ORGANIZATION

Why Do We Organize

We want to avoid making our audience frustrated

or have them stop listening.

We prevent this by organizing our speech in a way

that makes sense to the topic and by having lots of

transitions.

The introduction, body, and conclusion are

the basic parts of a speech. And they are

CRITICAL to a successful speech.

Intro Body Conclusion

Main Points

The first thing we must do is prepare 3-4 main points or key ideas. These will become our main points.

If you have carefully worded your central idea, you have already seen some of your main points emerge for your outline.

We decide what our main points will be and what order they go in by picking an organizational pattern.

This makes up the body of our speech.

Organizational Patterns

1. Chronological: main points organized by time

Could be by dates, by the order things must be done, etc.

2. Difficulty: main points organized by level of difficulty

3. Spatial: main points organized by space

Could be geographical, physical structure, etc.

4. Causal (logical): main points organized by cause and effect

5. Topical: main points are organized by topic

This is one of the most common and easiest patterns.

Patterns Contd

5. Problem/Solution: main points organized by addressing a problem and how to solve that problem

Need/Plan: a variation of Problem/Solution

Need/Problem plan that meets the need

Plan/Solution how the plan works

Main Points Developed

The heart of your presentation comes in all the information within the main points.

You organize your speech into 3-4 main points and then you elaborate with supporting points and sub-points in outline format.

Transitions

The key to letting your audience know when you are moving from one topic to the next are transitions.

These are statements that indicate youre moving onto your next main point.

I will ask you to use a chronological or directional transition. Here you summarize your last point and preview you next point.

Example: Now that weve covered the houses in Marshall County, lets move on and look at the condos available.

Planning the Introduction

Functions of the Introduction

Securing attention Attention Getter

This is a sentence or more that captures the audiences attention.

There are many ways to capture your audience including direct questions, shocking or interesting facts/statistics, stories, promises of something beneficial, humor, and quotes

Orientation Setting the stage

Providing any necessary information so the audience will understand the body of the speech

Providing background information, definitions, timeline info

Clarifies your central idea and purpose What exactly will you be talking about

What are you seeking from your audience

At minimum, a preview of your main body

Doing so will ensure you set yourself up for successful delivery of meat (body) of

your speech!

Include all of these for a top notch introduction.

To Recap:

1. Secure Attention

2. Establish goodwill and credibility

3. Assure a fair hearing

4. Orient your audience to the subject

5. Make your central idea and

purpose clear

6. Offer a preview

Common Introduction Pitfalls

False Starts

Unnecessary

Apologies

Overstatement

Overtly shocking, offensive,

emotional language or

examples

Aristotle suggested that the major purpose of

the conclusion is to help the memory.

Planning the Conclusion

Functions of the Conclusion

A good conclusion offers: Review Reinforcement Call to action

Sometimes we add: Visualization Restatement Impression

Three Major Functions: 1. Review the central idea (tell em what

you told em)

2. Reinforce belief or action

desired (what do you want them to do?)

3. End with impact and impress

when appropriate

Common Conclusion Pitfalls

Deprecation of Effort

Overamplification

Prolonged Close

OWN it!

Simple restatement of

points already

covered

Short Concise and

Sweet

Avoid doing this: Instead do this: