the origins of the cold war stanford lesson 11.1 powerpoint
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The Origins of the Cold War
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Remember
• The US and Soviet Union were on the same side in WW II
• After WW II, Europe was in ruins and former colonial empires were crumbling
• The scene was set for increased competition between the US and the USSR
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Cont.
• The Soviet Red Army remained in Eastern Europe after the war which led to the Soviet Bloc
• At the same time the US developed policies of containment- in particular the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan
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Cont.
• Yalta Conference- meeting between the US, England and Soviet Union in which they discussed re-establishing the war torn nations of Europe. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, PM Winston Churchill and Premier Joseph Stalin attended.
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Truman Doctrine
• US policy of sending aid to any country trying to prevent a communist takeover
• Considered the start of the Cold War
• It became the basis of US Cold War Policy
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Marshall Plan
• Program under which the US geve economic aid to help re-build postwar Europe
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Berlin Blockade
• The Soviet Union tried to hold West Berlin hostage by refusing food and supplies to be brought in to the people
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NATO
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization- The US, Canada and 10 other countries formed a defensive military alliance and agreed that an attack on one was an attack on all
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Winston Churchill,“Iron Curtain Speech”
1946
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Truman Doctrine, 1947
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The Marshall Plan, 1947
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NATO Treaty, 1949Warsaw Pact, 1955
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Who was primarily responsible for the Cold War: the United States or the Soviet Union?
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Definitions Document A
• Stettin- City in Poland once part of Germany
• Trieste- Seaport city in NE Italy
• Fifth Column- a group of people who undermine a larger group such as a nation from within
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Definitions Document B
• Totalitarianism- system of gov’t that requires blind obedience
• Coercion- persuading someone to do something by using force
• Intimidation – frightening someone to do something
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Iron Curtain Speech
1. Prime Minister of England and a brilliant military strategist- He was a close allay of the Americans
2. Power and to spread communism
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Definitions Document C
• Imperialist- increasing a country’s power by gaining control over other areas
• Monopolistic- capitalistic system with monopolies in the hands of a few people
• Ensuring- making sure something happens
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Definitions Document D
• Springboard- something that gives assistance to a particular action