzeme region and one of Latvia’s most dynamiccities. It is also among the country’s oldest cities:already in 1323 it had its own magistracy and wasgranted a town charter modelled on that of Riga. Upto the 13th century, the Valmiera area belonged tothe district of Tålava, populated by the Latgallianand Liv peoples. In 1224, when the lands of Tålavawere divided between the Archbishop of Riga andthe Order of Swordbrothers, the town came underthe order’s control. There are various explanationsfor the origin of the town’s name, formerly writtenas Wolmar, Woldemer, Wolmahr or Wolmaria. Themost popular versions are connected with the dis-honourable Prince Vladimir of Pskov, who wasbailiff of the Idumeja district in the early 13th cen-tury, and with Valdemar II, King of Denmark, who,not far from Tallinn at about the same time, won afierce battle against the indigenous people, when aflag sent from the heavens inspired his forces to vic-tory. It is said that he ordered a town to be foundedin memory of this triumph and named it after himself.

Medieval Valmiera was a small crafts and trad-ing town, which grew up next to the castle. Thetown wall had two gates: the Riga Gate and the

Apriñ˚a pilséta Valmiera 1795. gadå (J. K. Broces zîméjums) Valmiera as a county seat in 1795 (Drawing by J. C. Brotze)

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pilsétåm — Pleskavu un Novgorodu, minéta kåHanzas pilsétu savienîbas locekle, kuras darbîbå tåregulåri piedalîjås nåkamajos gadsimtos. Valmierå kåLivonijas ©eogråfiskajå centrå no 1385. lîdz 1500.gadam notika vairåk nekå 30 pilsétu sanåksmes, ku-rås léma par Hanzas saimnieciskajiem jautåjumiemun bieΩi sanåca landtågi, kuros apsprieda Livonijasnelielajåm valstîm bütiskus politiskus jautåjumus.1554. gadå Valmierå pasludinåja ticîbas brîvîbu,tådéjådi pårtraucot protestantisma izraisîtås kato¬uun luteråñu reli©iskås domstarpîbas. 15.–17. gad-simtå pilsétas iedzîvotåju skaitu deviñas reizes reti-nåja méris.

16. gadsimta otrajå pusé un 17. gadsimta så-kumå par Valmieru cînîjås un tajå pårmaiñus val-dîja — po¬i, krievi un zviedri. Livonijas kara laikå1560. gadå krievu karaspékam neizdevås pilsétuieñemt — par ßo aplenkumu liecina akmens lodes,ko krievu karaspéks ßåva no Lucas kalna un kasiemürétas Svétå Sîmaña baznîcas kontrforså. 1622.gadå Zviedrijas karalis Gustavs II Ådolfs Césubîskapiju, kurå lîdz ar Césîm, Smilteni un Trikåtuietilpa arî Valmiera, uzdåvinåja valsts kancleramAkselam Uksenßérnam, no kura uzvårda Valmieras©erbonî saglabåjusies vérßa piere. 17. gadsimtå kara-darbîbas izpostîtå Valmiera ar tikai çetriem müranamiem vairåk lîdzinåjås nelielam ciematam, kuraiedzîvotåji galvenokårt nodarbojås ar lauksaim-niecîbu. 1680. gadå Valmiera k¬uva par Zviedrijasvalsts îpaßumu. Zviedru laikå nojauca viduslaikumüri un jaunajå pilsétas da¬å izveidoja manierismamraksturîgs regulåru ielu tîklu un taisnstürveida kvar-tålu plånojumu, kas saglabåjies joprojåm.

18. gadsimtå Valmieru pamatîgi nopostîja gankrievu karaspéka iebrukumå Zieme¬u karå 1702.gadå, gan vairåkos ugunsgrékos 18. gadsimta 70. gados.

18. gadsimta 30. gados, pateicoties Valmier-muiΩas nomnieces ©enerå¬a Hallarta atraitnes Mag-dalénas Elizabetes un måcîtåja Kristiåna GotlîbaNeihauzena atbalstam, Valmiera k¬uva par kustîbascentru Vidzemé. Brå¬u draudzes veicinåja zemniekugarîgo un ekonomisko paßapziñu, kas ietekméja ganantifeodålo kustîbu, gan plaßåkas apkårtnes kultüradzîvi. Viena no krasåkajåm antifeodålås kustîbasizpausmém bija Kauguru nemieri 1802. gadå, kurospiedalîjås Valmieras apkårtnes muiΩu zemnieki.

1783. gadå pilsétiñas teritorija bija aptuveni 240 x 270 metru. Valmieras toreizéjais izskats sagla-båjies vairåkos Johana Kristofa Broces zîméjumos.Tajå bija seßi desmiti namu un iedzîvotåju vairå-kums atkal nodarbojås ar amatniecîbu un tirdznie-cîbu (populåråkås profesijas — kurpnieki, drébnieki,galdnieki). Valmiera k¬uva par apriñ˚a pilsétu.

1821. gadå éku skaits Valmierå vél nebija sasnie-dzis simtu. Lîdz 19. gadsimta vidum tå bija våciskapilséta, bet latvießi par namu îpaßniekiem k¬uva 20.gadsimta otrajå pusé. 1892. gadå Valmiera bija

Tartu Gate, and five or six bastions, in addition tothe natural obstacles represented by the River Gaujaand its tributary, the Råtsupîte.

In 1365, Valmiera, lying on the internationalthoroughfare from Western Europe to the majorRussian towns of Pskov and Novgorod, is men-tioned as a member of the Hanseatic League. Heldin Valmiera, which lay at the geographical centre ofLivonia, were more than 30 meetings of town repre-sentatives between 1385 and 1500, deciding on eco-nomic issues relating to the Hanseatic League. Like-wise, the assembly known as the Landtag was oftenconvened in Valmiera, to discuss major political issues affecting the small states making up the Li-vonian Confederation. In 1554, religious freedomwas declared in Valmiera, ending the conflictbetween Catholics and Lutherans that had begunwith the rise of Protestantism. In the 15th–17th cen-tury, the town’s population was devastated ninetimes by the plague.

In the second half of the 16th and the early 17thcentury, the Poles, Russians and Swedes fought overValmiera and ruled here successively. During theLivonian War, in 1560, the Russian forces failed intheir attempt to take the town. Remaining from thesiege are the stone cannonballs shot by the Russiansfrom Luca Hill, later incorporated into the masonryof a buttress of St Simon’s Church. In 1622, theBishopric of Césis, which included Valmiera, Smil-tene and Trikåta, was granted by Gustav II Adolf ofSweden to his chancellor Axel Oxenstierna. Deriv-ing from his name is the forehead of an ox thatappears in the town’s arms. In 1680, Valmiera be-came the property of the Swedish crown. UnderSwedish rule, the medieval walls were demolishedand a regular street plan was created for the newpart of the town, with rectangular town blocks, acharacteristic feature of the age of Mannerism andstill preserved today.

In the 18th century, Valmiera was badly da-maged in a Russian attack during the Northern Warin 1702, and by several fires in the 1770s.

In the 1730s, thanks to the support of Mag-dalene Elizabeth Hallart, the widow of GeneralHallart and leaseholder of Valmiera Estate, and ofPastor Christian Gotlieb Neuhausen, Valmiera be-came the centre of the Herrnhut movement (Mora-vian Brothers) in Vidzeme, promoting the self-confi-dence and economic development of the peasantry.One of the most vivid expressions of opposition tothe feudal system was the peasant unrest at Kauguriin 1802, involving the peasants of the Valmieraarea. The Herrnhut movement also stimulated therise of musical and literary culture in a wide area.

In 1783, Valmiera became a county seat. The areaof the town measured approximately 240 x 270 m,with about 60 houses and with a population onceagain engaged mainly in crafts and trade. The town’s

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pirmå pilséta Latvijå, kuras domé vairåkums bijalatvießi.

19. gadsimta beigås un 20. gadsimta såkumå pil-sétå såka darboties pirmie nelielie uzñémumi — kok-zå©étava, audumu kråsotava, linu außanas fabrika.1899. gadå atklåja Rîgas–Pleskavas dzelzce¬a lîniju,ap kuras staciju attîstîjås Kårliena, ko lîdz ar Pår-gaujas Jaunpilsétu Valmierai pievienoja 1921. gadå.

Savdabîgi piepildîts un aktîvs posms provinciålåspilsétas vésturé bija 20. gadsimta såkums, kad tåsmåcîbu iestådés izglîtojås vairåki desmiti zénu, kasvélåk k¬uva par nozîmîgiem kultüras un sabiedris-kiem darbiniekiem. Íis aizrautîgais laika posms, kurårisinåjås arî 1905.–1907. gada revolücijas notikumi,attélots Påvila Rozîßa skolas gadu atmiñås balstîtajåromånå “Valmieras puikas”. Valmierå darbîbu irsåcis un tai ir bijusi bütiska nozîme arî vélåkå Mi-nistru prezidenta un Valsts prezidenta Kår¬a Ulmañadzîvé — 1905. gadå Ulmanis strådåja par instruk-toru Baltijas lauksaimnieku biedrîbå. Valmiera bi-jusi nozîmîga arî daudzu citu (arî müsdienu) politi˚u,rakstnieku, aktieru, rakstnieku, müzi˚u, zinåtniekukarjerå. Mazåk ir to, kas Valmierå vai tås apkårtnénodzîvojußi ilgåku müΩa da¬u — viñu vidü Val-mieras vésturnieki — Voldemårs Dåvids Balodis,Hermanis Enzeliñß un Laimonis Liepnieks.

Pirmå pasaules kara gados Valmiera bija bég¬ucentrs. 1916. gadå te tika izßüts pirmais nacionålaiskarogs. Svétå Sîmaña baznîcå 1917. gada nogalé

appearance at this time may be gauged from severaldrawings by Johann Christoph Brotze.

In 1821, Valmiera still had less than a hundredhouses. Up to the mid-19th century, it was a Ger-man town. Latvians acquired property in the townduring the second half of the century, and in 1892,Valmiera became Latvia’s first town with a majorityof ethnic Latvians on the town council.

In the late 19th and early 20th century, the firstsmall businesses were set up in the town: a sawmill,a fabric dyeing works and a linen-weaving mill. TheRiga–Pskov railway line was opened in 1899, andthe station outside Valmiera became the focus of theKårliena district, joined to Valmiera in 1921, alongwith the New Town on the opposite bank of theGauja (Pårgauja).

An unusually rich and active period in this pro-vincial town was the early 20th century, when itsteaching establishments were attended by several do-zens of pupils who were destined to become majorfigures in culture and society. This fervent period,including the events of the Revolution of 1905, isdescribed in the novel “The Boys of Valmiera”(Valmieras puikas), based on the schooldays experi-ences of the author, Påvils Rozîtis. Valmiera was thestarting point or a significant place in the career ofmany important historical figures, including the laterPrime Minister and President of Latvia, Kårlis Ulma-nis (who worked here in 1905 as an instructor for

Valmieras vésturiskais centrs 20. gadsimta 30. gadu beigåsThe historic centre of Valmiera in the late 1930s

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sanåkußais Latvijas strådnieku, zemnieku un bez-zemnieku kongress pasludinåja varu Våcijas neoku-pétajå teritorijå.

Lîdz Ulmaña apvérsumam 1934. gadå pilsétasvaldé vairåkums bija sociåldemokråti, kålab pilsétutolaik dévéja par Sarkano Valmieru. 1928. gadå,büvéjot “Bekona eksportu”, atrada årstniecisko mi-nerålüdeni, kas joprojåm ir viens no pazîstamåka-jiem ar pilsétu saistîtajiem produktiem, tautå toiesauca par Valmieras cüküdeni. 20.–30. gados Val-miera k¬uva par nozîmîgu Zieme¬latvijas adminis-tratîvo un saimniecisko centru, bet tås iedzîvotåjistrådåja galvenokårt sîkos un vidéjos amatniecîbasun rüpniecîbas uzñémumos.

Valmierai tra©isks bija 1944. gada septembris,kad, mainoties okupåcijas varu karaspékam, pilsétazaudéja teju visu centra vésturisko apbüvi — cietavairåk nekå 270 éku jeb treßda¬a visas pilsétasapbüves, arî vairåki 18. gadsimta nami. Patlaban par19.–20. gadsimta mijå veidojußos pilsétu liecina vienvienståva vai divståvu koka un müra nami LimbaΩuun Leona Paegles ielå, Pårgaujå ap autoostu undzelzce¬a staciju, daΩas ékas saglabåjußås starp60.–80. gadu jaunbüvém, kå arî izskatîgi malkasß˚ünîßi ar raksturîgo otrå ståva galeriju.

No mazpilsétas par pilsétu Valmieru pårvértapéckara industrializåcija, kad gan paplaßinåja biju-ßos uzñémumus, gan uzcéla Valmieras stiklß˚iedrasrüpnîcu. Tå kå trüka vietéjå darbaspéka, Valmieråieradås strådnieki no citåm PSRS republikåm. Mig-råcijas radîtås sociålås problémas raksturo “Valmie-ras meiteñu” jédziens.

80. gadu beigås un 90. gadu såkumå mainotiespolitiskajiem un ekonomiskajiem apståk¬iem, rüp-niecîbas uzñémumiem mainîjås îpaßnieki, tomérraΩoßana saglabåjås, veicinot salîdzinoßi zemu bez-darba lîmeni Valmierå. Latviska pilséta, kuras iedzî-votåju skaits pédéjos gadu desmitos saglabåjies sta-bils — ap divdesmit septiñiem tükstoßiem. Pédéjosgados Valmierå noris aktîva — galvenokårt arhitek-toniski pragmatiska rakstura — veikalu büvniecîba.Büvé arî jaunås pilsétas teritorijå, arî Rîgas ielå, kurtop Vidzemes Olimpiskais sporta centrs.

Valmierai ir noturîgas kultüras un sporta tradîci-jas, kuru starpå senås müzikas festivåls, rokfestivåls,Simjüda gadatirgus, Rüdolfa Blaumaña dramatur-©ijas festivåls; starptautiskais motokross “Gaujaskauss”, Valsts prezidentes balvas izcîña vieglatlétikåun citi pasåkumi. Pilsétå spélé viena no labåkajåmLatvijas basketbola komandåm “Valmieras piens”.

the Baltic Agricultural Society), and other politicians,writers, actors, musicians and scientists.

In the First World War, Valmiera was a centrefor refugees. The first Latvian flag was sewn here in1916. It was in St Simon’s Church in Valmiera thatin late 1917 the Soviet of Latvian Workers, Peasantsand Landless People declared power in the territoryof Latvia that was not under German occupation.

Up to the time of the coup d’ètat by Ulmanis, theSocial Democrats had a majority on the city execu-tive board, so the city was known in those days as“Red Valmiera”. In 1928, when the “Bacon Ex-port” plant was being built, the medicinal mineralwater was discovered, still one of the best-knownproducts associated with the town (and still popu-larly known as “Valmiera Pig-Water”). In the 1920s–30s, Valmiera became an important administrativeand economic centre of northern Latvia.

Tragic for the city were the events of September1944, when, in the struggle between the occupyingGerman and Soviet forces, virtually all the historicbuildings of the town centre were lost. Altogethermore than 270 buildings, or a third of the total, weredamaged, including several 18th century houses. Areflection of the former appearance of the town, asit was at the turn of the 20th century, is seen only inthe one- and two-storey wooden and brick houseson LimbaΩu Street and Leona Paegles Street, in thePårgauja district around the bus station and railwaystation, and in some other older buildings preservedin between the new architecture of the 1960s–80s.These include several fine woodsheds with a charac-teristic top-floor gallery.

Industrialisation after the war turned Valmierafrom a town into a city. The existing factories wereextended, and the Valmiera Glass Fibre Plant was built.Since the local workforce was insufficient, workerswere brought in from other republics of the USSR.

When the political and economic situationchanged in the late 80s and early 90s, the industrialenterprises changed hands, but production con-tinued, so that the level of unemployment in Val-miera remained comparatively low. It is a predomi-nantly ethnic Latvian town, whose population hasremained stable in recent decades at around 27thousand. Valmiera has seen major constructionwork in recent years — mainly the pragmatic archi-tecture of big stores. The building work has extend-ed to areas that were previously open land. TheVidzeme Olympic Sports Centre is being built in onesuch previously unoccupied location on Rîgas Street.

Valmiera has strong cultural and sporting tra-ditions: the early music festival and rock festival, theSimjüds Annual Fair, the Rüdolfs Blaumanis DramaFestival, the international Gauja Cup in motocross,the competition for the President’s Prize in athleticsand other events. The city is home to one of Latvia’stop basketball teams — “Valmieras piens”.

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PILSDRUPASIespéjams, Valmieras pili Zobenbrå¬u ordenis

såka celt 13. gadsimta såkumå vietå, kur pirms tamvaréja atrasties latga¬u pils. Bet var büt, ka vien-laikus ar Svétå Sîmaña baznîcu 1283. gadå to såkabüvét Zobenbrå¬u ordeña péctecis — Livonijas or-denis. Viduslaikos ßî pils, kurå uzturéjås fogts vaitiesnesis, lîdz ar Åraißu, Burtnieku, Césu, LugaΩuun Trikåtas pili ietilpa Césu komturijå. 1702. gadåda¬éji sabrukußo pili ieñéma un nopostîja Krievijascara Pétera I karaspéks, ko Zieme¬u kara laikå vadîja gråfs Íeremetjevs. Péc tam tås nojaukßanuturpinåja pilsétas iedzîvotåji, mürus izmantojotbüvmateriåliem.

Nav ziñu par Valmieras pils såkotnéjo izskatu,bet lîdz 16. gadsimtam tås åréjie müri veidoja nere-gulåru, kalna formai atbilstoßi izstieptu daudzstüri.17. gadsimta beigu aprakstå minétais dienvidrie-tumu korpuss lîdz müsdienåm nav saglabåjies. Tåotrajå ståvå atradås lielåka zåle, kurå 15.–16. gad-simtå, iespéjams, notika Livonijas landtågi.

Pils arheolo©isko izpéti såka 20. gadsimta 30.gadu beigås, mekléjot liecîbas, ka pirms tås ßajåvietå atradies latga¬u Beverînas pilskalns. Izpéti tur-pinåja 80.–90. gadu mijå, kad tika atsegti iepriekßnezinåmå zviedru laika pildreΩ©a konstrukcijå bü-vétå zieme¬rietumu korpusa pagrabi. To såka büvét1680. gadå, un tas, nogalinot vairåkus cilvékus,droßi vien tika sagrauts, kad krievu karaspéks ieñé-ma un nodedzinåja Valmieru. Atrasto pagrabu unpazemes ejas, kå arî pils dienvidu un zieme¬u aiz-sargmüra fragmentu konservåciju pabeidza 2002.gadå, kad uzlika véjrådîtåju ar Livonijas ordeñakrustu.

