unit 6 lesson 1 energy conversion and conservation copyright © houghton mifflin harcourt publishing...
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Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
Florida Benchmarks
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• SC.7.P.11.2 Investigate and describe the transformation of energy from one form to another.
• SC.7.P.11.3 Cite evidence to explain that energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only changed from one form to another.
Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
Florida Benchmarks
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• MA.6.A.3.6 Construct and analyze tables, graphs, and equations to describe linear functions and other simple relations using both common language and algebraic notation.
• LA.7.4.2.2 The student will record information (e.g., observations, notes, lists, charts, legends) related to a topic, including visual aids to organize and record information, as appropriate, and attribute sources of information.
Perfect Form
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What are some forms of energy?
• Energy can come in many forms.
• Mechanical energy is the sum of an object’s kinetic energy and potential energy.
• Sound energy results from the vibration of particles. This is why sound cannot travel through empty space.
Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
What are some forms of energy?
• Electromagnetic energy is transmitted in the form of electromagnetic waves.
• Electromagnetic waves are produced by the vibration of electrically charged particles.
• Electromagnetic waves can travel through empty space.
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Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
What are some forms of energy?
• Chemical energy is the energy stored in chemical bonds that hold chemical compounds together.
• Thermal energy is the energy an object has due to the motion of its molecules.
• The faster the molecules move, the more thermal energy the object has.
• Heat is the transfer of thermal energy.
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Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
What are some forms of energy?
• Nuclear energy comes from the nucleus of an atom.
• When an atom’s nucleus breaks apart, or when the nuclei of two atoms join together, energy is released.
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Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
Transformers
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What is an energy transformation?
• An energy transformation takes place when energy changes from one form into another form.
• Any form of energy can change into any other form of energy.
• Often one form of energy can change into two or more other forms.
Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
What is an energy transformation?
• In a flashlight, chemical energy is transformed into electrical energy.
• The electrical energy is then transformed into light and thermal energy.
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Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
Is energy conserved?
• A group of objects that transfers energy only to one another is called a closed system.
• In a closed system, all the energy is conserved.
• The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change forms.
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Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
Efficiency Expert!
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How is efficiency measured?
• When energy is transformed from one form to another form, not all of it is turned into useful energy.
• Usually, some energy is also transformed into thermal energy.
• Efficiency is the ratio of useful output energy to input energy.
Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation
How is efficiency measured?
• Energy efficiency is highly desirable because it means as much energy as possible is converted to useful forms.
• Efficiency is calculated by dividing energy out by energy in and then multiplying by 100 percent.
• If less energy is wasted, then less energy is needed to operate a machine.
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Unit 6 Lesson 1 Energy Conversion and Conservation