the periodic table - barrington high school › cms › lib2 › il01001296...hc periodic...
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HC Periodic Table.notebook
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October 21, 2011
Sep 208:58 AM
Shiny Malleable Conductive Reactive
Dull Brittle Not Conductive Unreactive
Classifying Elements Lab
Sep 2211:27 AM
The Periodic Table
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Periodic Table HistoryDmitri Mendeleev, Russian Chemist -
The Periodic Law -
Developed the version of the periodic table that we use today.
The elements in the modern periodic table are arranged such that chemical & physical properties recur periodically as the atomic numbers increase.
Sep 197:50 AM
Mendeleev's TableArranged in order to increasing atomic weight.
How is the table arranged today??Q:
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Examples of some other periodic tables...
How is this periodic table arranged?
By atomic number.
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The Clark Periodic Table
How is this one arranged?
by atomic number
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The Physicist's Periodic Table
How is the one arranged?• By the highest energy level in the ground state• By the last type (s, p, d or f) of orbital filled
Sep 199:46 AM
The Spiral Periodic Table
How is this table arranged?In a spiral pattern according to atomic number.
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Metals, Non-Metals, Metalloids
Metals
Non-Metals
Metalloids
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Definitions...Metals -
Non-Metals -
Metalloids -
• Metals are to the left of the metal/non-metal line.• Non-metals are to the right of the metal/non-metal line .• Metalloids are along the metal/non-metal line; B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po, At
shiny, malleable, conductive & reactive with acid
dull, brittle, not conductive or reactive
share properties of both metals and non-metals
HC Periodic Table.notebook
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Sep 2211:49 AM
Parts of the Table...Periods:
Groups/Families:
The rows (left to right) on the periodic table. They are identified by a number...period 1 (first row), period 2 (second row), etc...
The columns (top to bottom) on the periodic table. Elements in the same group share chemical and physical properties. Some groups have specific names.
Periods
Groups
Sep 1412:49 PM
Group Names...
Alkali Metals
Alkaline EarthMetals
Transition Metals
Halogens
Noble Gases
Lanthanides
Actinides
All by itself
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Valence Electrons & The Periodic Table:• electrons found in the highest energy level of an atom• these electrons are lost or gained when an ion forms
• elements in the same group (except for the transition metals) have the same number of valence electrons
• therefore, elements in the same group (except for the transition metals) lose or gain the same number of electrons when they form ions
• you can tell the number of valence electrons and what charge certain elements will have as ions based on their location in the table
Sep 141:32 PM
Number of Valence Electrons
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metals lose electrons (positive charges)non-metals gain electrons (negative charges)
Ion Charges:
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A Few Extra Notes...Physical State - state (s, l, g) at room temperature (25oC)
mp/bp -
Black - solid Blue - liquid Red - gasOutlined - man made
Example 1 - Which two halogens have the highest boiling point?
Example 2 - Which metal has the lowest melting point?
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• Radioactivity - elements with atomic number 84 (Po) or greater are highly radioactive• Reactivity Trend -
metals: decreased reactivity across a period increased reactivity down a group
non-metals: increased reactivity across a period decreased reactivity down a group• Allotrope - different forms of the same element example - 3 allotropes of oxygen, O - free radical, unstable O2 - colorless gas O3 - ozone, blue colored gas
Sep 202:58 PM
Homework:pgs. ____________
in the packet