Krievu literatüras vésturé Valmieras pils tiekpieminéta kå vieta, kur pie Polijas kara¬a pårbé-gußais karavadonis kñazs Andrejs Kurbskis rakstîjaatmaskojoßas véstules Krievijas caram Ivanam Bar-gajam, kas Latvijas vésturiskajos avotos karaspékaneΩélîbas dé¬ bieΩi dévéts par Jåni Briesmîgo.

THE CASTLE RUINSIt is possible that the castle was built in the 13th

century by the Order of Swordbrothers on the siteof an earlier Latgallian castle. Equally, it may bethat construction of the castle was begun simulta-neously with the building of St Simon’s Church in1283 by the successor of the Order of Sword-brothers — the Livonian Order. In the MiddleAges, this castle — the residence of the local bailiffor magistrate — belonged to Césis Commandery,along with the castles of Åraißi, Burtnieki, Césis,LugaΩi and Trikåta. In 1702, the partly-collapsedcastle was taken and sacked by the forces ofRussian Tsar Peter I, led during the Northern Warby Count Sheremetev. The destruction was con-tinued by the townspeople, who used the walls as a stock of building material.

There is no evidence regarding the originalappearance of Valmiera Castle. Up to the 16th cen-tury, the castle’s outer walls formed a long, irregu-lar polygon, corresponding to the shape of the hill.The South-West Block, mentioned in a descriptionfrom the late 17th century, has not been preservedup to the present day. On the first floor, it had alarge hall, where the meetings of the LivonianLandtag may have been held in the 15th and 16thcentury.

Archaeological excavation began at the castle inthe late 1930s, seeking evidence that this had pre-viously been the site of the Latgallian hill-fortBeverîna. Excavation continued in the years around1990, when the cellars were unearthed of the pre-viously unknown North-West Block, built in tim-ber-frame construction. The building of this blockbegan in 1680. It was probably destroyed, killingseveral people, when the Russian forces took Val-miera and sacked it. Conservation of the cellars andunderground passageway, as well as the survivingparts of the castle’s south and north walls, wascompleted in 2002, when a wind-vane showing thecross of the Livonian Order was put up.

Valmiera Castle features in Russian literary his-tory as the place where the military leader PrinceAndrei Kurbsky, who had fled to join the King ofPoland, wrote letters denouncing the Russian TsarIvan the Terrible.

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VECÅ APTIEKA1735. gadå bårddzinis un ˚irurgu cunftes meis-

tars Johans Nikolajs Ívarcs da¬éji uz pils aizsarg-müra pamatiem uzcéla senåko Valmieras dzîvojamoéku. To iegådåjås medicînas doktors Johans Vol-råts Reihenaus un 1756. gadå tajå atvéra aptieku,kas darbojås vairåk nekå divsimt gadu. 19. gad-simtå tå izveidojås par éku kompleksu, kurå ietilpavél trîs koka un müra korpusi. 1912. gadå Vecoaptieku iegådåjås Valmieras pilséta, un tå bija pirmåaptieka Baltijå, kas piederéja kådai paßvaldîbai.

No 1989. lîdz 1995. gadam Veco aptieku, kasvairåkus gadu desmitus bija sadalîta mazos dzî-vok¬os, atjaunoja agråkajå izskatå un pielågoja1959. gadå nodibinåtå Valmieras Novadpétniecî-bas muzeja vajadzîbåm. Íim nolükam izmantoja arîpéckara gados ASV dzîvojußå gleznotåja RüdolfaVoldemåra Vîtola sievas Olgas testamentå vél pirmsLatvijas neatkarîbas atjaunoßanas novélétos lî-dzek¬us.

THE OLD PHARMACYIn 1735, the barber and Master of the Surgeons’

Corporation Johann Nicholaus Schwarz built theoldest preserved dwelling-house in Valmiera, partlyon top of the foundations of the old castle wall. Thehouse was bought by medical doctor Johann Wohl-rat Reichenau, and in 1756 a pharmacy openedhere, remaining in business for more than two hun-dred years. In the 19th century, it developed into acomplex of buildings, which included another threewooden and masonry blocks. In 1912, the OldPharmacy was bought by the city of Valmiera, be-coming the first pharmacy in the Baltic owned by amunicipality.

In 1989–1995, the Old Pharmacy building,which had for several decades been divided intosmall flats, was restored in its former appearanceand adapted to the needs of the Valmiera Museumof Regional Studies (founded in 1959). The projectwas funded partly from money bequeathed evenbefore the restoration of Latvia’s independence bypainter Rüdolfs Voldemårs Vîtols’ wife Olga, livingin the USA after the war.

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12

SKULPTËRA “VALMIERAS PUIKAS”,

kas saistîta ar populåråko literåro darbu par pil-sétu, ir télnieces Timiånas Munkéviças diplomdarbs,1981. gadå beidzot Måkslas akadémiju. Tajå lîdzar satraukti romantisko 20. gadsimta såkumu, irnetießas norådes uz rakstniekiem Påvilu Rozîti unLinardu Laicenu, kå arî télnieku Emîlu Melderi.

THE SCULPTURE “BOYS OF VALMIERA”,

which is connected with the most popular literarywork set in the town, is the diploma work of sculp-tress Timiåna Munkéviça, who graduated from theAcademy of Art in 1981. Conveying the excitementand romance of the early 20th century, it also inclu-des indirect references to writers Påvils Rozîtis andLinards Laicens, and sculptor Emîls Melderis.

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VALTERKALNIˆÍir 17. gadsimtå zviedru laikå izveidots ravelîns,

kas savu vårdu ieguvis no pazîstamåkås Valmierasbaltvåcu dzimtas — årstiem un måcîtåjiem Valte-riem, kam piederéja viena no Valmieras muzeja ékukomplekså ietilpstoßajåm nedaudzajåm pilsétasékåm, kas saglabåjusies no 18. gadsimta. Izcilåkaisßîs dzimtas pårståvis ir bîskaps Ferdinands Valters,Vidzemes virskonsistorijas ©enerålsuperintendantsun Vidzemes Skolotåju seminåra izveides iniciators.Izteikts pieñémums, ka Valterkalniñß varétu bütbijis kåds no sençu pilskalniem — Autîne. Koka pa-viljons atjaunots, izmantojot 20. gadsimta såkumapastkartés iemüΩinåto ßai vietå iederîgo büvi.

VALTERKALNIˆÍThe hill is in fact a defensive structure or ravelin

from the 17th century, created in the time ofSwedish rule. It obtained its name from the mostprominent Baltic German family in Valmiera — theWalter family of doctors and pastors, who ownedthe one of the few buildings in the town remainingfrom the 18th century, now forming part of thecomplex of buildings of Valmiera Museum. Themost outstanding member of this family was Bi-shop Ferdinand Walter, Superintendent-General ofthe High Consistory of Livland and the foundingfigure behind the Vidzeme Teachers’ Seminary. Ithas been suggested that this is the site of Autîne,one of the ancient hillforts. A wooden pavilion hasbeen recreated here, based on early 20th centurypostcard views of the structure enhancing this site.

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SV‰TÅ SÈMAˆA BAZNÈCAir nozîmîgåkais Valmieras vairåk nekå 700 gadu

ilgås véstures piemineklis, kas veltîts Kristus må-ceklim. Tå celtniecîbu såka 1283. gadå, par bazi-liku to pårbüvéja 14.–15. gadsimtå. Müsdienu iz-skatå, kas no viduslaikiem atß˚iras galvenokårt ar1739. gadå pabeigto barokålo torni, baznîcu atjau-noja péc tås nopostîßanas 1702. gadå. Svétå Sîmañabaznîca ir viens no bütiskåkajiem viduslaiku sakrå-lås arhitektüras pieminek¬iem Latvijå, kuras arhi-tektüru ietekméjis gan romånikas, gan gotikas stils.

Pagåjußå gadsimta 60.–70. gadu mijå, kaddraudze bija spiesta savu dievnamu atståt, to da¬éjirestauréja un pårvérta par Valmieras muzeja kon-certu un izståΩu zåli. Protestantu baznîcåm rakstu-rîgajå atturîgajå interjerå lîdz ar daΩåm viduslaikukapu plåksném un to fragmentiem atrodas vairåkirestauréti jaunåku laiku måkslas darbi. 18. gad-simta altåris un kancele ar apgleznotiem pildiñiem,kuros attéloti luteråñu dievnamiem tipiskie apus-tu¬u un evañ©élistu téli, ValmiermuiΩas îpaßniekaLévenßterna dåvåtå viña kådreizéjå måjskolotåja,Drézdenes Måkslas akadémijas profesora Kår¬aKristiåna Fogela-Fogelßteina altårglezna “Kristuskårdinåßana” (1842. gads). ‰r©eles par KokmuiΩasîpaßnieka Teodora Írédera lîdzek¬iem 1886. gadåizgatavotas Fridriha Ladegasta darbnîcå Veisenfelså(Våcijå). Lîdzås altårda¬as sienai zem liepas apgla-båta ValmiermuiΩas nomniece Elizabete Hallarte,bet netålu no ieejas atrodas télnieka Andra Vårpaspiemineklis pirmajam draudzes latvießu måcîtåjam,kå arî rakstniekam Jånim Neilandam.

Baznîca un tås apkårtne saistîta ar vairåkiemsvarîgiem vésturiskiem notikumiem. 1525. gadåValmieras landtåga laikå tajå spredi˚oja no Våcijasieradies luterånisma sludinåtåjs Silvestrs Tegetmei-jers. Pie tås 18. gadsimtå un 19. gadsimta såkumåvairåkkårt izpildîti sodi zemnieku dumpju dalîbnie-kiem — arî 1802. gada Kauguru zemnieku nemieruvadoñiem.

ST SIMON’S CHURCH, dedicated to one of the disciples of Christ, is the

most important witness to Valmiera’s 700-year his-tory. Building work began in 1283, and in the14th–15th century it was altered into a basilica.The main feature added since the Middle Ages isthe Baroque steeple, completed in 1739. The churchwas renovated after the destruction of 1702. St Si-mon’s Church is one of Latvia’s most importantexamples of medieval church architecture, showingboth Romanesque and Gothic influence.

Around 1960, the congregation was forced outof the church: it was partially restored and trans-formed into a concert and exhibition hall for Val-miera Museum. The characteristically austere inte-riors of this Protestant church preserve some wholeand fragmentary medieval gravestones and severalrestored works of art from more recent times.There is an 18th century altar and pulpit withpainted panels showing the figures of the Apostlesand Evangelists, as is typical for a Lutheran church.The altarpiece “The Temptation of Christ” (1842),by Carl Christian Vogel von Vogelstein, Professorat Dresden Academy of Fine Art, was donated byLevenstern, the owner of Valmiera Estate, wherethe painter had once worked as tutor. The organwas made at the workshop of Friedrich Ladegast inWeissenfels (Germany) in 1886, at the expense ofTheodor Schroeder, owner of KokmuiΩa Manor.Buried under a lime tree next to the chancel wall isElizabeth Hallart, the leaseholder of ValmieraEstate, and near the entrance is a monument bysculptor Andris Vårpa to writer Jånis Neilands,who was the first Latvian pastor here.

The church and its environs are connected withseveral major historical events. In 1525, the Luthe-ran evangelist Sylvester Tegetmeyer, arrived fromGermany, preached here during the time of theLandtag meeting. Outside the church, rebelliouspeasants were punished several times in the 18thand early 19th century — including the leaders ofthe 1802 peasant rising at Kauguri.

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SV‰TÅ RADOˆEÛAS SERGIJA BAZNÈCA

Pareizticîgo draudze Valmierå såkadarboties 1846. gadå, bet gadu vélåk tikauzcelta koka baznîca. Latvießu zemniekupårießanu pareizticîbå veicinåja 19. gad-simta vidü izplatîjußås baumas, ka, mai-not konfesijas, büs iespéjams iegüt arî zemiun lopus. 1877.–1879. gadå büvuzñéméjsJånis Meñ©elis uzcéla müra baznîcu. Tå irviena no pareizticîgo baznîcåm, ko pro-jektéja pirmais latvießu arhitekts JånisFrîdrihs Baumanis un kas Vidzemes gu-berñå tika uzbüvétas par Krievijas valdî-bas lîdzek¬iem aktîvas rusifikåcijas laikå.Eklektisma krievu bizantießu stila arhitek-türas formas iemiesotas Latvijas büvnie-cîbai mazpilsétås un muiΩås ßai laikå îpaßibieΩi izmantotos materiålos — pléstålaukakmenî un sarkanos måla ˚ie©e¬os.Tai lîdzås atrodas pareizticîbå pårgåjußåMujånu muiΩas barona Morica fonMengdena dzimtas neoromåniskå kapliça(1903. gads).

THE CHURCH OF ST SERGIUS OFRADONEZH

A Russian Orthodox congregationwas established in Valmiera in 1846, anda wooden church was built a year later.The conversion of Latvian peasants toOrthodoxy was promoted in the mid-19th century by rumours that by convert-ing, they would also obtain land and live-stock. In 1877–1879, builder Jånis Meñ-©elis built the stone church here. This isone of the Orthodox churches designedby the first Latvian architect Jånis FrîdrihsBaumanis and built in the Province of Liv-land at the expense of the Russian govern-ment during the time of active Russifi-cation. This example of Eclectic architec-ture in Byzantine style has been createdusing the materials generally utilised insmall towns and manors in Latvia at thistime — split boulder stone and red brick.Next to the church is the Neoromanesquefamily tomb (1903) of Baron Moritz vonMengden, owner of Mujåni Manor, whohad converted to Orthodoxy.

SV‰TÅS JAUNAVASMARIJAS ROMASKATOÒU BAZNÈCA

Kato¬u draudze Valmierå atsåkadarboties 20. gadsimta 30. gadu vidü.Formås vienkårßais dievnams tika uz-celts, izmantojot Viß˚u 17. gadsimtakato¬u baznîcu, kuras Latgales måkslasvésturé nozîmîgais sienas un griestugleznojums imitéja klasicismam rakstu-rîgu arhitektonisko un télniecisko de-koru. 1939. gadå Viß˚u baznîcu nojau-ca un pårveda uz Valmieru. 50. gaduvidü koka éku apßuva ar ˚ie©e¬iem, vé-låk apmeta un nokråsoja.

Jaunåkas kristîgås konfesijas — ad-ventistu — dievnams, kam askétiskasformas un nedaudz izteiksmîgåks por-tåls, tika uzcelts 20. gadsimta 30. ga-dos. Tajå péc izlikßanas no Svétå Sî-maña baznîcas vairåk nekå divdesmitgadu notika arî Valmieras evañ©éliskiluteriskås draudzes dievkalpojumi.

THE ROMANCATHOLIC CHURCHOF THE HOLY VIRGIN MARY

The Roman Catholic congregationat Valmiera was re-established in themid-1930s. The simple forms of thechurch are in fact those of the 17th cen-tury Viß˚i Catholic Church, whose ceil-ing-pieces and murals, important forart history of Latgale, imitate Classicalarchitectural and sculptural decoration.In 1939, Viß˚i Church was dismantledand brought to Valmiera. In the mid-50s, the wooden building was brickedover. Later, a layer rendering was add-ed and the building was painted.

The church of the most recentChristian denomination — the SeventhDay Adventists — with its ascetic formsand somewhat more expressive portal,was built in the 1930s. For more thantwo decades, after being forced out ofSt Simon’s, the Valmiera EvangelicalLutheran Congregation also held itsservices here.

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RÅTSLAUKUMSKådreizéjås viduslaiku pilsétas neatñemamå sa-

ståvda¬a — tirgus laukums — savas funkcijas pildî-ja lîdz pat 30. gadu vidum. Paßreizéjo izskatu tasieguva péc tam, kad 30. gadu nogalé, gatavojoties1940. gadå Helsinkos nenotikußajåm olimpiskajåmspélém un veicinot vietéjo türismu, uzcéla viesnîcu(arhitekts Kårlis Cinåts). Péckara gados to paaug-stinåja par vienu ståvu un tur pårcélås rajona unpilsétas paßvaldîbas. Valmieras arhitekta Ivara Mar-tinsona projekts respekté vésturiskås vides ierobe-Ωojoßås iespéjas. Tå malå ékas, kurå atrodas Val-mieras teåtra administråcijas telpas un aktieru©érbtuves, vietå 1789. gadå uzcéla tiesas namu.Necilo vienståva koka éku, kurå kopß 18. gadsimtabeigåm darbojås Valmieras råte, bet vélåk lîdz1926. gadam atradås pilsétas valde, nojauca 1940.gadå. Råtslaukumå bieΩi notiek pasåkumi, arî at-jaunotais vésturiskais Simjüda (no apustu¬u Sîmañaun Jüdas vårda) gadatirgus un Ziemassvétku tir-dziñß.

THE TOWN SQUAREThis essential element of a medieval town — the

market square — retained its functions right up tothe mid-1930s. It obtained its present appearanceafter a hotel (designed by Kårlis Cinåts) was builthere to promote tourism in the late 1930s, in therun-up to the planned 1940 Helsinki Olympics. Inthe post-war years, another floor was added and thedistrict and city municipal authorities were trans-ferred here. The design, by Valmiera architect IvarsMartinsons, respects the restrictions imposed bythis historic setting. Next to this site, the court-house had been built in 1789, on the spot whereValmiera Theatre now has its administrative officesand dressing rooms. This humble single-storey build-ing, the home of the Town Council from the late18th century onwards, and the City ExecutiveBoard up to 1926, was demolished in 1940. Manyevents are held in the Town Square, including there-enlivened historic Simjüds Annual Fair (thename deriving from the Apostles Simon and Jude).

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HANZAS SIENA ir namu fasådes gleznojums Valmieras centrå.

Tas tapa, lai atgådinåtu par Valmieras tikpat kåzudußo viduslaiku posmu. Gleznojuma autori JånisTançers un Zane Gudina. Tajå apvienoti AbrahamaOrtéliusa 1570. gada kartes fragments, Hanzas sa-vienîbas varenîbas laika raksturîgais pårvietoßanåslîdzeklis — koge — un Valmieras senåkais ©erbo-nis, kas saglabåjies 1524. gada zîmoga nospiedumå.

THE HANSA WALL is a mural enhancing house facades in the centre

of Valmiera, created as a reminder of the city’s me-dieval heritage, which has virtually all been lost.The mural is the work of Jånis Tançers and ZaneGudina. It includes a fragment of a 1570 map byAbraham Ortelius, a picture of a cog — the char-acteristic means of transport in the heyday of theHanseatic League, and the earliest coat of arms ofValmiera, preserved in the form of an impressionfrom 1524.

