tisuttanirutti- anandajoti bhikkhu

8/10/2019 Tisuttanirutti- Anandajoti Bhikkhu

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TisuttaniruttiA Grammatical Analysis of Three Discourses

(Magala, Ratana and Mett Discourses)(Sn 2.4, 2.1 & 1.8; also found at Khp 5, 6 & 9)

Edited, Translated and Analysed bynandajoti Bhikkhu

(March 2014)

Magalasuttanirutti

Ratanasuttasuttanirutti

Mettasuttanirutti


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Preface

This work provides a basic analysis of the grammatical form and relationships ofthree of the most popular discourses in the Picanon.

Nouns are analysed as to case, gender and number; verbs as to tense, gender andnumber; and basic syntactical information is given so that adjectives and adverbs arerelated to the nouns and verbs they qualify.

I have also parsed the compounds, and identified their type; and there is some extrainformation added where it has seemed to be useful.

The analysis show the pre-sandhi form of the words involved, so that, for instance,bhusacca-ca sippa-cais analysed as: bhusacca, ca, sippa, ca.

This work was requested by a Pi teacher and friend, Ven. Dpananda fromBangladesh, and builds on much simpler analyses I did earlier of two of thediscourses.

In making the analysis I was much helped by the commentary, and by Ven.amoli's translation of the same (Minor Readings and Illustrator, PTS, Oxford,1991), which contains incidental grammatical information.

The text used is as established for my Text and Translation of the Safeguard Recitalsthat are used extensively in the Sri Lankan tradition. They are available elsewhere onthis website, see Safeguard Recitals:

Most of the text is in verse form, and has been written constrained by the needs ofthe metre. For an examination of the metrical information, please seeCatubhanavarapali:

Anandajoti BhikkhuMarch 2014
http://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Texts-and-Translations/Safeguard/index.htmhttp://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Texts-and-Translations/Safeguard/index.htmhttp://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Texts-and-Translations/Safeguard/index.htmhttp://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Buddhist-Texts/X1-Catubhanavarapali/index.htmhttp://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Buddhist-Texts/X1-Catubhanavarapali/index.htmhttp://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Buddhist-Texts/X1-Catubhanavarapali/index.htmhttp://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Texts-and-Translations/Safeguard/index.htm


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MagalasuttaniruttiAn Analysis of the Discourse on the Blessings

(prose introduction)

Eva me suta:Thus I have heard:

Eva,thus, indeclineable adverb to suta me,by me, agent instrumental, masculine, singular (enclitic)suta,heard, accusative, neuter, singular

eka samaya Bhagav Svatthiya viharatiat one time the Gracious One was dwelling near Svatthi

eka,at one, numerical adjective qualifying samaya (acc. masc. sing.) samaya, time, accusative, masculine, singularBhagav,the Gracious One, nominative, masculine, singularSvatthiya, near Svatthi, locative, feminine, singularviharati,was dwelling (lit: dwells), indicative, 3rd person, singular

Jetavane Anthapiikassa rme. at Anthapiikas grounds in Jetas Wood.

Jetavane, in Jetas Wood, locative, masculine, singular

Anthapiikassa, Anthapiikas, genitive, masculine, singularrme, at grounds, 1 locative, masculine, singular

Atha kho aatar devat abhikkantya rattiy, Then a certain god, towards the end of the night,

Atha kho,then, indeclinablesaatar, a certain, adjective qualifying devat (nom. fem. sing.) devat,god, nominative, feminine, singularabhikkantya, towards the end, adjective qualifying rattiy (loc. fem. sing.)

rattiy, of the night, locative, feminine, singular

1Later meaning: monastery.


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An Analysis of the Discourse on the Blessings - 4

abhikkantava kevalakappa Jetavana obhsetv, having lit up the whole of Jetas Wood with his surpassing beauty,

abhikkanta + va, with surpassing beauty, adjective + instrumental, masculine,singular (kammadhraya)

kevalakappa,whole, adjective qualifying Jetavana (acc. masc. sing.) Jetavana, Jetas Wood, accusative, masculine, singularobhsetv,having lit up, absolutive

yena Bhagav tenupasakami,approached the Gracious One,

yena ... tena upasakami, [by where, by there] approached, instrumental pronouns +aorist, 3rd person, singular (idiom)

Bhagav,the Gracious One, nominative, masculine, singular

upasakamitv Bhagavanta abhivdetv, ekamanta ahsi.and after approaching and worshipping the Gracious One, he stood on one side.

upasakamitv, after approaching, absolutiveabhivdetv,worshipping, absolutiveBhagavanta,the Gracious One, accusative, masculine, singularekamanta, on one side, accusative, neuter, singularahsi, he stood, aorist, 3rd person, singular

Ekamanta hit kho s devat Bhagavanta gthya ajjhabhsi:While standing on one side that god addressed the Gracious One with a verse:

Ekamanta, on one side, accusative, neuter, singlehit, while standing, past participle,2masculine, singular kho, (untranslated), emphatics,that, demonstrative pronoun to devat(nom. fem. sing.) devat,god, nominative, feminine, singularBhagavanta,the Gracious One, accusative, masculine, singulargthya,with a verse, instrumental, feminine, singularajjhabhsi,addressed, aorist, 3rd person, singular

2Having durative sense.


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(verses)

(Verse 1: Spoken by one of the Gods)

Bah dev manuss ca magalni acintayu

Many are the gods and the men who have thought about the blessings

Bah,many, adjective qualifying devand manuss (nom. masc. pl.) dev,gods, nominative, masculine, pluralmanuss,men, nominative, masculine, pluralca,and, connectivemagalni,blessings, accusative, neuter, pluralacintayu,have thought, aorist, 3rd person, plural

(Verse 2-12: Spoken by the Buddha in Reply)

kakhamn sotthna: brhi magalam-uttama. [1]hoping for (their) safety: now please say what is the supreme blessing.

kakhamn, hoping, present participle (attanopada)sotthna,for safety, genitive, neuter, pluralbrhi, please say, imperative, 2nd person, singularmagala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singularuttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.)

