THE INTERNATIONAL JOINT SEMINAR & VISIT TO CLEAN AUTHORITY OF TOKYO

Tokyo, Japan 15 – 19 May 2017

Arranged by Nur Alam Syah

Student ID 120820160064

MASTER OF MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS

PADJADJARAN UNIVERSITY BANDUNG 2017

MARKETINGANALYSISREPORT

TokyoisJapan’sCapitalandthecentreofJapanesepolitics,economy,andculture.Coremanagementinstitutions,suchasheadofficesofcompanies,administrativeagencies,andforeigncorporations,areallconcentratedinthemetropolitanarea.Japanintotalhas47prefectures.Tokyoisoneofitsprefectureandhave23cities.Japanisasmall,butarticulate,country.They’readvancedintelecommunications,trasportationandwastemanagement.PESTLEanalysisofJapanareasfollows.A. POLITICALFACTORS

Japan is a monarchy. But thecurrent Emperor, Akihito, has little say inthecountry’spoliticaldevelopments.Heisafigureheadandasymbolofthecountry.Japan is connected with G8 and ASEAN.TheyhavearockyrelationshipwithRussia,SouthKorea,China, andTaiwan.Disputesare related to resources, such as naturalgas,oils,andfurthermarineresources.

Political factors relate togovernment policies, political conditionsand state security conditions. Unstablepolitical and security conditions of theState,canprovideasenseof insecuritytoall foreign tourists who come to acountries. Japan is a monarchy. But thecurrent Emperor, Akihito, has little say in

the country’s political developments. He is a figurehead and a symbol of the country. Based onobservationsinthefieldindicatestheJapanesegovernmentwasveryserioustoattractforeigntourists.Thetax-freepolicyadoptedbytheJapanesegovernmentverysupportstheJapanesemarket.

Policyonsystemtransportationespeciallyattokyocityisverygood.PublictransportwithinTokyois dominatedby theworld'smost extensive urban rail network of clean and efficient surface trains andsubways run by a variety of operators, with buses, trams, monorails, and other modes supporting therailway lines. furthermore, high parking taxes make people prefer public transportation rather thanpersonaltransportation.allofthepoliicymakeTokyoisComfortofaplacetostay

B. ECONOMICALFACTORS

Economicfactorsincludeallfactorsthataffectthepurchasingpowerofthecustomerandaffectthebusinessclimateofa countriy.TheJapaneseeconomy isstrong. In fact, it’s inthetop5for largesteconomiesintheworld.AstrongemphasisisplacedonitseducationsystemandbeingacontributortosocietyisahugepartofJapaneseculture.besteducationandgoodculturepreparesthemfortheworkingworld.Menareexpectedtojoinacompanyandstickwithitformost,ifnotall,oftheirworkingcareer.Womenareexpected toworkuntilmarried.economic stabitymake stockmarket is growingata rapidpaceanditisgoodforbusinessclimateofacountriybusinessclimateofacountriy.itcanmakeproductischeaperthanothercountry.Basedonobservationsinthefield,thepriceofasimilarproductischeaperinJapanthaninIndonesiaspeciallysmartphoneorElectronicgoods.

C. SOCIALFACTORS

Socialfactorsincludeallthefactorsthatcanaffecttheneedsofthecustomerandaffectthesizeof the existing market share (Example: level of community education, population growth rate, socialenvironmentconditionandworkenvironment).Basedonobservationsinthefield,Thecountryhas127millionJapaneseresidents.Thecoupleisexpectedtohaveatleastoneboywhocan‘inherit’thefamily’sworth and/or possessions. It’s a patriarchal system. However, birth rates have been low between

Figure1.TokyoImperialPlace

monogamous couples over the last couple of years. Regarding religion, Japan is open. Many areChristians,butafewventureintodifferentreligions,likeShinto.

D. TECHNOLOGICALFACTORS

Technologicalfactorsincludeeverythingthatcanhelpinfacingbusinesschallengesandsupporttheefficiencyofthecompany'sbusinessprocesses.Basedon observations in the field, Japan has one of themost advanced telecommunications systems,particularly with their mobile devices. Japan havemadeitpossibletoconnecttowifivirtuallyanywherein populated areas. So, instead of texting, theJapanese send emails and pass contact informationwirelessly by holding their phones together. In fact,many key facilities in Japan, such as hospitals,airports, and restaurants, use automation systems.They also have stronger robotic developmentcomparedtoothercountries.

E. ENVIRONMENTFACTORS

Environmental factors can be used whendoing strategic planning or trying to influence buyerdecisionssuchasgeographiclocationfactors.alargepopulation of Japan is concentrated in and aroundTokyo.This isn’tachoice, forthemostpart,becausemuchoftheislandisoverrunbymountainandforest.Because it’s surrounded by water, the land issusceptible to tsunamis and earthquakes. Withhousing and developments packed closely toaccommodate the high population, they’re at risk tocolossal damage should a natural disaster hit. Toprevent earthquake damage, buildings in japan aredesignedtowithstandearthquakesandtheJapaneseareveryconcernedabouttheenvironment.

RECOMMENDATION:

InlinewiththeeconomicgrowththatoccurredinindonesiaparticularyinJakarta,asaconsequenceofitsroleasacenterofgovernmentandcenterof trade ingoodsandservices,populationgrowthhasalso increasedmainly contributed by urbanization. The number of commuters increases the density of traffic in Jakarta.Meanwhile,thevarietyoftransportationmodesmixedtogetherinasinglelaneoftrafficinJakarta,causingtrafficjams in almost every street. The fact points out that the application of alternative solutionswhich is primarilytransportationmanagement,havesomeconstraints.itmaybesaidthatthemostimportantsolutionisthepoliticalwilltoencouragetheimplementationofseveralalternativesolutions. Indonesiamust learnJapantransportationmanagementspeciallyintokyo.

Figure2.Magokoroid(RobotInformation)

Figure3.ToiletForChild

Figure4.RestoranHalalFood

CROSS-CULTURALANALYSISREPORT

Crossculturecanrefertoacompany's initiativestoincreaseunderstandingofdifferentgroups,develop

effectivecommunicationormarketingeffortstoreachouttocustomersandclientsoutsideitstraditionalmarket.Methodsofcrosscultureareintendedtostrengthentheinteractionofpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsinthebusinessworldandisavitalissueininternationalbusiness.Understandingconsumerbehaviorforcompaniesthatmarkettheirproductswithinthebordersofacountryisquitedifficult.

A. DifferencesinValues,BeliefsandPolicies.

Japanisacountrythatisveryobedientto the rules and orderly. other than that,Japanese are very concerned with cleanliness.Thiscustomiscertainlyverydifferentfromthehabitsofthepeopleintheothercountry.Someof the rules and habits in this country areencountered in this study visit, among others:When we walking on stairs or sidewalks, wehave to separate thespaceso thatpeoplecanget ahead, In Japan provided various types ofbin.Youhavetosortoutthegarbageyouwantto remove. If there is no bin, you should firstpocket your garbage and throw it away whenyou see the bin, The Japanese are alwaysobedient and timely and Instead of smoking,thecountryhasspecialrulesandaspecialplaceforsmokers. Ifyouwanttosmoke,youshouldsmoke in a place that has been provided andallowed. If you violate, youalsohave topay afine.

B. AcculturationHabitsofJapanesepeoplearegenerally

acountry that isveryobedient to therulesandvery concerned with cleanliness. So that theinternational market players must also be ableto translate the marketing of its products inaccordance with the Japanese people's habits.Relatedtoeatinghabits,thefollowingaresomehabits andpassionsof Japanesepeople, amongothers: Fish Consumption and Love ofVegetables. almost in thewhole Japanese foodmenu must include vegetables in it.Based onobservations inthefield,oneofacculturation isJapanesestartlikingHalalmeatbecauseAnimalsarenottorturedwhenslaughtered.

C. WorldBrands

Japan hasmany product and culture that becomeworldwide. famous Product from japan areyakult, Hokben, car brand such as toyota and daihatsu andmany productmore. famous culture fromjapanareSumo,ninja,samuraiandetc.

RECOMMENDATION:Japanese are beginning to like halal food. This is an opportunity to Indonesian products. As aMuslim

country, Indonesia is famoushalal products. but to get customer in japan, the companies have to providehighqualityproduct.becausestandardfoodorgoodsinjapanisveryhight.

COMPANYVISITANALYSISREPORT

SHIN-KOTOINCINERATIONPLANT(TOKYO,JAPAN)

A. IntroductionMunicipalsolidwastemanagementindevelopedcountriesencompasses four stages of activities:

source separation, collection, recycling, treatment and final disposal. It starts in households, where waste isseparatelydisposedofaccordingtodesignatedcategories:glass,paper,plastics,metalsandorganicwaste.Injapanespecially tokyo have implemetation the bestMunicipal solidwaste. Tokyo is Japan’s Capital and the centre ofJapanese politics, economy, and culture. Core management institutions, such as head offices of companies,administrativeagencies,andforeigncorporations,areallconcentratedinthemetropolitanarea.Japanintotalhas47prefectures.Tokyoisoneofitsprefectureandhave23cities.The23citiesatTokyoMetropolitanGovernmenthasdesignedaninstitutionalframeworksthatthedutiesofmunicipalwastemanagementweretransferredto23cities. Waste management in the 23 cities is performed collaboratively, dividing roles among the respectivemunicipal governments, the Clean Authority of TOKYO, and the TokyoMetropolitan Government. the List OfIncinerationPlantsIn23CitiesOfTokyoasfollows:

Figure5.ListOfIncinerationPlantsIn23CitiesOfTokyo

Facilitiesname LocationPhonenumber Faxnumber

ChuoIncinerationPlant 〒104-00535-2-1,Harumi,Chuo-ku 03-3532-534103-5547-2263

MinatoIncinerationPlant 〒108-00755-7-1,Kounan,Minato-ku 03-5479-530003-5479-5399

KitaIncinerationPlant 〒115-00421-2-36,Shimo,Kita-ku 03-3598-534103-3598-5800

ShinagawaIncinerationPlant 〒140-00031-4-1,Yashio,Shinagawa-ku 03-3799-5353 03-3799-5005

MeguroIncinerationPlant (amongPlantremodeling)

OtaIncinerationPlant 〒143-00033-6-1,Keihinjima,Ota-ku 03-3799-5311 03-3799-5033

TamagawaIncinerationPlant 〒146-00922-33-1,Shimomaruko,Ota-ku 03-3757-5383 03-3757-5725

SetagayaIncinerationPlant 〒157-00741-1-1,Okura,Setagaya-ku 03-3416-535503-3416-5387

ChitoseIncinerationPlant

〒156-00562-7-1,Hachimanyama,Setagaya-ku

03-3302-2590 03-3302-2591

ShibuyaIncinerationPlant 〒150-00111-35-1,Higashi,Shibuya-ku 03-3498-5311 03-3498-5316

SuginamiIncinerationPlant (amongPlantremodeling)

ToshimaIncinerationPlant 〒170-00122-5-1,Kamiikebukuro,Toshima-ku 03-3910-5300 03-3916-2100

ItabashiIncinerationPlant

〒175-00829-48-1,Takashimadaira,Itabashi-ku

03-5945-534103-5398-2210

NerimaIncinerationPlant 〒177-00326-10-11,Yahara,Nerima-ku 03-3995-531103-3995-5317

HikarigaokaIncinerationPlant

(amongPlantremodeling)

SumidaIncinerationPlant

〒131-00421-10-23,Higashisumida,Sumida-ku

03-3613-5311 03-5247-5389

Shin-KotoIncinerationPlant 〒136-00813-1-1,Yumenoshima,Koutou-ku 03-5569-5341 03-5569-5346

AriakeIncinerationPlant 〒135-00632-3-10,Ariake,Koutou-ku 03-3529-3751 03-3529-3764

