The Tibet QuestionThe Tibet Question

History of Tibet:History of Tibet: Flip-flopping under the DynastiesFlip-flopping under the Dynasties

1313thth c.-1368: Mongols c.-1368: Mongols Tibet = subject to Mongol lawsTibet = subject to Mongol laws

1368-1644: Ming1368-1644: Ming no control over Tibetno control over Tibet

1644-1911: Qing1644-1911: Qing Tibet = subject to Qing lawsTibet = subject to Qing laws

History of Tibet:History of Tibet:IndependenceIndependence

1910: China invades Tibet1910: China invades Tibet

1911: Qing collapse 1911: Qing collapse withdrawal from withdrawal from TibetTibet

1911-1951: Tibet independent (Dalai 1911-1951: Tibet independent (Dalai Lama)Lama)

History of Tibet:History of Tibet:Mao ReclaimsMao Reclaims

1949: Mao’s revolution1949: Mao’s revolution Mao threatens to “liberate” TibetMao threatens to “liberate” Tibet

Oct. 1950: China invades TibetOct. 1950: China invades Tibet

April 1951: 17 Point Agreement = China April 1951: 17 Point Agreement = China reclaims Tibetreclaims Tibet control over Tibet’s external affairs control over Tibet’s external affairs military occupation military occupation ““protection” of Tibet’s political systemprotection” of Tibet’s political system

History of Tibet:History of Tibet:Uprising & ExileUprising & Exile

1959: Tibetan uprising1959: Tibetan uprising 1000s of Tibetans die? (China 1000s of Tibetans die? (China

disagrees)disagrees) Dalai Lama flees to IndiaDalai Lama flees to India

May 9, 1959: Tibetan rebels file out of the Polata Palace to surrender

History of Tibet:History of Tibet:Chinese Rule Since 1959Chinese Rule Since 1959

1965: China establishes Tibet 1965: China establishes Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR)Autonomous Region (TAR)

1966-1976: Cultural Revolution destroys 1966-1976: Cultural Revolution destroys monasteries & cultural artifactsmonasteries & cultural artifacts

1980s-present: freedom of religion 1980s-present: freedom of religion restored but religious people still restored but religious people still persecuted; Han migrationpersecuted; Han migration