Asevan ca blna, paitna-ca sevan,Not associating with fools, but associating with the wise,

Asevan,not associating, nominative, feminine, pluralca,but, disjunctiveblna,with fools, dative, neuter, pluralpaitna,with the wise, dative, neuter, pluralca,but, disjunctivesevan,associating, nominative, feminine, plural

pj ca pjanyna: eta magalam-uttama. [2]

honouring those worthy of honour: this is the supreme blessing.

pj,honouring, nominative, feminine, singularca,(untranslated), connectivepjanyna,those worthy of honour, dative, masculine, pluraleta,this, demonstrative pronoun to magala(acc. neut. sing.) magala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singularuttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.)


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Pairpadesavso ca, pubbe ca katapuat,Living in a suitable place, having done good deeds in the past,

pairpa + desa, a suitable place, (kammadhraya)pairpadesa [= -dese] + vso, living in a suitable place, locative + nominative,

masculine, singular (tappurisa)ca,(untranslated), connectivepubbe,in the past, locative, masculine, singularca,(untranslated), connectivekatapuat, having done good deeds, nominative, feminine, singular

attasammpaidhi ca: eta magalam-uttama. [3]aspiring in a right way oneself: this is the supreme blessing.

atta[ssa] + sammpaidhi, right aspiration for oneself, genitive + nominative,

masculine, singular (tappurisa)samm + paidhi, right aspiration, indeclinable + nominative, masculine, singular(avyaybhava)

ca,(untranslated), connectiveeta,this, demonstrative pronoun to magala(acc. neut. sing.) magala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singularuttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.)

Bhusacca-ca sippa-ca, vinayo ca susikkhito,Having great learning and craft, and being disciplined and well trained,

Bhu + sacca,great learning, adjective + nominative, neuter, singular(kammadhraya)

ca,and, connectivesippa,craft, nominative, neuter, singularca,and, connectivevinayo,being disciplined, nominative, masculine, singularca,and, connectivesu + sikkhito,well trained, indeclinable + nominative, masculine, singular

(avyaybhava)

subhsit ca y vc: eta magalam-uttama. [4]and whatever words are well spoken: this is the supreme blessing.

su + bhsit, well spoken, adjective qualifying vc(indeclinable + nom. fem. pl.)(avyaybhava)

ca,and, connectivey,whatever, relative pronoun to vc(nom. fem. pl.) vc,words, nominative, feminine, pluraleta,this, demonstrative pronoun to magala(acc. neut. sing.) magala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singular

uttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.)


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Mtpitu-upahna, puttadrassa sagaho,Attendance on mother and father, looking after wife and children,

Mt + pitu, mother and father, dative, masculine, singular (dvanda)upahna,attendance on, nominative, neuter, singular

putta + drassa, wife and children, dative, masculine, singular (dvanda)sagaho,looking after, nominative, masculine, singular

ankul ca kammant: eta magalam-uttama. [5]with works that are not agitating: this is the supreme blessing.

an + kul,not agitating, adjective qualifying kammant (negative particle + nom.neut. pl.) (avyaybhava)

ca,(untranslated), connectivekammant,works, nominative, neuter, plural

eta,this, demonstrative pronoun to magala(acc. neut. sing.) magala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singularuttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.)

Dna-ca Dhammacariy ca, takna-ca sagaho,Giving, living by the Dhamma, looking after ones relatives,

dna, giving, accusative, neuter, singularca,(untranslated), connectiveDhamma [= Dhammena] + cariy, living by the Dhamma, instrumental +

nominative, feminine, singular (tappurisa)ca,(untranslated), connectivetakna, relatives, genitive, masculine, pluralca,(untranslated), connectivesagaho,looking after, nominative, masculine, singular

anavajjni kammni: eta magalam-uttama. [6](performing) actions that are blameless: this is the supreme blessing.

ana + vajjni,blameless, adjective qualifying kammni (indeclinable + nom. neut.pl.) (avyaybhava)

kammni,actions, nominative, neuter, pluraleta,this, demonstrative pronoun to magala(acc. neut. sing.) magala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singularuttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.)


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rati virati pp, majjapn ca saamo,Abstinence, avoidance of bad deeds, restraint from intoxicating drink,

rati, abstinence, nominative, feminine, singularvirati,avoidance, nominative, feminine, singular

pp, of bad deeds, ablative, neuter, singularmajja[ssa] + pn, from intoxicating drink, genitive3+ ablative, neuter, singular

(tappurisa)ca,(untranslated), connectivesaamo,restraint, nominative, masculine, singular

appamdo ca dhammesu: eta magalam-uttama. [7]being heedful regarding (all) things: this is the supreme blessing.

appamdo, being heedful, nominative, masculine, singular

ca,(untranslated), connectivedhammesu,regarding things, locative, neuter, pluraleta,this, demonstrative pronoun to magala(acc. neut. sing.) magala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singularuttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.)

Gravo ca nivto ca, santuh ca kataut,Having respect, being humble, being satisfied and grateful,

gravo,having respect, nominative, masculine, singularca,(untranslated), connectivenivto,being humble, nominative, masculine, singularca,(untranslated), connectivesantuh,being satisfied, nominative, feminine, singularca,and, connectivekataut, grateful, nominative, feminine, singular

klena Dhammasavaa: eta magalam-uttama. [8]listening to Dhamma at the right time: this is the supreme blessing.

klena,at the right time, instrumental, masculine, singular

Dhamma[ssa] + savaa,listening to Dhamma, dative + accusative, neuter, singular(tappurisa)

eta,this, demonstrative pronoun to magala(acc. neut. sing.) magala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singularuttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.)

3So defined by the comm.


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Khant ca sovacassat, samana-ca dassana,Being patient and easily spoken to, seeing ascetics,

Khant,being patient, nominative, feminine, singularca,and, connective

so [= su] + vacassat, easily spoken to, indeclinable + nominative, feminine, singular(avyaybhava)samana,ascetics, genitive, masculine, pluralca,and, connective

dassana,seeing, 4 nominative, neuter, singular

klena Dhammaskacch: eta magalam-uttama. [9]discussing Dhamma at the right time: this is the supreme blessing.

klena,at the right time, indeclinable

Dhamma[ssa] + skacch, discussing Dhamma, genitive + nominative, feminine,singular (tappurisa)eta,this, demonstrative pronoun to magala(acc. neut. sing.) magala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singularuttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.)

Tapo ca brahmacariya-ca, ar

iyasaccna' dassana,Austere, living spiritually, insight into the noble truths,

Tapo,austere, nominative, masculine, singularca,(untranslated), connective

brahma + cariya,5 living spiritually, adjective + nominative, neuter, singular

(kammadhraya)ca,(untranslated), connectiveariya+ saccna,into the noble truths, adjective + dative, neuter, plural

(kammadhraya)dassana,insight, nominative, neuter, singular

Nibbnasacchikiriy ca: eta magalam-uttama. [10]the experience of Nibbna: this is the supreme blessing.