AdachiIncinerationPlant 〒121-08124-7-1,Nishihokima,Adachi-ku 03-3859-4475 03-3858-5106

KatsushikaIncinerationPlant 〒125-00321-20-1,Mizumoto,Katsushika-ku 03-5660-5389 03-5660-5379

EdogawaIncinerationPlant 〒132-00132-10,Edogawa,Edogawa-ku 03-3676-444603-3676-4547

Otherfacilities

Facilitiesname Location Phonenumber Faxnumber

ShinagawaCleaningFacilityforNightsoil(Nightsoilrelations)

〒140-00031-4-11,Yashio,Shinagawa-ku

03-3799-5361 03-3799-5005

KeihinjimaIslandIncombustibleWasteProcessingCenter

〒143-00033-7-1,Keihinjima,Ota-ku 03-3599-5310

(processingfacilities-proofadministration

office

03-3599-5360(processing

facilities-proofadministration

office

ChuboIncombustibleWasteProcessingCenter

〒135-00642,Aomi,Koutou-kufrontage

Large-sizedWastePulverizationProcessingFacility

〒135-00642,Aomi,Koutou-kufrontage

Source:http://www.union.tokyo23-seisou.lg.jp.e.de.hp.transer.com

Itwasdecidedthat23citieswouldindependentlymanageitsownwastecollectionandtransfer,whilemanagementofintermediateprocessing(incineration,pulverization,etc.)wasdeterminedtobehandledjointly.Thiswasduetofactofsomecitiesthathadnoincinerationplantwithinthem,andalsoforthepurposeofoptimizing the processing efficiency. Each of 23 cities collects waste and transfer and looks after recovery ofresources.WhereasCleanAuthorityofTOKYOlooksafterIntermediatewasteprocessingof waste, nightsoilprocessingetc.Andfinaldisposal(landfill)ismanagedbytheTokyoMetropolitanGovernmentasconsignedby23citiesandtheCleanAuthorityofTOKYO.Shin-KotoIncinerationPlantisoneofthebiggestinceneratorintokyo.TheShin-KotoIncinerationPlantpropertyareais61.000m2andincinerationcapacityis1.800ton/day.

B. TheShin-KotoIncinerationPlant

Figure6.ShinKotoInceneratorPlant

Wastemanagementofficesineachofthe 23 cities collect and transfer waste. Eachcity sets collection days and areas dependingon the type of waste, and conducts efficientoperation plans that correspond to seasonalchangesandregionaltrends inwasteamount.Waste processing in the 23 cities is free ofcharge for household waste (excluding thedisposal of waste exceeding 10 Kg per day),while large-sized waste and business-generated waste are charged. To ensureefficient transfer, transfer methods aredetermined based on the type of waste.Combustiblewasteisloadedontocollection

vehicles(suchascompactiontypevehicle)oncollectionsites,fromwhichitisdirectlytransferredtoanincinerationplant.

Shin-Koto Incineration Plantwas completed in September 1998. It plays an important role ofprocessing combustible waste and recycling energy since the heat generated during the incinerationprocesshelpstoproduceelectricityforenergyrecycling.Ithasacapacitytoprocess1,800tonofwasteperday andgenerates50000 kWwith a steam turbine generator. In addition, the incinerationplant isequipped with the state-of-theart air pollution preventive facilities to removes most of the hydrogenchloridecontainedinexhaustdustsulfuroxidesandmercury.Itburnscombustiblewastecontinuouslyathigh temperature (800-900 deg C) to ensure complete destruction of dioxins, which successfullymaintainstheemissionofdioxinsatmuchlowerlevelthanlegallystipulated.AlthoughrecyclehasbeenstressedbytheTokyoMetropolitanGovernmentasthekeytodealwithwasteproblem,incinerationhasstill been playing the main role in handling waste in Tokyo, almost 76% of waste was handled byincineration.

