Understanding Movement Preparation

Chapter 2

Perception

Indirect Perception

– Symbolic representation

– Series of mental processes

– Comparison with existing memory stores

– Associated with information processing model.

Information Processing Model

Input – Perception - Decision Making – Execution - Output - Feedback 

Perception Cont.

Direct Perception

– Affordances

Perception Action

Reaction Time (RT)

Interval of time between the moment that a stimulus is presented to when a response is initiated.

Indicative of the amount of time needed to prepare a response.

Influenced by several factors.

Number of Response Choices

Simple vs. choice RT

Hick’s Law

– Relationship between the number of movement choices and the time needed to prepare a response

– The higher the degree of uncertainty in a given situation, the longer the time needed to decide which response to make

Predicted Relationship Between Number of Stimulus-Response Choices and RT

Components of Response Time

 

Anticipation

Event anticipation

– Predicting what event will happen

Temporal anticipation

– Predicting when an event will happen

Precues

Cost/benefit tradeoff

Psychological Refractory Period (PRP)

Stimulus Response Compatibility

The extent to which a stimulus and its required response are naturally related

Attention

Bottleneck theory

Limited attentional capacity

Things to consider:

– Environmental and task complexity

– Skill level

– Number of cues

Selective attention

Attentional Focus

Arousal 

Cue Utilization Hypothesis