Nibbna[ssa] + sacchikiriy, the experience of Nibbna, genitive + nominative,feminine, singular (tappurisa)

ca,(untranslated), connectiveeta,this, demonstrative pronoun to magala(acc. neut. sing.) magala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singularuttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.)

4

Comm. defines seeing here as upasakamanupahnnussaraassavanadassana;approaching, attending on, listening to, recalling, seeing.

5Comm. gives an alternative resoltuon as a tappurisa compound: brahma cariya; the

living of the Brahm gods.


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Phuhassa lokadhammehi, citta yassa na kampati,He whose mind does not waver, when it is touched by things of this world,

Phuhassa,touched, 6 genitive, masculine, singularloka [= loke] + dhammehi, by worldly things, locative7+ instrumental, neuter, plural

(tappurisa)citta,mind, accusative, neuter, singularyassa, he whose, relative pronoun genitive, masculine, singularna,not, negative adverb to kampatikampati,does waver, indicative, 3rd person, singular

asoka viraja khema: eta magalam-uttama. [11](being) griefless, dustless, and secure: this is the supreme blessing.

asoka,griefless, adjective qualifying citta (nom. neut. sing.)

viraja,dustless, adjective qualifying citta (nom. neut. sing.)khema,secure, adjective qualifying citta (nom. neut. sing.)eta,this, demonstrative pronoun to magala(acc. neut. sing.) magala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singularuttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.)

Etdisni katvna, sabbattha-m-aparjit, Having done as here directed, they are undefeated everywhere,

Etdisni,here directed, accusative, neuter, plural

katvna,having done, absolutivesabbattha, everywhere, adverb to aparjit-m-, euphonic particlea + parjit, undefeated, negative particle + nominative, masculine, plural

(avyaybhva)

sabbattha sotthi gacchanti: ta tesa magalam-uttaman-ti. [12]they go everywhere in safety: for them this is the supreme blessing.

sabbattha, everywhere, adverb to gacchantisotthi,in safety, accusative, feminine, singulargacchanti,they go, indicative, 3rd person, pluralta,this, demonstrative pronoun to magala (acc. neut. sing.) tesa,for them, demonstrative pronoun, genitive, neuter, pluralmagala, blessing, accusative, neuter, singularuttama, supreme, adjective qualifying magala(acc. neut. sing.) ti,(untranslated), quotation marker

6 I don't really understand the construction here, instrumental with genitive? Ven amolicalls it a neat construction (Minor Readings, p. 167).



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RatanasuttaniruttiAn Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures

Yndha bhtni samgatni,Bhummni v yni va antalikkhe,Whatever beings have come together here,whether of the earth or in the firmament,

Yni, whatever, relative pronoun to bhtni (nom. neut. pl.) idha,here, adverb to samgatni bhtni, beings, nominative, neuter, pluralsamgatni,have come together, adjective qualifying bhtni(nom. neut. pl.) bhummni,of the earth, adjective qualifying bhtni (nom. neut. pl.) v,whether, disjunctiveyni, whatever, relative pronoun to bhtni (nom. neut. pl.)

v,whether, disjunctiveantalikkhe,in the firmament, locative, neuter, singular

sabbe va bht suman bhavantu,atho pi sakkacca suantu bhsita. [1]may the minds of all those beings be happy,and may they listen carefully to what is said.

Sabbe,8 all, pronominal adjective qualifying bht(nom. neut. pl.) va,(untranslated), emphatic

bht,beings, nominative, neuter, pluralsu + man,happy ... minds, indeclinable + nominative, neuter, plural (avyaybhava) bhavantu,may ... be, indicative, 3rd person, pluralatho pi, and, indeclinablessakkacca,carefully, adverb to suantu suantu, may they listen, imperative, 3rd person, pluralbhsita, to what is said, accusative, neuter, singular

8 amoli identifies this as a masculine, but bhtni in the first verse is certainly neuter.


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An Analysis of the Discourse on the Treasures - 12

Tasm hi bht nismetha sabbe,metta karotha mnusiy pajya, Therefore, all of you beings, be attentive,be friendly towards this generation of men,

Tasm hi,therefore, indeclinablesbht,beings, vocative, neuter, pluralnismetha,be attentive, indicative, 2nd person, pluralsabbe,all, pronominal adjective qualifying bht(voc. neut. pl.) metta,friendly, accusative, neuter, singularkarotha, be, indicative, 2nd person, pluralmnusiy, of men, adjective qualifying pajya (dat. fem. sing.) pajya,generation, dative, feminine, singular

div ca ratto ca haranti ye bali,

tasm hi ne rakkhatha appamatt. [2]they who bring offerings by day and by night,therefore, being heedful, you must protect them.

Div,by day, adverb to haranti ca,and, connectiveratto, by night, adverb to harantica,and, connectiveharanti,bring, indicative, 3rd person, pluralye,they who, relative pronoun, nominative, masculine, pluralbali,offerings, accusative, masculine, singulartasm hi, therefore, indeclinablesne,them, demonstrative pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural (enclitic)rakkhatha, you must protect, indicative, 2nd person, pluralappamatt, being heedful, adjective qualifying bht(nom. neut. pl.)


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Ya kici vitta - idha v hura vsaggesu v - ya ratana patana no sama atthi Tathgatena.Whatever riches there are - here or elsewhereor in the heavens - that excellent treasure

is not equal unto the Realised One.

Ya kici, whatever, relative pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular + indeclinablevitta,riches, nominative, neuter, singularidha,here, adverb to (honti)v,or, disjunctivehura, elsewhere, 9 adverb to (honti)v,or, disjunctivesaggesu,in the heavens, adverb to (honti), locative, masculine, pluralv,or, disjunctive

ya, that, relative pronoun to ratana (nom. neut. sing.) ratana, treasure, nominative, neuter, singularpata, excellent, adjective qualifying ratana (nom. neut. sing.) na no,not, negative adverb to atthisama,equal, adverb to atthiatthi,is, indicative, 3rd person, singularTathgatena,unto the Realised One, instrumental, masculine, singular

Idam-pi Buddhe ratana pata: Etena saccena suvatthi hotu! [3]

This excellent treasure is in the Buddha:By virtue of this truth may there be safety!