Shin-KotoIncinerationPlant,asthebiggestincinerationplantinTokyo,hasplayedacrucialrolein handlingwaste in the city. First, the incinerationplant canminimize the volumeofwaste, since thevolumeofwastecanbereducedto0.05%afterincineration,andthiscanreducethepressuretoexpandlandfills inTokyoBay.Second,usingincinerationtohandlewaste,especiallyfoodwaste,canreducethestingofthewaste andthiscanpreventtheoutbreakofdecease.Apartfromhandlingwaste,Shin-KotoIncineration Plant, as a sustainable incineration plant, provides heat energy for nearby public &community facilities through steam generated from boiling water fromwaste combustion, an energyrecovery process known as WtE (waste to energy). The steam is transported through large pipes tomultiple neighbouring buildings including a sports center, a swimming pool, and also the tourist spotYumenoshimaTropicalGreenhouseDome.Atthegreenhousedometheheatenergyisusedtomaintainastableindoorstemperatureof22degreesCelsiusinordertosustaintropicalplantspeciesonexhibition.Theenergyrecoveryfromcombustionofwasteissaidtobea‘green’practicesinceitutilizestrashthathas no other beneficial purpose and it generates enough energy to replace fossil fuel generatedelectricity for theneighborhood.Weare informed that the collectedwaste,with thorough sorting andcategorizingaccordingtoindustrystandards,containsenoughcaloriesthatitneedslittleornoadditionalfuel for combustion. However,wewere not able to obtain enough information at the visit to confirmwhetherthesteamdirectlysuppliesheattomaintainthetemperatureatthegreenhousedome,orgoesthroughaprocesswithturbinestogenerateelectricitytorunthefacility.Furtherresearchisrequiredatthispointforclarification.

Figure8.Gerbagetruck

C. AnalysisShin-KotoIncinerationPlantCombustiblewasteisincinerated

atShin-KotoIncinerationPlantinasafe,stable,andefficientmanner.Incinerationpreventsbacteria,vermin,andfoulodor,andmaintains a sanitary environment inTokyo. By incinerating waste, its willwastevolumereduce.Byrecyclingapartofbottomashintocementmaterials,andbymeltingitintoslag,theamountgoingto the landfill is further reduced.Emissionof hazardous substanceswithinexhaust and wastewater from theincineration plants is controlled andreduced to lower impact on theenvironment.InanShin-KotoIncinerationPlant,powergenerationandheat supplyare performed using the heat energy ofwaste incineration. But once improperwaste is brought into an incinerator Combustibles carried into incineration plants sometimes containwaste unsuitable for incineration, such asmetals, glass, or oversizedwaste that exceeds the disposalcapacityoftheplant.Suchimproperwastemaycausethehaltorfailureofincinerators,costingagreatdealofmoneyandtimebeforerecovery.Oncethefacilitiesbecomeincapableofacceptingwaste,wastecollectionandtransferoperationswillbeinterrupted,seriouslyaffectingwastemanagement.Topreventcarry-inofimproperwaste,andtoensuresafeandstableplantoperation,inspectionofincomingwasteisreinforced,andawareness-raisingactivitiesareundertaken.Specialweeksarealsosettoenhancetheaboveinspectionandtoperformcloseobservationatplatformsineachincinerationplant.OverallregularinspectiononincomingwasteisalsoconductedatShin-KotoIncinerationPlant..

C.1. FacilitiesinanIncinerationPlant

Initially when the truckentersthefacility,wastetruckscalemeasuretheweightofwaste.Wastecollectiontrucksdumpwasteintothebunker. Waste is temporarily storedhere until incineration. Some plantseven have large vacuums to collectwastethroughpipestothischamber.Wastecraneisprovidedinthetopofwaste bunker, which continuouslymixes the waste and sends to theincineration. Forced draught fan isused to send air from the wastebunker to the incineration. The air