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VALMIERAS VALSTS ÌIMNÅZIJA

1902. gadå Valmierå såka darboties skolotåjuseminårs, jo Valkas pilsétas valde nepieß˚îra zemitå büvniecîbai Valkå. Rîgas måcîbu apgabala arhi-tekta A. Kîzelbaßa projektéto skolotåju seminåraéku netålu no Gaujas, toreizéjås pilsétas nomalé,pabeidza gadu vélåk. No dzelteniem un sarkaniem˚ie©e¬iem celtå éka laika gaitå zaudéjusi tås vidus-da¬å bijußo torni ar pareizticîgo baznîcåm rakstu-rîgo sîpolveida kupolu, bet tås korpusu sareΩ©îtoizvietojumu, kas plånå atgådina burtu “E”, médzsaistît ar vårdu “evañ©élijs”.

Skolotåju seminåra darbîbas laikå lîdz Pirmajampasaules karam tajå måcîjußies gan vélåk atzîti sko-lotåji, gan pazîstami sabiedriskie un kultüras dar-binieki, måkslinieki, rakstnieki — Gustavs Klucis,Hermanis Aplociñß, Péteris Kundziñß, rakstniekiJånis Ezeriñß un Leons Paegle, vésturnieks JånisStraubergs, komponists Jékabs Graubiñß. Vairåkusseminåra audzékñus no tå izslédza par piedalîßanos1905.–1907. gada revolücijå. Tagad ßajå ékå dar-bojas Valmieras Valsts ©imnåzija.

VALMIERA GRAMMAR SCHOOL

The Teacher’s Seminary opened in Valmiera in1902 simply because the authorities in the town ofValka would not grant land for building it. Thebuilding for the Seminary, designed by the RigaSchool District architect A. Kieselbasch and sitednot far from the Gauja, at that time on the outskirtsof the town, was completed a year later. The yel-low-and-red brick building has in the course oftime lost its central tower with the characteristiconion-shaped cupola of Orthodox churches. Thecomplicated E-shaped layout of the blocks is gener-ally regarded as representing the word “Evangel”.

Up to the time of the First World War, the Tea-chers’ Seminary was attended by many later well-known teachers, prominent social activists, culturalfigures, artists and writers. These include artistsGustavs Klucis and Péteris Kundziñß, writers JånisEzeriñß and Leons Paegle, historian Jånis Strau-bergs and composer Jékabs Graubiñß. Several semi-nary pupils were expelled for participating in theRevolution of 1905. Nowadays, the building ishome to Valmiera Grammar School.

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VALMIERAS 5. VIDUSSKOLA

Trîsdesmito gadu otrås puses valsts labvélîgoattieksmi pret sabiedrisko büvju celtniecîbu aplieci-na vairåkas Valmieras ékas, arî 1941. gadå çekistunogalinåtå Arnolda Çuibes projektétås neoeklek-tiskås skolu ékas — 5. vidusskola (såkotnéji Val-mieras komercskola) un zemga¬u virsaißa Viesturavårdå nodévétå 3. vidusskola —, kas saglabåjußasne tikai büvformas, bet arî ne vienu vien laikamraksturîgu interjera deta¬u.

VALMIERA 5TH SECONDARY SCHOOL

The favourable attitude of the state towards theprovision of new public buildings in the second halfof the 1930s is attested by several examples inValmiera. These include the Neoeclectic school-houses designed by Arnolds Çuibe (who was killedby the Soviet secret police in 1941): the 5th Secon-dary School (originally Valmiera School of Com-merce) and the 3rd Secondary School, named afterthe ancient Semigallian chieftain Viesturs, whichhas preserved not only its external appearance, butalso various details of the interior characteristic ofthat period.

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VIDZEMES AUGSTSKOLA

1996. gadå Vidzemes paßvaldîbu dibinåtå re©io-nålå augstskola 2001. gadå k¬uva par valsts augstå-ko måcîbu iestådi. Vidzemes Augstskola ir viena noprestiΩåkajåm Latvijas augstskolåm. Türisma orga-nizåcijas un vadîbas, Informåciju tehnolo©ijas,Politolo©ijas, Sabiedrisko attiecîbu un Biznesavadîbas noda¬å måcås vairåk nekå 1100 studentu.Lielåkå da¬a augstskolas studentu ir no Vidzemes.

VIDZEME UNIVERSITY COLLEGE

Regional college, established in 1996 by thelocal authorities of Vidzeme in 2001 turned into astate higher education institution. Vidzeme Univer-sity College is one of Latvia’s most prestigious high-er education establishments. More than 1100 stu-dents study in the departments of Tourism Organi-sation and Management, Information Technolo-gies, Political Science, Communication and PublicRelations, and Business Administration.

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VALMIERAS MÅKSLASVIDUSSKOLA

Izstiepto Valmieras draudzes skolas namu uz-céla 1844. gadå nodegußås ékas vietå. Íî måcîbuieståde tajå darbojås lîdz pat pagåjußå gadsimta 20. gadiem. Draudzes skolas telpas izmantoja arî1839. gadå dibinåtais Vidzemes draudzes skolotåjuseminårs, kas lîdz 1849. gadam skolotåja un tautasdziesmu våcéja Jåña Cimzes (viñß zîméjis ßîs ékasplånu) vadîbå darbojås Valmierå. Kopß 1984. gadaizremontéto éku izmanto Valmieras Måkslas vidus-skola, kas vélåk tika pårveidota par Vidzemé vie-nîgo måkslas vidusskolu. Lîdzås tai atrodas pécsenåm fotogråfijåm rekonstruétå akmens mürasaimniecîbas éka.

VALMIERA SECONDARY ART SCHOOL

The long building originally housing the Val-miera Parish School was built on the site of an ear-lier building that burned down in 1844. This teach-ing establishment functioned right up to the 1920s.The Parish School premises were also utilised bythe Vidzeme Parish Teachers’ Seminary, establishedin 1839, which existed in Valmiera up to 1849,headed by teacher and folksong collector JånisCimze (who drew a plan of this building). Since1984, the renovated building has been the home ofValmiera Secondary Art School, later transformedinto Vidzeme’s only secondary school of art. Theoutbuilding next to it is a reconstruction of a histo-ric stone building, recreated after old photographs.

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UNIBANKAS VALMIERASFILIÅLES ‰KA

Såkotnéjå Valsts zemes bankas Valmieras noda-¬as éka ir viens no tîråkajiem funkcionålisma stilaparaugiem Latvijå un arhitekta Anßa Kalniña labå-kais darbs. Kopß uzcelßanas (1931.–1932. gads)éka izmantota finanßu darbîbai. 20. gs. 90. gadosto remontéjot, ievérota bijîga attieksme pret ori©i-nålo interjeru, gan saglabåjot daΩådas interjera unapdares deta¬as, gan restauréjot kråsojumu vairå-kås Unibankas Valmieras filiåles publiski pieejamåstelpås.

VALMIERA BRANCH OF THE UNIBANK

The building originally constructed for the Val-miera Branch of the State Land Bank represents oneof Latvia’s purest examples of Functionalist archi-tecture, the finest work by architect Ansis Kalniñß.The building has been home to financial institu-tions ever since it was built, in 1931–1932. In thecourse of renovation work in the 1990s, care wastaken to preserve various details of the originalinteriors and restore the paintwork in several pub-licly-accessible rooms in what is now the ValmieraBranch of the Unibank of Latvia.

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VIDZEMES APGABALTIESANeoeklektisko éku péc arhitekta Kår¬a Cinåta

projekta uzcéla îsi pirms Otrå pasaules kara 1939.gadå. Padomju okupåcijas laikå éku, ko dévéja par“Balto måju”, izmantoja Latvijas Komunistiskåspartijas komiteja un Valmieras rajona Tautas depu-tåtu padome. Labi uzturétajå namå saglabåjusiesvairåku telpu interjera apdare, jo îpaßi uzmanîbasvérta zåle ar renesanses stilå veidotu interjeru otrajåståvå.

VIDZEME REGIONAL COURTThis Neoeclectic building, designed by Kårlis

Cinåts, was built just before the Second World War,in 1939. Popularly known as the “White House”,during the Soviet occupation this building housedthe local Committee of the Latvian CommunistParty and the Valmiera District Soviet of Peoples’Deputies. In this well-maintained building, the orig-inal interior décor is preserved in several rooms.Noteworthy is the first-floor hall with its Renais-sance-style interiors.

UGUNSDZ‰S‰JUTORNIS

20. gadsimtå såkumå Valmieråbija divi lîdzîgi no sarkanajiem ˚ie-©e¬iem büvéti ugunsdzéséju torñi.Otrs atradås tirgus laukumå iepretîValmieras Svétå Sîmaña baznîcaitagadéjå paßvaldîbas nama vietå. Íajåindustriålås arhitektüras mantojumaparaugå izmantoti no viduslaiku pi¬usargtorñiem aizgüti elementi.

THE FIRE TOWERAt the beginning of the 20th cen-

tury, Valmiera had two similar red-brick fire towers. The second was onthe Market Square, opposite StSimon’s Church, on the present siteof the local authority building. Thishistoric example of industrial archi-tecture utilises elements borrowedfrom medieval defensive towers.

AMATNIEKUNAMIˆÍ

Arhitekta Gustava Lenåna privåt-måja, ko péc viña projekta uzcéla 30. gadu vidü, saudzîgi izmantojotdabisko reljefu, ir Latvijas arhitek-türå reti sastopams Art Deco stilaparaugs.

THE CRAFTSMEN’SMAISONETTE

The home of architect GustavsLenåns, which he designed in themid-1930s, making sensitive use ofthe natural relief, is a rare example inLatvia of Art Deco architecture.