Ida pi, this, demonstrative pronoun to ratana (nom. neut. sing.) + indeclinable Buddhe,in the Buddha, locative, masculine, singularratana, treasure, nominative, neuter, singularpata, excellent, adjective qualifying ratana (nom. neut. sing.) etena, by this, demonstrative pronoun to saccena(inst. neut. sing.) saccena,by virtue of truth, instrumental, neuter, singularsuvatthi,safety, nominative, feminine, singularhotu,may there be, imperative, 3rd person, singular

9 Defined by the comm. as meaning in the worlds of the ngas and supaas, etc. Probablyindicating the earth-bound gods in general.


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Khaya virga amata pata:yad-ajjhag Sakyamun samhito, Na tena dhammena samatthi kici.(Pollutants') end, dispassion, deathlessness, excellence:which the concentrated Sakyan sage attained,

there is nothing that is equal to that state.

Khaya,(pollutants') 10end, accusative, masculine, singularvirga,dispassion, accusative, masculine, singularamata,deathlessness, accusative, neuter, singularpata, excellence, accusative, neuter, singularya, which, relative pronoun to khaya, etc. (acc. masc. sing.)ajjhag,attained, aorist, 3rd person, singularSakya[ssa] + mun,Sakyan sage, genitive + nominative, masculine, singular

(tappurisa)

samhito,concentrated, adjective qualifying Sakyamun (nom. masc. sing.)na ... kici, nothing, negative particle + indeclinabletena,to that, demonstrative pronoun to dhammena (inst. masc. sing.) dhammena,to state, instrumental, masculine, singularsama [= samo],equal, nominative, masculine, singularatthi,there is, indicative, 3rd person, singular

Idam-pi Dhamme ratana pata:Etena saccena suvatthi hotu! [4]This excellent treasure is in the Dhamma:

By virtue of this truth may there be safety!

Ida pi, this, demonstrative pronoun to ratana (nom. neut. sing.) + indeclinable Dhamme,in the Dhamma, locative, neuter, singularratana, treasure, nominative, neuter, singularpata, excellent, adjective qualifying ratana (nom. neut. sing.) etena, by this, demonstrative pronoun to saccena(inst. neut. sing.) saccena,by virtue of truth, instrumental, neuter, singularsuvatthi,safety, nominative, feminine, singularhotu,may there be, imperative, 3rd person, singular

10Comm: rgdayo kh, the end of greed and so on, the others being hatred( dosa) and

delusion( moha), collectively calledpollutants ( sav).


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Yam-Buddhaseho parivaay sucisamdhim-nantarika-am-hu,samdhin tena samo na vijjati.That which the Buddha, the Great One, praised as pure,the concentration said to have prompt (result),

no equal to that concentration is found.

Ya, that which, relative pronoun to samdhi (acc. masc. sing.)Buddha + seho, the Buddha, the Great One, nominative, masculine, singular

(dvanda)11

parivaay, praised, aorist, 3rd person, singularsuci,pure, nominative, neuter, singularsamdhi,concentration, accusative, masculine, singularnantarika, prompt, accusative, masculine, singularna,the, demonstrative pronoun to samdhi(acc. masc. sing.)

hu, said, aorist, 3rd person, pluralsamdhin, to concentration, instrumental, masculine, singulartena, to that, demonstrative pronoun to samdhin(inst. masc. sing.) samo,equal, nominative, masculine, singularna,no, negative adverb to vijjativijjati,is found, indicative, 3rd person, singular

Idam-pi Dhamme ratana pata:Etena saccena suvatthi hotu! [5]this excellent treasure is in the Dhamma

By virtue of this truth may there be safety!

Ida pi, this, demonstrative pronoun to ratana (nom. neut. sing.) + indeclinable Dhamme,in the Dhamma, locative, neuter, singularratana, treasure, nominative, neuter, singularpata, excellent, adjective qualifying ratana (nom. neut. sing.) etena, by this, demonstrative pronoun to saccena(inst. neut. sing.) saccena,by virtue of truth, instrumental, neuter, singularsuvatthi,safety, nominative, feminine, singularhotu,may there be, imperative, 3rd person, singular



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Ye puggal aha sata pasatthcattri etni yugni honti, Those eight individuals praised by the good -there are these four pairs (of individuals),

Ye,those, relative pronoun to puggal(nom. masc. pl.) puggal,individuals, nominative, masculine, pluralaha, eight, numerical adjective qualifying puggal(nom. masc. pl.) sata,by the good, 12 genitive, neuter, singularpasatth,praised, adjective qualifying puggal(nom. masc. pl.) cattri, four, numerical adjective qualifying yugni (nom. neut. pl.) etni,these, demonstrative pronoun to yugni (nom. neut. pl.) yugni,pairs, nominative, neuter, pluralhonti,there are, indicative, 3rd person, plural

te dakkhieyy Sugatassa svak,etesu dinnni mahapphalni.the Fortunate One's disciples, worthy of gifts,those things that are given to them have great fruit.

Te,those, demonstrative pronoun to svak(nom. masc. pl.) dakkhieyy, worthy of gifts, adjective qualifying svak(nom. masc. pl.) Sugatassa,Fortunate One's, genitive, masculine, singularsvak,disciples, nominative, masculine, pluraletesu,to them, demonstrative pronoun, locative, masculine, plural

dinnni, those things that are given, nominative, neuter, pluralmahapphalni,great fruit, nominative, neuter, plural

Idam-pi Saghe ratana pata:etena saccena suvatthi hotu! [6]This excellent treasure is in the Sagha:by virtue of this truth may there be safety!

Ida pi, this, demonstrative pronoun to ratana (nom. neut. sing.) + indeclinable Saghe, in the Sagha, locative, masculine, singularratana, treasure, nominative, neuter, singularpata, excellent, adjective qualifying ratana (nom. neut. sing.) etena, by this, demonstrative pronoun to saccena(inst. neut. sing.) saccena,by virtue of truth, instrumental, neuter, singularsuvatthi,safety, nominative, feminine, singularhotu,may there be, imperative, 3rd person, singular

12Comm. offers a second interpretation here, saying ahasata may be interpreted as

meaning 108, then: those 108 individuals who are praised, is the meaning. This hardly fitswith the next line though.


