The Present Subjunctive

Realidades 3 p 132

The Subjunctive

So far in Spanish we’ve been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events.

Sentences in the indicative mood

Mañana voy al cine.Ayer, comimos pizza.Mi hermano siempre lloraba

cuando íbamos a la escuela. Tú has hecho la tarea ya.

The Subjunctive

Spanish has another mood called the …….

“subjunctive mood”.

The Subjunctive

The Subjunctive mood is made up of personal expressions: with certain verbs that express requests, wants, demands, suggestions, advice.

or Impersonal expressions such as:

“es importante que” “es necesario que”

The Subjunctive

Personal Expressions require the Subjunctive mood when someone wants another person to do something.

The Subjunctive

A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word que.

For example:

2 Clauses

Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francés

Independent clause(stands on its own)Subject > Verb

Separated by the word “que”

Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own)Begins with the word “que.”

Indicative Verb

Subjunctive Verb

The Subjunctive

Note that the subjunctive sentences have two parts, each with a different subject, connected by the word que:

The Subjunctive

For personal expressions ( when 1 person wants someone or something else to act/happen) The first subject uses the present indicative verb (recommendation, suggestion, want/wish etc…) + que and the second subject uses the present subjunctive verb (what should happen).

The Subjunctive

Common verbs used in personal expressions followed by que + subjunctive:

Querer ( e>ie) Preferir (e > ie) __aconsejar

exigir ___recomendar (e > ie)

Sugerir (e > ie)

The Subjunctive

Les recomendamos que Uds. hablen con un agente de viajes.

We recommend that you speak with a travel agent.

The Subjunctive

¿Quiere Ud. que escribamos nuestros nombres en las maletas?

Do you want us to write our names on our suitcases?

2 Clauses w/ impersonal expressions

Es bueno que yo aprenda francés

Independent clause(stands on its own)Subject > Verb

Separated by the word “que”

Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own)Begins with the word “que.”

Indicative Verb

Subjunctive Verb

Impersonal Expressions that are followed by the subjunctive

Es bueno/malo que….Es importante que….Es mejor que…..Es necesario que…..

The Subjunctive

We form the present subjunctive of most verbs the same way we form negative tú commands.

The Subjunctive

Drop the -o of the present-tense indicative yo form and add the subjunctive endings.

The Subjunctive

For -ar verbs:e, es, e, emos, éis, enFor -er/-ir verbs:a, as, a, amos, áis, an

HABLAR

hable

hables

hable

hablemos

habléis

hablen

COMER

coma

comas

coma

comamos

comáis

coman

VIVIR

viva

vivas

viva

vivamos

viváis

vivan

The Subjunctive

The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes as the negative tú commands.

Irregular Subjunctive Verbs

caersedecirhacerponersalir

tenertraerconoceroír

Irregular Subjunctive Verbs

hacer hag-o haga

tener teng-o tenga

HACER

haga

hagas

haga

hagamos

hagáis

hagan

Car, Gar Zar verbs

llegar: llegue, llegues…..

sacar: saque, saques ….

almorzar:almuerce, almuerces..

Irregular Subjunctive Verbs

Dar dé, des, dé demos, deis, den

Ser sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean

Ir vaya, vayas, vaya vayamos, vayáis, vayan

Estar esté, estés, esté estemos, estéis, estén

Saber sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan

*Haber haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan