towards open access policy in icar and nars
DESCRIPTION
Towards open access policy in ICAR and NARSTRANSCRIPT
Towards a Policy on Opening Access to Knowledge on Agricultural Research for
Development in ICAR/NARS
What I Am Going to Talk About?
• Why Opening up Access?• Global scenario Vs. Indian Scenario• Initiatives in ICAR/NARS• What Action Plan/Policy in
ICAR/NARS? • Issues on cost, IPR and licensing etc.
Consumer
FertilizerSupplier
Farmer
LocalTransporter
Storage
Packaging
BulkTransporter
Retail Processing
Retail Marketing
Retail Packaging
SeedSupplier
PesticideSupply
Market
Processing
Knowledge Flows in Agricultural Universities,Innovation and Agricultural Market Chains
Extension Support
NARO
Researcher
ResearchManager
Policy Makers Stakeholders
Re-envisioned Agricultural Universities
Information, Knowledge, Skills, Technology
Courtesy: Ajit Maru, GFAR
The Problem
• A lot of valuable information is generated that could guide decisions and resolve problems — but so little is accessible when it is needed!
• We produce results, but what happens to them? It seems that much useful data and information never get published and the farmers don’t seem to benefit.
Source: CIARD
Consumer
FertilizerSupplier
Farmer
LocalTransporter
Storage
Packaging
BulkTransporter
Retail Processing
Retail Marketing
Retail Packaging
SeedSupplier
PesticideSupply
Market
Processing
Knowledge Flows in Agricultural Universities,Innovation and Agricultural Market Chains
Extension Support
NARO
Researcher
ResearchManager
Policy Makers Stakeholders
Re-envisioned Agricultural
Universities ?Information, Knowledge, Skills, Technology
Courtesy: Ajit Maru, GFAR
The Accessibility @ NARS
• At a consultation on ICT use and Development of Knowledge Platforms in Agricultural Education and Extension organized by ICRISAT and Infosys at Hyderabad in December 2012 revealed that most information on websites in India for farmers, if accessible, is still in the form of electronically delivered pamphlets.
Source: Ajit Maru, XI Agricultural Science Congress, 2013
IARI – Availability & Accessibility
• Publications from IARI are available to subscribers of the CeRA – public availability to IARI publications is very meager.
• Availability and accessibility of IARI publications (2008–2010), only 9% were open access journals and 14% of the published articles could be found on Eprints@IARI.
• Thus, only up to 23% of the IARI’s published literature is available and accessible to the public.
Tandon et.al. 2013 (pre-print)
The Barriers
• No mandate for researchers to make their data, information and knowledge publicly accessible.
• Does not have infrastructure and tools to make data, information and knowledge openly accessible.
• Insufficient technical expertise on opening up access to knowledge.
Source: CIARD
The Solution
• Institutes should have the policies and resources to enable to harness the new digital technologies and to make data and information more easily accessible.
Source: CIARD
Data and information power innovation — restricted access represents a barrier to innovation.
Greater Openness to Research Outputs
• Improves the potential social and economic impact of research.
• Makes research outputs travel further.• Enables researchers themselves to
benefit.• Provides greater value for money
to funding bodies.
Source: CIARD
CGIAR – Availability & Accessibility
• CGIAR Centers found that the titles and citations of articles and publications produced from their research could be easily found in Centers' library catalogues, publications catalogues and even Center websites.
• However the full text of most outputs was hardly accessible from popular search tools such as Google, international databases and open online repositories.
• This meant that key target audiences in policy, science, extension etc could not find or access the material.
Source: CIARD
Independent Review of the CGIAR
• "... suggests that CGIAR Centers should make their research available and useful for development as well as for international science. The CGIAR can achieve development impacts where they matter only by being part of an international public goods delivery system."
Source: CIARD
OAR@ICRISAT
EC Press release (Brussels, 2 December 2010)
• “Scientific information has the power to transform our lives for the better - it is too valuable to be locked away. In addition, every EU citizen has the right to access and benefit from knowledge produced using public funds.”
— Neelie Kroes, Vice-President of the European Commission for the Digital Agenda
Source: CIARD
European Union ‘OpenAIRE’
• "Access to knowledge, information, and data is essential in higher education and research; and more generally, for sustained progress in society. Improved access is the basis for the transfer of knowledge (teaching), knowledge generation (research), and knowledge valorisation (civil society)."
Source: CIARD
GCARD2 endorses CIARD and Recommends
• Continue to engage with the CIARD movement to enhance the coherence and effectiveness of access and use of agricultural information and data.
• Call on managers and policy-makers to lead the development of enabling strategies and policies for more effective access and use of information and data.
• To collaborate on development of methodologies and indicators for measuring the outcomes of enhancing access information and data.
Source: CIARD
CIARD
Coherence in Information for Agricultural Research for Development (CIARD) http://www.ciard.net/A Routemap to Information Nodes and Gateways (RING) http://ring.ciard.net/
Source: CIARD
CIARD Manifesto• Towards a Knowledge Commons on Agricultural
Research for Development• CIARD Vision: ”To make public domain
agricultural research information and knowledge truly accessible to all.”
• The CIARD RING is a global registry of web-based services that will give access to any kind of information sources pertaining to agricultural research for development.
Source: CIARD
CIARD RING
Source: CIARD
Prof. Monty Jones, Chairman GFAR
“FARA-RAILS and the CIARD partners have made a collective commitment to improving access to data and information and ensuring that it is used to the best effect, where it really counts — among the poor, particularly the rural poor”.
— Prof. Monty Jones, Chairman GFAR
Source: CIARD
Opening Access to Africa’s Agricultural Knowledge
World Bank’s Open Access Policy
• "Knowledge is power,” World Bank Group President Robert B. Zoellick said. “Making our knowledge widely and readily available will empower others to come up with solutions to the world’s toughest problems. Our new Open Access policy is the natural evolution for a World Bank that is opening up more and more.”
[WB Press release 10/04/2012]
Source: CIARD
Obama’s Open Access Policy 2013
Source: petitions.gov.in
What is Open Access?
• “Open Access (OA) literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions. What makes it possible is the internet and the consent of the author or copyright-holder.”
–Peter Suber (2004)
Vehicles for Delivering OA
• Open Access Journals– World 8750 from 121 countries– India ranks 4th in world with 483– Journal of Tropical Agriculture– Karnataka journal of Agricultural Sciences– ICAR made its two flag ship journals Open Access
• Societies in ICAR/NARS under NAIP project• Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Association of India• Indian Phytopathology
Indian Agricultural Research Journals
Asia Journals Online using Open Harvester
Vehicles for Delivering OA• Open Access Repositories
– An Institutional Repository is an online locus for collecting, preserving, and disseminating, in digital form, the intellectual output of an institution (INASP, 2013).
– India 94 and World 3360 (ROAR, 2013).– Publicise institute’s research and provides better
management.– Invites new contacts and research partnerships.– Interoperable with all IRs, forming a global research
facility.
BOAI 10 Recommendations
• Every institution of higher education should have a policy assuring that peer-reviewed versions of all future scholarly articles by faculty members are deposited in the institution’s designated repository.
• Universities with institutional repositories should require deposit in the repository for all research articles to be considered for promotion, tenure, or other forms of internal assessment and review.
Source: BOAI
Open Access Repositories 2013
http://maps.repository66.org/
OA Repositories India 2013
http://maps.repository66.org/
Bielefeld Academic Search Engine
BASE is one of the world's most voluminous search engines for academic open access operated by Bielefeld University Library.Currently 42,125,071 documents of 2,462 content sources
Source: BASE
SHERPA/RoMEO
• Publisher copyright policies & self-archiving• http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/• 68% of publishers formally allow some form
of self-archiving.• 31 publishers from India and 1024 globally.
Source: Sherpa/RoMEO
SHERPA/RoMEO
MAPAI’s OAJMAP on SHERPA/RoMEO
Source: Sherpa/RoMEO
Pre-Prints and Post-Prints
• Pre-Prints• First draft of the article - before peer-
review, even before any contact with a publisher
• Post-Prints• Version of the paper after peer-review,
with revisions having been made.
Global Open Access Portal
Source: UNESCO
• Potential barriers to OA in India is the absence of a National mandate on OA. The National Knowledge Commission recommendations include a statement of OA but no formal move has been made towards OA mandates.
NKC Recommends OERs & OA• At a policy level, all research
articles published by Indian authors receiving substantial government or public funding must be made available under Open Access.
• A national academic OA portal should be developed.
Source: knowledgecommission.gov.in/
Open Access Mandates
Source: roarmap.eprints.org/
Open Access Mandates (India)
Source: roarmap.eprints.org/
OER Policy Registry
Source: Creative Commons
Open Access in ICAR/NARS/India
• BOAI, 2001- (MAPAI, ARSSF, Open Access India have signed).• Berlin Declaration, 2003 – (INSA, MAPAI, ARSSF have signed).• CSIR’s Open Access Policy (2009).• ICRISAT’S Open Access Policy (2009).• ICAR Open Access Journals (2010).• Open Access Institutional Repositories in ICAR/NARS.• Open Access Thematic Repositories in ICAR/NARS (NAIP).
openagri (Agropedia)
Source: Agropedia
Eprints@CMFRI
Source: CMFRI
Open Access E-Repository @ IIHR
Source: IIHR
Eprints@IARI
Source: IARI
Dspice@IISR
Source: IISR
Indian Rice Research Repository
Source: rkmp.co.in
Rice Data Repository
Source: rkmp.co.in
Open Access ETD (UASD)
Source: etd.uasd.edu
KrishiPrabha (Closed Access ETD)
Source: Krishi Prabha
CSIR’s Open Access Policy 2009
Source: CSIR
CISIR Central
ICRISAT’s Open Access Policy 2009
Soruce: ICRISAT
Agenda for Action in ICAR/NARS
Opening up of Access to Knowledge in ICAR/NARS
• Policy and practice– Advocacy toolkit. – Documentation of initiatives to open up access
and benefits of sharing data and information.• Organization
– Capacity development with support of global public domain organizations.
• Technologies– Free/Open services, tools and infrastructures. – Free/Open standards.
Source: CIARD
Meeting on ICM @ NASC (Nov. 2010)
• The ICAR system has a wealth of agricultural knowledge at various locations. Major efforts need to be initiated to bring them to a common platform and a knowledge base may be created for easy and open access for the benefits of all people working in agriculture.
• The ICAR should get linked to the CIARD initiative to make agricultural research information publicly available and accessible to all.
Advisory Group on ICM in ICAR
An advisory group comprising of the following was formed to guide ICAR from time to time on various ICT related issues.• Dr. Ajit Maru, GFAR• Mr. Rikin Gandhi, Digital Green• Dr. T. V. Prabhakar, IIT, Kanpur• Mr. Pier Paolo Ficarrelli, ILRI• Dr. Sanjay Chaudhary, DA-IICT, Gandhinagar• Dr. Krishna Alluri, British Columbia
ICAR Open Access Policy!?
In order to maximize the availability, accessibility and applicability of publicly-funded research, the ICAR expects its institutes to create and build open access repositories.
• To deposit immediately electronic copies of all research outputs upon acceptance for publication.
• To deposit grey literature, published data, photos, reports, manuals, teaching resources etc.
• To register these information sources & services in the CIARD RING registry.
National Data Sharing and Access Policy
• Aims at the promotion of a technology-based culture of data management as well as data sharing and access.
• It opens up, proactively, information on available data, which could be shared with civil society for developmental purposes.
Source: NDSAP
Open Access: IPR & Licensing Issues
• Most of the publishers allow either pre-prints/post-prints to archive and few others allow ‘publisher's pdf’ version.
• SHERPA/RoMEO – Publisher's Copyrights Policies.
• 'All Rights Reserved' to 'Some Rights Reserved‘ using Creative Commons.
Policies@SHERPA/RoMEO
MAPAI’s OAJMAP uses CC-BY
Source: OAJMAP
Articles under CC-BY
Source: OASPA
Open Access Costs?• Server Space• Free and Open Source Software
– Eprints– DSpace– Open Journal Systems– Open Harvester Systems
• Alternate business models– Advertisements– Article Processing Fee– Authors Pay Model– Donations– Memberships– Sponsorship (Professional Societies/Universities)
Open Access Fund?
• Many of the commercial Open Access Journals or Journals with Open Access model requires Article Processing Charges.
• The ICAR may set up a central fund or make provision in projects to pay Open Access publication charges.
Case Studies
Open Access in Institutions with Mandates to Non-Mandated
Gargouri Y, Hajjem C, Larivière V, Gingras Y, et al. (2010) Self-Selected or Mandated, Open Access Increases Citation Impact for Higher Quality Research. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13636. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013636http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0013636
Interaction between OA and Article Age
Gargouri Y, Hajjem C, Larivière V, Gingras Y, et al. (2010) Self-Selected or Mandated, Open Access Increases Citation Impact for Higher Quality Research. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13636. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013636http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0013636
Resources
• CIARD Advocacy Toolkit http://www.ciard.net/advocacytoolkit
• EPrints http://www.eprints.org• Repositories Support Project
http://www.rsp.co.uk• EIFL-OA http://www.eifl.net/openaccess
Source: CIARD
Open Access – Peter Suber
Agriculture Information Metadata System
• AIMS is a space for accessing and discussing agricultural information management standards, tools and methodologies, connecting information workers worldwide to build a global community of practice.
• http://aims.fao.org/
Source: aims.fao.org
Open Access India
• Advocating Open Access in India
• 2,644 members on Facebook Group
Groups – https://www.facebook.com/groups/oaindia/Page – https://www.facebook.com/oaindia/Blog – http://oaindia2013.wordpress.com/
thank you for your kind attention