UNIT 4Chapter 17 – European Renaissance & Reformation

THE RENAISSANCE & REFORMATION

CHAPTER 17: European Renaissance and Reformation, 1300–1600 Two movements, the Renaissance and the Reformation, usher in dramatic social and cultural changes in Europe.

SECTION 1

SECTION 2SECTION 3SECTION 4

Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance The Northern Renaissance Luther Leads the Reformation

The Reformation Continues

OBJECTIVESCORE OBJECTIVE: Explain the conditions in

Europe that brought upon the Renaissance and the Reformation. Objective 4.1: Identify the rise of the Renaissance in Italy

and the values it prized. Objective 4.2: Describe the artistic breakthroughs and

achievements of Renaissance artists and writers.

THEME: Two movements, the Renaissance and the Reformation, usher in dramatic social and cultural changes in Europe.

CHAPTER 17 SECTION 1

ITALY: BIRTHPLACE OF THE RENAISSANCE

The Italian Renaissance is a rebirth of learning that produces many great works of art and literature

RENAISSANCE CAUSES

The RenaissanceRenaissance — an explosion of creativity in art, writing, and

thought from 1300 - 1600 Started in northern Italy

 Advantage #1 City-StatesCrusades spur trade & growth of city-states in northern Italy In 1300s bubonic plague killed 60% of population, disrupts economy Less laborers could demand higher wages

WRITE THIS

DOWN!

CONTINUED …Advantage #2 The Merchant Class

A wealthy merchant class develops (the Medici’s!) In small towns merchants dominated politicsMore emphasis on individual achievement – not inherited

Advantage #3 Greco-Roman ScholarshipArtists, scholars study Latin, Greek manuscripts Scholars move to Rome after fall of Constantinople in 1453 Interest in human achievements leads to Humanists studying

history, literature, philosophy

WRITE THIS

DOWN!

SECULAR ARTS A Different Society

Renaissance society was secular — worldly; non-religious

Wealthy enjoyed fine food, homes, clothes

Patrons of the ArtsPatron — a financial supporter of artists Church leaders spend money on artworks to beautify citiesWealthy merchants became patrons

WRITE THIS

DOWN!

RENAISSANCE MAN The Renaissance Man

Excels in many fields: the classics, art, politics, combat

Baldassare Castiglione’s The Courtier (1528)

The book teaches how to become a “universal” person

The Renaissance WomanUpper-class, educated in

classics, charming Expected to inspire art but not

create it

WRITE THIS

DOWN!

ART Artistic Styles Change

Artists use realistic style copied from classical art, often to portray religious subjects

WRITE THIS DOWN!

Realistic portraits of prominent citizens Sculpture shows natural postures and expressionsPainters use perspective — a way to show three

dimensions on a canvas

Realistic Painting and Sculpture

MODERN PERSPECTIV

E

FAMOUS ARTISTS Leonardo, Renaissance Man

Leonardo da Vinci—painter, sculptor, inventor, scientist

Paints some of the best-known portraits in the world: the Mona Lisa & The Last Supper

Raphael Advances Realism Raphael Sanzio, famous for his use

of perspective Favorite subject: the Madonna and

child → Famous painting: School of Athens

WHO PAINTED WHAT?RAPHAEL DA VINCI

MAIN POINTS!#1 - The Renaissance is a return of learning in Europe

Lasted from 1300–1600

#2 - Starts in Italy for 3 reasons: Small City-States, Wealthy Merchant Power, Greco-Roman Literature

#3 - Writing, Art focus on realism/individual

What value does this Reflect?

The School of Athens by RaphaelHUMANISM

THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE— Assessment

For what is the Medici family famous?A. For being the greatest military leaders of the eraB. For being writersC. For being religious reformersD. For being rulers and supporters of the arts

Which of the following was NOT one of Italy’s advantages that led to the beginning of the Renaissance in that region?A. Smaller city-states that encouraged exchange of ideas B. Most of the gold in Europe was stored in Italian capitalsC. A wealthy merchant class developed with abundant jobs D. The recovery and study of Greek and Roman

manuscripts

THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE— Assessment

For what is the Medici family famous?A. For being the greatest military leaders of the eraB. For being writersC. For being religious reformersD. For being rulers and supporters of the arts

Which of the following was NOT one of Italy’s advantages that led to the beginning of the Renaissance in that region?A. Smaller city-states that encouraged exchange of ideas B. Most of the gold in Europe was stored in Italian

capitalsC. A wealthy merchant class developed with abundant jobs D. The recovery and study of Greek and Roman manuscripts