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STÅVIE KRASTI ir vairåkus simtus metru garais Gaujas krasta

atsegums, kas 19. gadsimta beigås k¬uva par val-mierießu iecienîtu atpütas vietu. Pirms gadiem trîs-desmit, çetrdesmit ßî vieta ce¬veΩos tika minéta kåîpaßi nozîmîga tådé¬, ka to 1917. gadå bija apmek-léjis ASV komunistu partijas dibinåtåjs un gråma-tas par bo¬ßeviku apvérsumu Péterburgå “10 die-nas, kas satricinåja pasauli” autors DΩons Rîds.

THE STEEP RIVERBANK, stretching for several hundred metres along the

Gauja, became a favourite leisure area for Valmieraresidents in the late 19th century. Thirty or fortyyears ago, this location was mentioned in guide-books as being particularly important, because ithad been visited in 1917 by John Reed, founder ofthe Communist Party of the USA and author of thebook “Ten Days that Shook the World”, about theBolshevik coup in Petrograd.

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KAZU KRÅCESatrodas vienu Gaujas lîkumu pirms pilsétas

centra un var sagådåt daΩus satraucoßus brîΩus,ierodoties Valmierå ar laivu no Strençu puses. Péc1926. gada postoßajiem plüdiem, kad upe aizska-loja da¬u piekrastes p¬aviñas, abi upes krasti no-stiprinåti ar på¬iem. 80. gadu beigås te tika uzsåktidarbi, nedaudz saßaurinot Gaujas gultni, lai izvei-dotu droßåku un åtråku trasi airéßanas slalomatreniñiem un sacensîbåm.

THE KAZU (“GOAT”)RAPIDS,

on the first bend in the River Gauja upstream ofthe city, may provide some thrilling moments for

all those arriving in Valmiera by boat from thedirection of Strençi. After the major floods of 1926,when the riverbank meadows were partly washedaway, both banks of the river were reinforced withpiles. In the late 1980s, work began here to slightlynarrow the bed of the Gauja in order to create asafer and faster whitewater slalom course for train-ing and races.

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VALMIERAS TILTILîdz 1865. gadam, kad tajå paßå vietå, kur

tagad atrodas pilsétas nozîmîgåkais tilts, uzcélapirmo tiltu pår Gauju, kas savienoja abas pilsétasda¬as, Valmierå no KaugurmuiΩas varéja nok¬üt,izmantojot pårceltuvi. Netålu no tilta atrodas kåd-reizéjie ledus pagrabi. Nogåzé virs tiem vismaz sep-tiñdesmit gadu ik vasaru tiek atjaunota pu˚udobear Valmieras vårdu.

Valmierå pår Gauju ir çetri tilti — divi no tiemgåjéju. Vanßu tilts atrodas netålu no Pauku prie-dém, kur pavasaros tiek rîkots Valmieras rokfes-tivåls. Pa Vanßu tiltu Pårgaujas iedzîvotåji var åtråknok¬üt Jåña Daliña stadionå vai pilsétas estrådé.Senåkais Valmieras tilts ir 1912. gadå uzbüvétaisAinaΩu–Valmieras–Smiltenes ßaurslieΩu dzelzce¬atilts, kura dzelzs konstrukcija novietota uz laukak-mens müra balstiem. Péc dzelzce¬a slégßanas 70.gados tilts lîdz ar dzelzce¬a uzbérumu k¬uvis parkåjåmgåjéju un riteñbraucéju iecienîtu ce¬u.

THE BRIDGES OF VALMIERAUp to 1865, when the first bridge spanning the

Gauja was built on the present location of the mainbridge connecting the two parts of the town, Val-miera was accessible from Kauguri Manor only byferry. Not far from the bridge are the old ice cellars.Recreated every summer for at least seventy yearson the slope above is a flowerbed displaying thetown’s name.

Valmiera has four bridges across the Gauja, twoof which are pedestrian bridges. The SuspensionBridge is near the “Paukas Pines”, where the Val-miera Rock Festival is held in spring. It givesValmiera residents easy access to the Jånis DaliñßStadium and the city’s open-air stage. Valmiera’soldest bridge is the one built for the AinaΩi–Val-miera–Smiltene Narrow Gauge Railway in 1912.The steel superstructure is placed on piers of boul-der masonry. After the line was closed in the 1970s,the bridge and the railway embankment became afavourite route for pedestrians and cyclists.

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DZIRNAVU EZERIˆÍ såkotnéji bijusi da¬a no viduslaiku Valmieras

aizsardzîbas sistémas, ko veidoja Råtsupîtes dambjiun slüΩas, ar kuru palîdzîbu tika uzstådinåts üdens,karadarbîbai tuvojoties pilsétai. 19. gadsimtå tas,tåpat kå Råtsupîte, noß˚îra pilsétu no Valmiermui-Ωas zemes. Dzirnavu ezeriñß atrodas pilsétas vidus-laiku nocietinåjuma — Zilå bastiona — pakåjé.Ëdensdzirnavas iepretî tagadéjai Valmieras Dråmasteåtra ékai darbojås jau kopß 17. gadsimta, bet toéku nojauca 1937. gadå.

ELKU SALIˆAir pirmskristietîbas laika kulta vieta, kur, péc

noståstiem, senatné bijusi svétbirzs vai, péc citasversijas — tur kådreiz audzis svétozols un atradu-ßies Dievu — Pérkona, Potrimpa un Pîkola — téli.1979. gada izrakumos tajå tika atsegtas trîs pa-vardu pédas. Netålu no tås tecéja Svétavots, kampiemitußas dziednieciskas spéjas.

THE MILLPOND originally formed part of the defences of

Valmiera, which incorporated dams and sluicegates on the Råtsupîte stream, used to raise thewater level if there was a threat of attack. In the19th century, along with the Råtsupîte, the pondserved to divide the town from the land of ValmieraManor. The Millpond lies at the foot of a medievaldefensive structure — the Blue Bastion. The water-mill, which was opposite the present ValmieraTheatre building, existed right from the 17th cen-tury, and was demolished in 1937.

IDOL ISLAND is pre-Christian sacred site. According to legend,

there was once a holy grove here or a holy oak withimages of the Gods Pérkons, Potrimps and Pîkols.In the course of archaeological excavation in 1979,the remains of three hearths were found. No farfrom this place is the Holy Spring, credited withhealing powers.

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KARÅTAVU KALNIˆÍ,saukts arî par Runtiñkalnu, ir viduslaiku soda

vieta, kas atradås årpus pilsétas. Karåtavu kalniñå1919. gada decembrî noßåva un apbedîja 11 komu-nistiski noskañotus jaunießus. Padomju laikå ßovietu pårdévéja par Komjaunießu kalniñu un iz-mantoja propagandas nolükos, rîkojot uz to arîlåpu gåjienus. Pirmais péckara monumentålais an-samblis (télnieks Jånis Zariñß) Latvijå tika atklåts1949. gadå. Tas apvieno izmantoto materiålu pie-ticîbu ar gaumîgi iekårtotu vidi.

GALLOWS HILL, also known as Runtiñkalns, is a medieval place

of punishment, lying outside the town limits. OnGallows Hill, 11 Communist youths were shot andburied in December 1919. In the Soviet era, theplace was renamed “Communard Hill” and ex-ploited for propaganda purposes, even organisingprocessions by torchlight. The first major post-warmonument in Latvia was unveiled here in 1949 (bysculptor Jånis Zariñß). Quite simple materials havebeen used, and a tasteful setting has been created.

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VECPUIÍU PARKS izveidots, apvienojot divus nelielus parkus —

årsta, Valmieras pilsétas galvas un mecenåta Ge-orga Apiña pilsétai dåvinåto parku aiz kådreizéjåpilsétas valdes nama un 1914. gadå atklåto pub-lisko Pilsétas parku, ko iekårtoja Liljes måju vietå.Tå dibinåtåji — astoñi tolaik pazîstami Valmierasiedzîvotåji — novéléja, ka péc viñu nåves tam pa-kåpeniski jåpåriet pilsétas îpaßumå. Lielåkå da¬a noviñiem neapprecéjås, tådé¬ parks ieguva Vecpuißuparka vårdu. Gados péc Otrå pasaules kara pécFreiberga projekta uzcelto paviljonu izmantoja ganpar pilsétas kultüras namu, gan sporta zåli. Ilgulaiku namu neizmantoja; pielågojot kafejnîcas unboulinga zåles vajadzîbåm, saglabåja gan tam rak-sturîgås galerijas, gan atjaunoja vairåkas fasådesdeta¬as. Kåds noståsts vésta, ka tornîtis, kurå pa-viljona atklåßanas dienå muzicéja or˚estris, uzcelts,lai varétu vérot Haleja kométas tuvoßanos.

THE BACHELORS’ PARK was created by joining two small parks: a park

behind the former house of the town executiveboard, donated to the town by the medical doctorand Mayor of Valmiera Georgs Apinis, and thepublic Town Park opened in 1914, established onthe site of the Lilje Farm. The creators of the park —eight well-known Valmiera residents — bequeathedthe park to the town, to whose ownership it shouldgradually be transferred after their death. Most ofthem never married, so the park obtained the name“Bachelors’ Park”. The pavilion designed by Frei-bergs served in the years after the Second WorldWar as the town’s cultural centre and as a sportshall. For a long time it was disused. Now it hasbeen adapted to the needs of a café and bowlinghall, although the characteristic galleries have beenretained, and various exterior elements have beenrestored. It is said that the small tower, where theorchestra played on the opening day of the pavi-lion, was built in order to observe the approach ofHalley’s Comet.

