the middle ages- feudalism
TRANSCRIPT
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The Middle Ages
Feudalism
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Feudalism System of social order and
government that developed during the Early Middle Ages
Emerges after the division of Charlemagne’s kingdom- Treaty of Verdun
Feudalism broght about some degree of order and justice to Europe
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Feudalism Agrarian
(farming) system Based on land (the manor)
-fief
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The Fief (Manor or Castle- surrounding lands)
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Medieval Castle (Fief)
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Windsor Castle in England
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The Manor
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Feudal Society- social classes Feudal King Nobles or Lords Knights Peasants Serfs
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Social Structure
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The game of chess reflects the various aspects of medieval feudalism
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Medieval kings and lords were at the top of the social and political hierarchy
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Richard the Lionhearted (England)_
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Medieval knights served the king and lords
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Knights Warrior class Served to protect the king and lord Did not do manual labor- farming Found glory in combat and warfare Rewarded for their loyal service
Given land Given noble titles (Sir, Lord, etc.) Gained prestige
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Peasants Peasants were
free workers. They worked the land and provided for the manor or fief.
Majority of people during the Middle Ages were peasants
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Serfs Workers who were NOT free to leave
the land (fief) This was essentially a form of
enslavement Serfs were NOT free to move about
from place to place They were not bought and sold,
however. Life was extremely harsh and difficult
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Vassalagethe system that held feudalism together
A vassal was the loyal subject of the king or lord
A vassal pledged loyalty and service In return for this service, a vassal
was often given land or a noble title Land = wealth and power
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Vassals submitted to the lord
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Chivalry Code of conduct that guided the lords
and knights (vassals) Chivalry stressed:
Bravery Loyalty Respect Religious devotion Courtesy (especially toward
noblewomen)
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Chivalry
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Noblewomen Arranged marriages were common Noblewomen did have some control
and power within their own homes Noblewomen could often read and
write Women were subject to male
authority
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The Medieval View of WomenTwo opposing views Women were often seen as
agents of the Devil Like Eve, women were more
prone to temptation and deception
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Some women were accused of witchcraft
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Joan of Arc was accused of witchcraft and burned at the stake by the English
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Another View of Women
During the Middle Ages women were also seen as pure and saintly (like the Virgin
Mary)- Mother of Christ
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Feudalism Feudalism would remain the
dominant social and political model until the later part of the Middle Ages.
Feudalism declined as the new middle class began to grow and as nation-states began to emerge