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Ye suppayutt manas dahenanikkmino Gotamassanamhi,Those who have firm and devoted minds,without sense desire in Gotamas dispensation,

Ye,those who, relative pronoun, nominative, masculine, pluralsuppayutt,devoted, adjective qualifying ye(nom. masc. pl.) manas,minds, adjective qualifying ye, instrumental, masculine, singulardahena,firm, adjective qualifying ye, instrumental, masculine, singularnikkmino, without sense desire, adjective qualifying ye(nom. masc. pl.) Gotama[ssa] + ssanamhi, in Gotamas teaching, genitive + locative, neuter, singular

(tappurisa)

te pattipatt amata vigayhaladdh mudh nibbuti bhujamn.

those who have attained, and entered the deathless,enjoying emancipation, gained for free.

Te,those, demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, pluralpattipatt,have attained, adjective qualifying te(nom. masc. pl.) amata,the deathless, accusative, neuter, singularvigayha,entered, absolutiveladdh,gained, absolutivemudh,for free, indeclinablenibbuti, emancipation, accusative, feminine, singularbhujamn, enjoying, present participle (attanopada)




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Yathindakhlo pahavi sito siycatubbhi vtehi asampakampiyo, Just as a locking post stuck fast in the earthdoes not waver on account of the four winds,

Yath, just as, adverb to siyindakhlo,a locking post, nominative, masculine, singularpahavi,in the earth, accusative, feminine, singularsito,stuck fast, adjective qualifying indakhlo(nom. masc. sing.) siy,(untranslated), optative, 3rd person, singularcatubbhi, on account of the four, numerical adjective qualifying vtehi (inst. masc.

pl.)vtehi, on account of the winds, instrumental, masculine, plurala + sampakampiyo,does not waver, negative particle + nominative, feminine, plural

(avyaybhava)

Tathpama sappurisa vadmi,yo ariyasaccni avecca passati.in the same way, I say, is the true person,the one who sees the noble truths completely.

Tath, in the way, adverb to upamaupama,the same, accusative, masculine, singularsappurisa,the true person, accusative, masculine, singularvadmi,I say, indicative, 1st person, singularyo,the one who, demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular

ariya + saccni,the noble truths, adjective + accusative, neuter, plural(kammadhraya)

avecca,completely, adverb to passatipassati,sees, indicative, 3rd person, singular




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Ye ariyasaccni vibhvayanti,gambhrapaena sudesitni,Those who clearly distinguish the noble truths,which were well preached by the one with deep wisdom,

Ye,those who, demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, pluralar

iya + saccni,the noble truths, adjective + accusative, neuter, plural(kammadhraya)

vibhvayanti,clearly distinguish, indicative, 3rd person, pluralgambhra + paena,by the one with deep wisdom, adjective + instrumental,

masculine, singular (kammadhraya)sudesitni,well preached, adjective qualifying ariyasaccni(acc. neut. pl.)

kicpi te honti bhusappamattna te bhava ahama diyanti.

however great they become in heedlessnessthey still do not take up an eighth existence.

Kici + api,however, indeclinableste,they, demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, pluralhonti,they become, indicative, 3rd person, pluralbhusa + appamatt, great in heedlessness, adjective + nominative, masculine, plural

(kammadhraya)na,not, negative adverb to diyanti te,they, nominative, masculine, pluralbhava,existence, accusative, masculine, singularahama,eighth, numerical adjective qualifying bhava (acc. masc. sing.) diyanti, take up, indicative, 3rd person, plural


Ida pi, this, demonstrative pronoun to ratana (nom. neut. sing.) + indeclinable Saghe, in the Sagha, locative, masculine, singular

ratana, treasure, nominative, neuter, singularpata, excellent, adjective qualifying ratana (nom. neut. sing.) etena, by this, demonstrative pronoun to saccena(inst. neut. sing.) saccena,by virtue of truth, instrumental, neuter, singularsuvatthi,safety, nominative, feminine, singularhotu,may there be, imperative, 3rd person, singular


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Sah vassa dassanasampadyatayassu dhamm jahit bhavanti: With his attainment of (liberating) insightthere are a triad of things that are given up:

Sah,with, connectiveva, (untranslated), emphaticassa,his, genitive, 3rd person, singulardassana[ssa] + sampadya, attainment of (liberating) insight, dative, masculine,

singular (tappurisa)taya + assu, three, indeclinable + nominative, neuter, singulardhamm,things, nominative, neuter, pluraljahit,given up, adjective qualifying dhamm(nom. neut. pl.) bhavanti,there are, indicative, 3rd person, plural

Sakkyadihi vicikicchita-caslabbata vpi yad-atthi kici.embodiment view, uncertainty, andwhatever (grasping at) virtue and practices there is.

Sakkya[ssa] + dihi, embodiment view, genitive + nominative, feminine, singular(tappurisa)

vicikicchita,uncertainty, nominative, neuter, singularca,and, connective

slabbata [= sla + vata], (grasping at) virtue and practices, 13 nominative, neuter,singular (dvanda)

va api,(untranslated), emphatic indeclinablesya kici, whatever, relative pronoun to slabbata (nom. neut. sing.) +

indeclinableatthi,there is, indicative, 3rd person, singular

13Normally with -parmsa, grasping at, here it is dropped to fit the metre.


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Cathapyehi ca vippamutto,cha cbhihnni abhabbo ktu. He is free from (rebirth in) the four lower worlds,he is incapable of the six great crimes.

Cathi + apyehi, in the four lower worlds, numerical adjective + instrumental,masculine, pluralca,(untranslated), connectivevippamutto,free, nominative, masculine, singularcha,six, numerical adjective qualifying abhihnni, indeclinableca, (untranslated), connectiveabhihnni, great crimes, nominative, neuter, plurala + bhabbo,incapable, negative particle + nominative, masculine, singular

(avyaybhava)ktu,of (doing), infinitive



Kicpi so kamma karoti ppakakyena vc uda cetas v, Whatever bad action there is that he performsby way of body, or of speech, or of mind,

Kici + api,whatever, indeclinables

so,he, nominative, masculine, singularkamma,action, accusative, neuter, singularkaroti,performs, indicative, 3rd person, singularppaka, bad, adjective qualifying kamma (acc. neut. sing.) kyena,by way of body, instrumental, masculine, singularvc,by way of speech, instrumental, feminine, singularuda ... v,or, indeclinablescetas,by way of mind, instrumental, neuter, singular


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abhabbo so tassa paicchdya,abhabbat dihapadassa vutt.he is incapable of covering it up,this incapacity is said of one who has seen the state (of peace).