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MEMORIÅLAIS ANSAMBLISLUCAS KALNÅ

Arheolo©iskie izrakumi pierådîjußi — 13.–15.gadsimtå Lucas kalnå atradusies vietéjo iedzîvotåjuapmetne. Par ßo kalnu izteikts pieñémums — tåbijusi ar latga¬u pilskalnu saistîta svétvieta. Pils-kalnå våcießi vélåk uzcélußi müra pili. 1985. gadåpabeigtais Otrajå pasaules karå kritußo padomjukaravîru un faßisma terora upuru memoriålais an-samblis Lucas kalnå bija viens no pédéjiem ßådaveida darbiem Latvijå. To izveidoja, lai vienkopuspårapbedîtu kara beigås kritußos un rajona pagas-tos apbedîtos padomju armijas karavîrus, kå arîfaßisma terora upurus. Péc arhitektu ‰valda Foge¬a,Jåña Lejnieka, Jåña Rutka un Andra Vîtola pro-jekta, kas tapis, sadarbojoties ar télniekiem Zigrîduun Juri Rapåm, izveidots ansamblis, kas respekté

dabas formas un pilsétas mérogus.Tå apdarei, tåpat kå Rîgas Brå¬ukapos, izmantots AllaΩu ßünakmens,bet galvenais téls ir Valmieras©erboña saß˚eltå liepa. Lai arî da¬aelementu, arî bronzas åboli, kas bijanovietoti zem augoßas åbeles unkurå autori bija ießifréjußi par an-samb¬a konkréto veltîjumu vispårî-gåkas idejas, zudusi 90. gados, kadLatviju postîja kråsaino metålu våk-ßanas kampaña, tomér tås kopumsir saglabåjies.

THE MEMORIALENSEMBLE ONLUCA HILL

Archaeological excavation hasshown that in the 13th–15th centu-ry, Luca Hill was the site of a settle-ment of the indigenous inhabitants.It has been suggested that the hillwas a sacred site connected with aLatgallian hill-fort. Later, the Ger-mans built a stone castle here. TheMemorial Ensemble for the SovietSoldiers Killed in the Second WorldWar and the Victims of the NaziTerror on Luca Hill completed in1985, was one of the last suchworks erected in Latvia. It was cre-ated in order to rebury at one site allthe Soviet soldiers who fell in thefinal part of the war and had beenburied in various parishes of thisdistrict, as well as victims of theNazi terror. The design, by archi-

tects ‰valds Fogelis, Jånis Lejnieks, Jånis Rutkisand Andris Vîtols, created in collaboration withsculptors Zigrîda and Juris Rapa, respects the na-tural forms and the scale of the city. AllaΩi Tufa isthe stone utilised for decoration — the same as hasbeen used for the Military Cemetery in Riga. Themain feature is the lime tree from the Valmiera coatof arms — which is shown torn asunder. Certainelements, such as the bronze apples placed under agrowing apple tree, symbolise more general ideasthan the specific idea behind this memorial en-semble. The apples were stolen in the 1990s, whenLatvia suffered much damage in the rush to collectand sell precious metals. Nevertheless, the monu-ment has generally remained intact.

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VALMIERAS DRÅMASTEÅTRIS

ir Vidzemé vienîgais profesionålais teåtris. Tåpirmsåkumi saistîti ar 1919. gadå dibinåto Val-mieras Padomes teåtri. 20. gadsimta 20.–30. gadostas brîΩiem darbojås kå profesionåls, palaikam kåamatieru teåtris. Péckara gados teåtri, ko toreizsauca par Leona Paegles Valsts Valmieras dråmasteåtri, vairåk nekå trîsdesmit gadus vadîja PéterisLücis — le©endårais Oskara lomas atveidotåjs populåråkajå pirmskara filmå “Zvejnieka déls”.Teåtra vésturiskås telpas, kas da¬éji bija uzceltas uzTérbatas bastiona un ko veidoja 1882. gadå nodi-binåtås Latvießu biedrîbas iegådåtå privåtmåja,kam daΩus gadus vélåk piebüvéja izrîkojumu zåli,tika nojauktas, lai vietå uzceltu teåtra jauno éku.Tås septiñpadsmit gadu ilgußo büvniecîbu pabeidza2004. gada nogalé. Valmieras Dråmas teåtrî iestudégalvenokårt reålpsiholo©iska rakstura lugas, kas,tåpat kå aktieri, bieΩi iegüst “Spélmañu nakts” bal-vas. Teåtra ékå notiek arî koncerti un måkslasizstådes, vietéjas un starptautiskas konferences.Teåtris, kura iepriekßéjås telpås Rüdolfs Blaumanis1905. gadå iestudéja un arî pats téloja lugå“Ugunî”, iedibinåjis dramaturgam veltîta festivålatradîciju.

VALMIERA DRAMA THEATRE

is the only professional theatre in the Vidzemeregion, tracing its origins back to the ValmieraSoviet Theatre, founded in 1919. In the 1920s and30s, it fluctuated between professional and amateurstatus. In the post-war years, the theatre, thenknown as the Leons Paegle State Valmiera DramaTheatre, was led for more than three decades byPéteris Lücis — who had became famous in the roleof Oskars in the popular pre-war film “Fisherman’sSon”. The old theatre premises, in a private homepartially overlying the former Tartu Bastion, whichhad been acquired by the Latvian Society (foundedin 1882), and had been augmented with a hall someyears later, were demolished in order to make wayfor a new theatre building. Under construction forseventeen years, it was finally completed in late2004. Psychological realism dominates in produc-tions by Valmiera Drama Theatre, and the produc-tions and actors have often won national prizes.Also held in the theatre are concerts, art exhibitionsand conferences. The theatre has established a fes-tival tradition dedicated to the Latvian playwrightRüdolfs Blaumanis: in 1905, he directed and playedin a production of his own work “In the Fire”.

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A. Çehova lugas “Tévocis Vaña” iestudéjums (2003)A production of Chekhov’s “Uncle Vanya” (2003)

H. Ibsena lugas “Jüras meita” iestudéjums (2004)A production of Ibsen’s “The Lady from the Sea” (2004)

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KINOTEÅTRIS “GAISMA”1951. gadå uzceltais kinoteåtris (projekta autors

ˆesterjuks) lîdz ar Rîgas ielå netålu esoßo “vecounîti” (arhitekts Péteris Saulîtis, 1953.–1955. gads)bija vienas no pirmajåm ékåm, ko Valmierå uzcélapéc Otrå pasaules kara. Tås ir iespaidîgi Sta¬inalaika celtniecîbas paraugi, kas lîdz müsdienåm sa-glabåjußi arî lielu da¬u såkotnéjå interjera apdares.Kinoteåtra “Gaisma” arhitektürå — galvenås faså-des portikveida nißa — nepårprotama lîdzîba arvairåkåm 30. gadu otrås puses Latvijas Republikassabiedrisko celtñu retrospektîvajåm tendencém. Fa-sådes un interjera rotåjumå — kiçîgs un absurdslatvießu etnogråfisko un padomju simbolikas ap-vienojums, kå arî laikam raksturîgu siΩetu izman-tojums.

THE “GAISMA” CINEMAThe cinema, dating from 1951 (designed by

Nesteryuk), along with the “old supermarket” onRîgas Street from 1953–55 (designed by PéterisSaulîtis), were among the first buildings construct-ed in Valmiera after the Second World War. Theseare impressive examples of Stalinist architecture,which have retained a large proportion of theiroriginal interior decoration. The architecture of the“Gaisma” Cinema, with the niche resembling aportico in the front of the building, betrays an un-deniable resemblance to the retrospective tenden-cies seen in many public buildings from the secondhalf of the 1930s, in the time of the Republic ofLatvia. The exterior and interior decoration fea-tures a kitschy and absurd combination of Latvianethnographic motifs and Soviet symbols, alongwith scenes typical for this period.

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JňA DALIˆA STADIONS1938. gadå atklåto Jåña Daliña stadionu såka

büvét 30. gadu vidü, jo senåkais LimbaΩu ielassporta dårzs bija par mazu, lai varétu sarîkot starp-tautiskas sacensîbas un tajå iek¬ütu visi, kas véléjåsredzét Latvijas tålaika populåråko sportistu JåniDaliñu. Latvijas so¬otåjs, kurß 1932. gada Losan-dΩelosas olimpiskajås spélés izcînîja sudraba me-da¬u un vairåkkårt laboja pasaules rekordus, lîdz arizciliem zinåtniekiem, kultüras un sabiedriskajiemdarbiniekiem k¬uva par Tévzemes balvas laureåtu.Péckara gados Jånis Daliñß dzîvoja Austrålijå, betapbedîts Valmieras pilsétas kapos. StadionamDaliña vårdu pieß˚îra Atmodas laikå. Rekonstrué-tajå stadionå sarîkoja pirmås TrîszvaigΩñu spéles,un ik vasaru tajå tiek izcînîta Valsts prezidentabalva vieglatlétikå.

THE JÅNIS DALIˆÍ STADIUMWork began in the mid-1930s on the Jånis Da-

liñß Stadium, opened in 1938. The original sportsfield, on LimbaΩu Street, had become too small forinternational events and for all the spectators eager

to see Latvia’s most popular sportsman of the day,Jånis Daliñß. The Latvian racewalker won a silvermedal at the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics and se-veral times broke world records. Along with out-standing figures in science, culture and society, hewas awarded the Fatherland Prize. After the war,Daliñß lived in Australia, but he is buried at Val-miera City Cemetery. The stadium was named afterDaliñß in the time of the National Awakening. Heldin the renovated stadium were the first Three StarsGames, and every summer the President’s Prize inathletics is contested here.

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GALERIJA “LAIPA”Pirms vairåk nekå desmit gadiem izveidota, sek-

mîgi strådåjoßa privåta måkslas galerija, kas gal-venokårt eksponé Vidzemes naivistus, vietéjos pro-fesionå¬us, jaunus måksliniekus. Tås rîkotås izstå-des, glezniecîbas un fotoplenéri aptver ne tikai Val-mieru un Vidzemi.

THE “LAIPA” GALLERYThis successful private art gallery, established

more than a decade ago, mainly displays work bythe naive artists of Vidzeme, local professionalartists and young artists. The scope of its exhibi-tions and plein-air painting and photographyevents extends beyond Valmiera and the Vidzemeregion.

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MÅKSLINIEKA TEODORAËDERA DARBNÈCA

Namå Pårgaujå, kurå atradås måkslinieka Teo-dora Ëdera darbnîca, 20. gadsimta pirmajå puséneilgu laiku dzîvoja vairåki latvießu rakstnieki —Påvils Rozîtis, Linards Laicens, Jånis Zieme¬nieks.Igauña Rooka nama (tagad Teodora Ëdera ielå 9)jumta ståva divås telpås no 1907. lîdz 1915. gadamatradås zîméßanas skolotåja un noma¬å måksliniekaTeodora Ëdera (1868–1915) darbnîca. Viña sim-boliskajiem un skarbu dzîves uztveri iemiesojoßa-jiem ogles zîméjumiem ir bütiska nozîme Latvijas20. gadsimta såkuma måkslå. Teodora Ëdera ietek-mé vairåki viña audzékñi — Emîls Melderis, Ernestsun Arvîds Brastiñi, Marta Lange — nopietni pievér-sås måkslai. 2002. gadå pie nama atklåja télniekaAndra Vårpas veidotu piemiñas plåksni.

THE STUDIO OF ARTISTTEODORS ËDERS

On the opposite bank of the Gauja is a housewhere the studio of artist Teodors Ëders was locat-ed, and which in the first half of the 20th centurywas home for a short time to three Latvian writers:Påvils Rozîtis, Linards Laicens and Jånis Zieme¬-nieks. In two rooms in the attic of this house,owned by an Estonian named Rook (now 9 Teo-dora Ëdera Street), in 1907–1915 was the studio ofdrawing teacher and offbeat artist Teodors Ëders(1868–1915). His symbolic charcoal drawings,revealing a harsh perception of life, have a signifi-cant place in early 20th century Latvian art. Withhis encouragement, several of his pupils — EmîlsMelderis, Ernests and Arvîds Brastiñß and MartaLange — later developed into major artists. In2002, a memorial plaque by sculptor Andris Vårpawas unveiled at the house.

Teodora Ëdera glezna “Paßportrets ar Rubensu” (1907)“Self-portrait with Rubens”, a painting by T. Ëders (1907)

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SKULPTËRA “IZIRUÍÅS ROZES”

Kår¬a Zåles apjomîgå skulptüra “Izirußås rozes”îsti neiederas nelielajå Dîvala kapsétå un såkotnéjibija domåta Rîgas Brå¬u kapiem, bet 50. gados turneuzstådîto darbu, iespéjams, paglåbjot no iznî-cinåßanas, pårveda uz Valmieru. Dîvala kapsétasnosaukums, iespéjams, ir lejasvåcu vårda deiwel(velns) latviskojums, ar ko péc kristietîbas ievießa-nas varéja apzîmét kulta vietu netålajå Elku saliñå.

THE SCULPTURE “THE WILTED ROSES”

The major sculpture “The wilted roses” by KårlisZåle, in the Dîvals Cemetery is somewhat inappro-priate for such a small cemetery. It was originallyintended for the Military Cemetery in Riga, but inthe 1950s the work, which had not been erected onthe intended site, was possibly saved from destruc-tion by being brought to Valmiera. The name of theDîvals Cemetery may be a Latvian adaptation ofthe Lower German word deiwel (“Devil”), possiblya reference after the advent of Christianity to thesacred site at the nearby Idol Island.

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SKULPTËRA“VELTÈJUMS JAUNAJAMGADSIMTAM”

Tolaik vél Måkslas aka-démijas studenta télniekaGintera Krumholca darbs2001. gadå tika uzstådîtsvésturiskajå Garnizona lau-kumå Eiropas kultüras man-tojuma dienu laikå, netåluno 18. gadsimta beigås uz-celtås Krievijas tipveida zir-gu pasta stacijas ékas, kuruzturéjås tie, kas arî 19. gad-simtå izmantoja zviedrulaikå izveidoto ce¬u, lai no-k¬ütu gan Péterburgå, ganRietumeiropå. Íî skulptürak¬uvusi par jauno Valmierassimbolu.

THE SCULPTURE“GIFT TO THE NEWCENTURY”

This work, by sculptorGinters Krumholcs, then astudent at the Latvian Aca-demy of Art, was erected in2001 in the historic Garri-son Square during the Eu-ropean Heritage Days. Itlies near the typical 18thcentury Russian post horsestation, which provided ser-vices for those who in the19th century used the roadbuilt already in the time ofSwedish rule to reach StPetersburg or Western Eu-rope. The sculpture has be-come the new symbol ofValmiera.

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Netålu no Valmieras atrodas vairåki uzmanîbasvérti objekti. To starpå populåråkie un sakoptåkie —Sietiñiezis (Vaidavas pagastå) — 15 m augsts baltåsmilßakmens atsegums Gaujas labajå krastå; Zilaiskalns (Kocénu pagastå) — sena kulta vieta, kuråreiz atradies svétvietu komplekss, kas saistîts arLîgo svétku tradîcijåm, bieΩi pieminéts teikås, arîliteråros darbos; kådreiz baronam Paulam Volfam

Not far from Valmiera are several sites worthvisiting. The most popular and best-maintainedinclude Sietiñiezis Rock (Vaidava Parish) — a 15-metre-high exposure of white sandstone on theright bank of the Gauja; Zilais kalns (“Blue Moun-tain”, Kocéni Parish) — which once had a complexof ancient sacred sites connected with the Midsum-mer (Lîgo) traditions, mentioned in many legends

piederéjusî Dik¬u muiΩas neobarokålå pils, kurå, to pielågojot viesnîcas vajadzîbåm, tika restaurétsvairåku telpu 19. gadsimta interjers; sporta båze“Bai¬i” — iecienîts kalnu slépoßanas centrs. Tånosaukums aizgüts no kådreiz tå vietå bijußajåmzemnieku måjåm, ko pagåjußajå gadsimta 30. ga-dos pazina kå vietéjo Norvé©iju.

and literary works; the Neobaroque Dik¬i Manor-House formerly belonging to Baron Paul Wolff,where the 19th century interiors have been restoredin several rooms, adapting the house as a hotel; andBai¬i Recreation Centre — a favourite downhill ski-ing resort. The name is derived from the farmsteadonce located on the site, known in the 1930s as“our local piece of Norway”.

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Izdevéjs — SIA “Jumava”, Dzirnavu ielå 73, Rîgå LV 1011.

Iespiests — VZD poligråfijas da¬å “Latvijas karte”, O. Våcießa ielå 43, Rîgå LV 1004.

www.jumava.lv

SATURS

Vésture 4

Pilsdrupas 9

Vecå aptieka 10

Skulptüra “Valmieras puikas” 12

Valterkalniñß 13

Svétå Sîmaña baznîca 15

Svétå RadoñeΩas Sergija baznîca 16

Svétås Jaunavas Marijas Romas 17

kato¬u baznîca

Råtslaukums 18

Hanzas siena 19

Valmieras Valsts ©imnåzija 20

Valmieras 5. vidusskola 21

Vidzemes Augstskola 22

Valmieras Måkslas vidusskola 23

Unibankas Valmieras filiåles éka 24

Vidzemes apgabaltiesa 25

Ugunsdzéséju tornis 26

Amatnieku namiñß 26

Ståvie krasti 28

Kazu kråces 29

Valmieras tilti 31

Dzirnavu ezeriñß 32

Elku saliña 32

Karåtavu kalniñß 33

Vecpuißu parks 34

Memoriålais ansamblis Lucas kalnå 35

Valmieras Dråmas teåtris 36

Kinoteåtris “Gaisma” 38

Jåña Daliña stadions 39

Galerija “Laipa” 40

Måkslinieka Teodora Ëdera darbnîca 41

Skulptüra “Izirußås rozes” 42

Skulptüra “Veltîjums jaunajam gadsimtam” 44

CONTENTS

Historical Background 4

The Castle Ruins 9

The Old Pharmacy 10

The sculpture “Boys of Valmiera” 12

Valterkalniñß 13

St Simon’s Church 15

The Church of St Sergius of Radonezh 16

The Roman Catholic Church of 17

the Holy Virgin Mary

The Town Square 18

The Hansa Wall 19

Valmiera Grammar School 20

Valmiera 5th Secondary School 21

Vidzeme University College 22

Valmiera Secondary Art School 23

Valmiera Branch of Unibank 24

Vidzeme Regional Court 25

The Fire Tower 26

The Craftsmen’s Maisonette 26

The steep riverbank 28

The Kazu (“Goat”) Rapids 29

The bridges of Valmiera 31

The Millpond 32

Idol Island 32

Gallows Hill 33

The Bachelors’ Park 34

The Memorial Ensemble on Luca Hill 35

Valmiera Drama Theatre 36

The “Gaisma” Cinema 38

The Jånis Daliñß Stadium 39

The “Laipa” Gallery 40

The studio of artist Teodors Ëders 41

The sculpture “The wilted roses” 42

The sculpture “Gift to the New Century” 44