Teknologi Proses Pengolahan Sawit (Bagian 1)

TKS 2168 Teknologi Pengolahan Sawit

Semester I 2015/2016

Zulfansyah

Laboratorium Pengendalian dan Perancangan Proses

Palm oil processing method

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Mechanized/Modern Palm Oil Processing

Wet Process

Dry Process

Palm oil processing method

Wet processes use water to sterilize the fruit by either steaming or boiling the fruit, producing wastewater as a byproduct.

Dry processes sterilize the fruit by smoking or roasting it.

Palm oil processing method

Wet Process

CPO grade A

Produced wastewater

Fiber burned to generate electricity (power generation)

Nut sold or processed into kernel oil

Dry Process

CPO grade B

No wastewater

Fiber sold as animal feed

Nut crushed during processing

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Skala kecil.

Peralatan sederhana atau kapasitas alat kecil.

Rangkaian sistem sederhana.

Alat dibuat sendiri (artisanal) atau dengan disain yang tidak terlalu rumit.

Kualitas minyak (CPO) yang dihasilkan rendah (asam lemak bebas, FFA > 5%)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Summary of Unit operations

No. Unit operation Purpose

1. Fruit fermentation To loosen fruit base from spikelets and to allow ripening processes to abate

2. Bunch chopping To facilitate manual removal of fruit

3. Fruit sorting To remove and sort fruit from spikelets

4. Fruit boiling To sterilize and stop enzymatic spoilage, coagulate protein and expose microscopic oil cells

5 Fruit digestion To rupture oil-bearing cells to allow oil flow during extraction while separating fibre from nuts

6 Mash pressing To release fluid palm oil using applied pressure on ruptured cellular contents

7 Oil purification To boil mixture of oil and water to remove water-soluble gums and resins in the oil, dry decanted oil by further heating

8 Fibre-nut separation To separate de-oiled fibre from palm nuts.

9 Second Pressing To recover residual oil for use as soap stock

10 Nut drying To sun dry nuts for later cracking

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Bunch thresher (Centre de Formation Technique Steinmetz-Benin)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Fruit sterilizer (Centre de Formation Technique Steinmetz-Benin)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Spindle press (Luapula, Zambia)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Another model of spindle press (Nova Technologies Ltd., Nigeria)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Hydraulic press (manual)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Manual vertical press (O.P.C., Cameroon)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Motorised horizontal screw press (Centre Songhai, Benin)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Combined digester and motorised hydraulic press (Technoserve/Cort Engineering, Ghana)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Flushing extractor (Cort Engineering Services, Ghana)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Pabrik CPO skala kecil di Indonesia

Skema proses produksi CPO skala kecil

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala kecil di Indonesia

Tugas (kumpul tgl 30/10/15)

Buatlah deskripsi proses yang lengkap untuk pengolahan sawit/TBS menjadi CPO pada skala kecil [1, 2, 5 atau 10 ton/jam].

Lengkapi dengan Gambar atau Diagram yang sesuai [setiap gambar atau diagram yg bukan dibuat sendiri, harus menyebutkan sumbernya sebagai rujukan].