A + bhabbo,incapable, negative particle + nominative, masculine, singular(avyaybhava)

so,he, nominative, masculine, singulartassa paicchdya,of covering it up, demonstrative pronoun + dative, masculine,

singulara + bhabbat, incapacity, negative particle + nominative, feminine, singular

(avyaybhava)diha + [santi] + padassa,of one who has seen the state (of peace), genitive,

masculine, singularvutt, is said, nominative, feminine, singular



Vanappagumbe yath phussitaggegimhnamse pahamasmi gimhe,Just like a tall woodland tree crowned with blossomin the summer months, in the early summer,

Vanappagumbe,14 a tall woodland tree, masculine, singular nominative,

yath, just like, adverb to phussitaphussita (= phussitehi) + agge, crowned with blossom, instrumental + nominative,

masculine, singular (tappurisa)gimhna + mse, in the summer months, adjective + locative, masculine, plural

(kammadhraya)pahamasmi gimhe,in the early summer, numerical adjective + locative,

masculine, singular

14 According to amoli (p. 211) a Magadhism, where the nom. masc. sing. has the form -e.


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tathpama Dhammavara adesay,Nibbnagmi paramahitya. in the same way he preached the Dhamma which is best,which leads to Nibbna, the highest benefit.

Tath, in the way, adverb to adesayupama,the same, accusative, masculine, singularDhamma[ssa] + vara, the Dhamma which is best, genitive + accusative, masculine,

singular (tappurisa)adesay,he preached, aorist, 3rd person, singularNibbna[ssa] + gmi, goes to Nibbna, dative + accusative, masculine, singular

(tappurisa)parama + hitya, to the highest benefit, syntactic compound, dative, masculine,

singular

Idam-pi Buddhe ratana pata:etena saccena suvatthi hotu! [12]This excellent treasure is in the Buddha:by virtue of this truth may there be safety!

Ida pi, this, demonstrative pronoun to ratana (nom. neut. sing.) + indeclinable Buddhe,in the Buddha, locative, masculine, singularratana, treasure, nominative, neuter, singularpata, excellent, adjective qualifying ratana (nom. neut. sing.) etena, by this, demonstrative pronoun to saccena(inst. neut. sing.) saccena,by virtue of truth, instrumental, neuter, singularsuvatthi,safety, nominative, feminine, singularhotu,may there be, imperative, 3rd person, singular

Varo vara varado varharo,anuttaro Dhammavara adesay.The best one, knowing the best, giving the best,brought the best, unsurpassed he preached the best Dhamma.

Varo,the best one, nominative, masculine, singularvara, knowing the best, nominative, masculine, singularvarado,giving the best, nominative, masculine, singularvarharo, brought the best, nominative, masculine, singularanuttaro,unsurpassed, nominative, masculine, singularDhamma[ssa] + vara, the best Dhamma, genitive + accusative, masculine, singular

(tappurisa)adesay,he preached, aorist, 3rd person, singular


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Idam-pi Buddhe ratana pata:etena saccena suvatthi hotu! [13]This excellent treasure is in the Buddha:by virtue of this truth may there be safety!

Idapi, this, demonstrative pronoun to ratana (nom. neut. sing.) + indeclinable Buddhe,in the Buddha, locative, masculine, singularratana, treasure, nominative, neuter, singularpata, excellent, adjective qualifying ratana (nom. neut. sing.) etena, by this, demonstrative pronoun to saccena(inst. neut. sing.) saccena,by virtue of truth, instrumental, neuter, singularsuvatthi,safety, nominative, feminine, singularhotu,may there be, imperative, 3rd person, singular

Kha pura nava natthi sambhava,

virattacitt yatike bhavasmi,The old is destroyed, and nothing new is produced,(their) minds are unexcited by future rebirth,

Kha,destroyed, accusative, masculine, singularpura, the old, accusative, masculine, singularnava,new, accusative, masculine, singularna + atthi, nothing is, negative adverb + indicative, 3rd person, singularsambhava,produced, accusative, masculine, singularviratta + citt, unexcited minds, adjective + nominative, neuter, plural

(kammadhraya)yatike, by the future, adjective qualifying bhavasmi(loc. masc. sing.) bhavasmi,by rebirth, locative, masculine, singular

te khabj avirhicchand,nibbanti dhr yathyam-padpo. they destroyed the seeds, and have no desire for growth,the wise ones are still, just as this lamp (is still).

Te,they, nominative, masculine, pluralkha + bj, destroyed seeds, adjective + nominative, neuter, plural (kammadhraya)

a + virhi, no desire, negative + adjective (avyaybhava)avirhi[y] + chand, no desire for growth, genitive + nominative, masculine,

plural (tappurisa)nibbanti,are still, indicative, 3rd person, pluraldhr, the wise ones, nominative, masculine, pluralyath, just as, adverb to ( )aya,this, demonstrative pronoun to padpo (nom. masc. sing.) padpo, lamp, nominative, masculine, singular


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(Verses Spoken by Sakka, Lord of the Gods)

Yndha bhtni samgatni,bhummni v yni va antalikkhe,Whatever beings have come together here,whether of the earth or in the firmament,

Yni, whatever, relative pronoun to bhtni (nom. neut. pl.) idha,here, adverb to samgatni bhtni, beings, nominative, neuter, pluralsamgatni,have come together, adjective qualifying bhtni(nom. neut. pl.) bhummni,of the earth, adjective qualifying bhtni (nom. neut. pl.) v,whether, disjunctiveyni, whatever, relative pronoun to bhtni (nom. neut. pl.) v,whether, disjunctiveantalikkhe,in the firmament, locative, neuter, singular

Tathgata devamanussapjita,Buddha namassma suvatthi hotu! [15]the Realised One is revered by gods and men,we honour the Buddha - may there be safety!

Tathgata,the Realised One, accusative, masculine, singulardeva + manussa, Gods and men, dvandadevamanuss[ehi] + pjita, is revered by Gods and men, instrumental + accusative,

masculine, singular (tappurisa)Buddha,the Buddha, accusative, masculine, singularnamassma,we honour, indicative, 3rd person, pluralsuvatthi,safety, nominative, feminine, singularhotu,may there be, imperative, 3rd person, singular


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Yni, whatever, relative pronoun to bhtni (nom. neut. pl.) idha,here, adverb to samgatni bhtni, beings, nominative, neuter, pluralsamgatni,have come together, adjective qualifying bhtni(nom. neut. pl.) bhummni,of the earth, adjective qualifying bhtni (nom. neut. pl.) v,whether, disjunctiveyni, whatever, relative pronoun to bhtni (nom. neut. pl.) v,whether, disjunctiveantalikkhe,in the firmament, locative, neuter, singular

Tathgata devamanussapjita,Dhamma namassma suvatthi hotu! [16]the Realised One is revered by gods and men,we honour the Dhamma - may there be safety!


masculine, singular (tappurisa)Dhamma,the Dhamma, accusative, masculine, singularnamassma,we honour, indicative, 3rd person, pluralsuvatthi,safety, nominative, feminine, singularhotu,may there be, imperative, 3rd person, singular


Yni, whatever, relative pronoun to bhtni (nom. neut. pl.) idha,here, adverb to samgatni

bhtni, beings, nominative, neuter, pluralsamgatni,have come together, adjective qualifying bhtni(nom. neut. pl.) bhummni,of the earth, adjective qualifying bhtni (nom. neut. pl.) v,whether, disjunctiveyni, whatever, relative pronoun to bhtni (nom. neut. pl.) v,whether, disjunctiveantalikkhe,in the firmament, locative, neuter, singular


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Tathgata devamanussapjita,Sagha namassma suvatthi hotu! [17]the Realised One is revered by gods and men,we honour the Sagha - may there be safety!


masculine, singular (tappurisa)Sagha, the Sagha, accusative, masculine, singularnamassma,we honour, indicative, 3rd person, pluralsuvatthi,safety, nominative, feminine, singularhotu,may there be, imperative, 3rd person, singular


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28

MettasuttaniruttiAn Analysis of the Discourse about Friendliness Meditation

Karayam-atthakusalenayan-ta santa pada abhisameccaWhat should be done by one skilful in good,who has comprehended the state of peace:

Karaya, what should be done, nominative, neuter, singularattha [= atthe] + kusalena, by one skilful in good, locative + instrumental, neuter,

singular (tappurisa)ya ta, (the one) who, demonstrative and relative pronounssanta, of peace, nominative, neuter, singularpada, the state, nominative, neuter, singularabhisamecca, has comprehended, absolutive

sakko uj ca sj casuvaco c assa mudu anatimn [1]he ought to be able, straight, and upright,easy to speak to, meek, without conceit,

sakko, able, nominative, masculine, singularuj, straight, nominative, masculine, singularca, and, connectivesu + uj, upright, indeclinable + nominative, masculine, singular (avyaybhava)

ca, and, connectivesuvaco, easy to speak to, nominative, masculine, singularca, and, connectiveassa, he ought to be, optative, 3rd person, singularmudu, meek, nominative, masculine, singularan + atimn, without conceit, negative adjective + nominative, masculine, singular

(avyaybhava)


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An Analysis of the Discourse about Friendliness Meditation - 29

santussako ca subharo caappakicco ca sallahukavuttisatisfied (with little), easy to support,with few duties, and light in living,

santussako, satisfied, nominative, masculine, singularca, and, connectivesu + bharo, easy to support, negative adjective + nominative, masculine, singular

(avyaybhava)ca, and, connectiveappa + kicco, few duties, adjective + nominative, masculine, singular (kammadhraya) ca, and, connectivesallahuka + vutti, light in living, adjective + nominative, feminine, singular

(kammadhraya)

santindriyo ca nipako caappagabbho kulesu ananugiddho [2]with faculties at peace, prudent,not forward, and greedless among the families,

santa + indriyo, faculties at peace, adjective + nominative, masculine, singular(kammadhraya)

ca, and, connectivenipako, prudent, nominative, masculine, singularca, and, connectivea + ppagabbho, not forward, negative adjective + nominative, masculine, singular

(avyaybhava)kulesu, among the families, locative, neuter, pluralan + anugiddho, greedless, negative adjective + nominative, masculine, singular

(avyaybhava)

na ca khudda samcare kici yena vi pare upavadeyyuhe should not do the slightest thingwhereby others who are wise might find fault (with him).

na, not, negative adverb to samcareca, (untranslated), connectivekhudda, slightest, nominative, neuter, singularsamcare, he should do, optative, 3rd person, singularkici, thing, indeclinableyena, whereby, indepenedent adverb with causative sensevi, wise, adjective qualifying pare (nom. neut. pl.)pare, others, nominative, neuter, pluralupavadeyyu, might find fault, optative, 3rd person, plural


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Sukhino v khemino hontusabbe satt bhavantu sukhitatt [3](May all beings) be happy and secure,may all beings in their hearts be happy!

Sukhino, happy, nominative, masculine, singularv [= va], (untranslated), emphatickhemino, secure, nominative, masculine, singularhontu, may ... be, imperative, 3rd person, pluralsabbe, all, pronominal adjective qualifying satt(nom. masc. pl.)satt, beings, nominative, masculine, pluralbhavantu, may ... be, imperative, 3rd person, pluralsukhita + att, happy... hearts, adjective + nominative, masculine, plural

(kammadhraya)

Ye keci pabht atthitas v thvar v anavasesWhatsoever breathing beings there are -trembling, firm, or any other (beings),

Ye keci, whatsoever, relative pronoun + indefinite pronounpa + bht, breathing beings, adjective + nominative, neuter, plural (kammadhraya) atthi, there are, indicative, 3rd person, pluraltas, trembling, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.) v, or, disjunctivethvar, firm, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.) v, or, disjunctivean + avases, any other, negative adjective + adjective qualifying pabht (nom.

neut. pl.) (avyaybhava)

dgh v ye mahant vmajjhim rassakukathl [4]whether they be long or great,of middle (size), short, tiny, or of compact (body),

dgh, long, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.) v, or, disjunctiveye, they (who), relative pronoun to pabht (nom. neut. pl.) mahant, great, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.) v, or, disjunctivemajjhim, middle (size), adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.) rassaka + auka + thl, short, tiny, compact (body), adjective qualifying pabht

(nom. neut. pl.) (dvanda)


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dih v ye ca addihye ca dre vasanti avidre those who are seen, and those who are unseen,those who live far away, those who are near,

dih, seen, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.) v, (or), disjunctiveye, those who, relative pronoun to pabht (nom. neut. pl.) ca, and, connectivea + dih, unseen, negative particle + adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)

(avyaybhava)ye, those who, relative pronoun to pabht (nom. neut. pl.) ca, (untranslated), connectivedre, far (away), adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.) vasanti, live, indicative, 3rd person, plural

avidre, near, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.)l

bht v sambhaves v sabbe satt bhavantu sukhitatt [5]those who are born, and those who still seek birth -may all beings in their hearts be happy!"

bht, those who are born, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. neut. pl.) v, or, disjunctivesambhaves, those who seek birth, adjective qualifying pabht (nom. masc. pl.) v, or, disjunctivesabbe, all, pronominal adjective qualifying satt(nom. masc. pl.)satt, beings, nominative, masculine, pluralbhavantu, may ... be, imperative, 3rd person, pluralsukhita + att, happy... hearts, adjective + nominative, masculine, plural

(kammadhraya)

Na paro para nikubbethantimaetha katthaci na kaciNo one should cheat another,nor should he despise anyone wherever they be,

Na, no, negative adverb to nikubbethaparo, one (lit: other), nominative, masculine, singularpara, another, accusative, masculine, singularnikubbetha, should cheat, imperative, 3rd person, polite pluralna, nor, negative adverb to atimaetha atimaetha, should he despise, imperative, 3rd person, polite pluralkatthaci, wherever, indeclinablena kaci, anyone, demonstrative pronoun + indeclinable


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byrosan paighasanamaassa dukkham-iccheyya [6]he should not long for suffering for anotherthrough anger or through resentment.

byrosan, through anger, instrumental, feminine, singularpaigha[ssa] + sa, through [the idea of] resentment, genitive + instrumental,15

feminine, singular (tappurisa)na, not, negative adverb to iccheyyaaamaassa, for another, adverb to iccheyyadukkha, suffering, accusative, neuter, singulariccheyya, he should long, optative, 3rd person, singular

Mt yath niya putta yus ekaputtam anurakkhe

in the same way as a mother would protecther child, her only child, with her life,

Mt, a mother, nominative, feminine, singularyath, in the same way as, adverb to anurakkhe niya, her (lit: ones own), adjective qualifying putta (nom. masc. sing.) putta, child, nominative, masculine, singularyus, with ... life, instrumental, neuter, singulareka + putta, only child, numerical adjective + nominative, accusative, singular

(kammadhraya)

anurakkhe, would protect, optative, 3rd person, singular

evam-pi sabbabhtesumnasa bhvaye aparima [7]so toward all beingshe should develop the measureless thought (of friendliness).

eva pi, so, adverb + indeclinablesabba + bhtesu, toward all beings, pronominal adjective + locative, neuter, pluralmnasa, thought, accusative, neuter, singularbhvaye, he should develop, optative, 3rd person, singularaparima, measureless, adjective qualifying mnasa(acc. neut. sing.)

15Described as truncated feminine instrumentals (or ablatives) by the Comm. which gives other

examples.


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Metta-ca sabbalokasmimnasa bhvaye aparimaTowards the whole wide world he should developthe measureless thought of friendliness,

Metta, friendliness, accusative, feminine, singularca, (untranslated), connectivesabba + lokasmi, towards the whole world, pronominal adjective + locative,

masculine, singularmnasa, thought, accusative, neuter, singularbhvaye, he should develop, optative, 3rd person, singularaparima, measureless, adjective qualifying mnasa(acc. neut. sing.)

uddha adho ca tiriya-caasambdha avera asapatta [8]

above, below, and across (the middle),without barriers, hate, or enemy.

uddha, above, adverb to bhvayeadho, below, adverb to bhvaye ca, and, connectivetiriya, across, adverb to bhvayeca, (untranslated), connectivea + sambdha, without barriers, negative adjective + accusative, masculine, singular

(avyaybhava)a + vera, without hate, negative adjective + accusative, neuter, singular (avyaybhava) a + sapatta, without enemy, negative adjective + accusative, masculine, singular

(avyaybhava)

Tiha cara nisinno vsayno v yvat assa vigatamiddhoStanding, walking, or sitting,or lying, for as long as he is without torpor,

Tiha, standing, present participle (parassapada)cara, walking, present participle (parassapada)nisinno, sitting, past participle used with present participle meaningv, or, disjunctivesayno, lying, present participle (attanopada)v, or, disjunctiveyvat, for as long as, indeclinableassa, he is, optative, 3rd person, singular

vigata + middho,16 without torpor, adjective + nominative, masculine, singular

(kammadhraya)

16Normally neuter but here masculine.


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eta sati adiheyyabrahmam-eta vihra idha-m-hu [9]he should be resolved on this mindfulness,for this, they say here, is the spiritual way of life.

eta, this, demonstrative pronoun to sati (acc. fem. sing.) sati, mindfulness, accusative, feminine, singularadiheyya, he should be resolved on, optative, 3rd person, singularbrahma, spiritual, adjective qualifying vihra (acc. masc. sing.) eta, this, demonstrative pronoun to vihra(acc. masc. sing.) vihra, life, accusative, masculine, singular idha, here, adverb to hu-m-, (untranslated), euphonic particlehu, they say, aorist, 3rd person, plural

dihi-ca anupagammaslav dassanena sampannowithout going near a (wrong) view,virtuous, and endowed with (true) insight,

dihi, wrong view, accusative, feminine, singularca, (untranslated), connectivean + upagamma, without going near, negative particle + absolutiveslav, virtuous, nominative, masculine, singulardassanena, with insight, instrumental, neuter, singularsampanno, endowed, nominative, masculine, singular

kmesu vineyya gedhana hi jtu gabbhaseyya puna-r-et ti [10]having removed greed towards sense pleasures,he does not come to lie in a womb again.

kmesu, towards sense pleasures, locative, masculine, pluralvineyya, having removed, absolutivegedha, greed, accusative, masculine, singularna, not, negative adverb to eti

hi, (untranslated), emphatic indeclinablejtu, (untranslated),emphatic indeclinable gabbha [= gabbhe] + seyya, lie in a womb, locative + accusative, masculine, singular

(tappurisa)puna, again, indeclinable-r-, (untranslated), euphonic particleeti, will come, indicative, 3rd person, singularti (untranslated), quotation marker

tisuttanirutti- anandajoti bhikkhu

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