user driven innovation in public services
DESCRIPTION
Presentation given at European Commission, DG Education and Culture, on new innovation models in public servicesTRANSCRIPT
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Joint Research Centre (JRC)
User-driven innovation in public services
David Osimo, Alexandra Hache, Kirsti Ala-Mutka, Yves PunieInstitute for Prospective Technological StudiesEuropean Commission - Joint Research Centre
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Outline
1. The context and scope2. Analysis of cases in public services 3. Conclusions and next steps
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ICT-enabled innovation
User-driven
innovation
Innovation in public services
Context: the crossing of three innovation traditions
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ICT-enabled
User-driven In public services
e.g. Alcoholics
anonymous
e.g. Wikipedia
e.g. MIT courseware
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Scope: user driven, ICT-enabled innovation in public services
ICT-enabled
User-driven In public services
e.g. Alcoholics
anonymous
e.g. Wikipedia
e.g. MIT courseware
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Analysis of cases in public services
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Citizens as innovators: everyblock.com
User-driven innovation
Developed by a group of 4 web developers
Public services
Better knowledge of what happens in the neighborhood; increased transparency of government data
ICT dimension
New geo-reference tool developed on purpose, using geo-tagging standards
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Civil society as continuous innovator:
MySociety.org and its network of developersFounded: September ‘03• TheyWorkForYou.com• WriteToThem.com• NotApathetic.com• PledgeBank.com• HearFromYourMP.com• Petitions.pm.gov.uk • FixMyStreet.com• Whatdotheyknow.com• directionlessgov.com • journa-list.com • thepublicwhip.org.uk • commentonthis.com• …
•New actor: civil society•perpetual beta •continuous innovation, •Open source software•Incremental innovation (usability, agility)•open innovation (source, API)•networks, not hyerarchy•Based on public data
JRC Place on dd Month YYYY – Event Name 9Civil servants as innovators:
Feedback and ratings are published on the web. Organizational, not technological innovation.
ICT dimension
Improve national health service by better understanding of users’ needs
Public services
Launched by a single doctor turned-entrepreneur.Involving patients’ contributions.
User-driven innovation
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New way of innovating inside government:
•New actor: individual civil servants•open innovation, informal collaboration and sharing
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Policies to encourage user-driven innovation:
Web-based competition (organizational innovation)ICT
dimension
Reduce Co2 emissions
Public services
Launched by government, but aiming at stimulating citizens contribution
User-driven innovation
JRC Place on dd Month YYYY – Event Name 12Experimentation also in learning
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Implications for public services
• A new WAY to innovate public services– Exploiting the unique knowledge and skills of networked individual
users:learners, teachers, parents, employees…– Continuous and incremental,– Open and non hierarchical, difficult to control– Lowering costs of failure and of trial and error– Building on voluntary engagement and free toolsNot only by government: civil society, citizens, civil servants
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Implications for public services /2
• A new effective DRIVER to address the challenges of innovating public services– citizens’ ratings and reviews: reducing information asymmetries, exposing
inefficiencies through citizen-to-citizen exchanges of information– easier creation of pressure groups to make new needs emergeBecause of:– a wider availability of free IT tools for citizens, civil servants, civil society
(blogs, collaboration tools, geographical applications…) – a culture of public speaking, and increased expectations of openness and
transparency• In education: wider openness of learning materials, exchange of learning
experiences, more public discussions between learners and teachers– Possibility for better informed learning, teaching, selection of learning provider
and topics
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• It might work only for the elite, or in exceptional/specific circumstances
• It works better for incremental innovation than for radical• Not always it is sustainable and up-scalable• Universality of service is a challenge• Risks of destructive behavior
BUT…
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In conclusion
User-driven innovation in public services Long tradition, but new developments Already applied in many different contexts Very difficult to control or to stop, part of a long-term societal change Necessary to take it into account in order to grasp opportunities and
avoid risks
Open questions• What is the real significance and impact?• What are the risks?• What are the enabling factors?• What can government and educational institution do? • Which new forms of governance and certification are needed?