Figure7.OutlineOfShinKotoInceneratorPlant

Figure9.Inceneration

suchsenthasafoulsmell.StokerFurnaceisusedasIncineratorwhichisheartofthisplant.Incineratorgenerallyburnswasteatahightemperatureofover800degreeCelsius.Aboilerisattachedtothefacilitywhichproducessteamfromheatgeneratedwhenwasteisburned,tobeusedforheatsupplyandelectricpowergeneration.Whensomethingisburned,majortwoproductsexhaustgasesandashesarecollected.Thistwothingscannotbedirectlydisposedtotheatmosphere.Exhaustfluegasesfromtheincinerationchamber passes through the cooling tower which cools high-temperature exhaust emitted from theincineratortoaround150degreesCelsius,forpreventingthere-compositionofdioxins.Exhaustgasessocooledmust be filtered before entering the atmosphere. Bag filter removes soot and dusts, dioxins,mercury, hydrogen chlorides and sulphur oxides from exhaust. Exhaust is cleaned with water andchemicals, for removing mercury, hydrogen chlorides and sulphur oxides. Next comes the CatalystReactionTowerwheredioxinsandnitrogenoxidesdecomposesinexhaustusingcatalysts.Throughtheinduceddraft fan, exhaust is sent to the stack.Height of stack depends on the local topography andmeteorologicalconditions.Exhaustthatisfreeofhazardoussubstancesorodourisreleasedintotheair.Solidsandheavymetalsinwastewaterproducedfromtheincinerationplantareremovedtothelimitorbelow,beforewastewaterisreleasedtosewerwhichreacheswaterreclamationcentrewherewaterisreclaimedbeforemixingitwithenvironment.HeartofthisplantisCentralControlRoomwhichcontroland monitors facilities including waste bunker and incinerator. Each facility continuously sendsinformationtoalarge-scalecomputersystem,andoperationsacrosstheentireincinerationplantcanbewatched on themonitors. Ash generated from incineration at an incineration Plant is separated intoBottomashandFlyash.Bottomashiscinderdischargefromthebottomofincinerator.Flyashissootanddustwithinexhaustthatiscollectedbybagfilters,etc.Bottomashafterremovingashtobemeltedintoslag,aswellasflyashafterprocessedwithchemicals,aresenttolandfilldisposalontheNewSeaSurfaceDisposal Site, which has been established and ismanaged by the TokyoMetropolitan Government.BecauseitisextremelydifficulttofindnewlandfilldisposalsitesintheTokyoPort,afull-scaleinitiativehasbeenundertakentorecycletheamountoflandfilldisposalandachievingmoreefficientuseofresources.In the initiative for recycling bottom ash into cement materials, bottom ash that is generated inincinerationplantsistransferredtoprivatecementfactoriesbyfreightvehicles/trains,andefficientlyusedascementmaterials.Cementmaterialsincludelimestone,clay,silica,ironmaterials,andplaster.Bottomashisusedassubstituteforclay.Typically, it isrecycledas Portlandcement.Portlandcementismostcommonandwidely used typeof cement that accounts for approx. 70%of cement consumption inJapan.Similarly,whenbottomashismeltedatahightemperatureofover1200degreesCelsiusandthenrapidlycooled,itturnsintoslag.Asslag,thevolumeisalmosthalfthatofash.Theprocessofmakingslagdecomposesdioxinswithintheash,andtrapsheavymetalsinside,therebymakingitsafeandefficientforuseinconstructionmaterials.

C.2. EnvironmentalMeasuresandCounterExhaust emission,

wastewater emission, odour,noise and vibration and ash(bottom and fly) are majorsources which affects theenvironment. But incinerationplants in Tokyo havemanaged tocounter this measures. Exhaustemission mainly consist Soot anddust, Dioxins, Mercury, HydrogenChloride, sulphur oxides andNitrogen oxides which may harmenvironment. Soot and dust are

Figure10.Generator

generally removed by bag filters. Dioxins generation is restricted through control of wasteincineration process, and their re-composition is prevented by rapid cooling of exhaust in thecoolingtower.Dioxinsarealsoremovedbybagfilters,anddecomposedinthecatalystreactiontowerusingcatalysts.Mercuryisremovedbyadsorptionintoactivatedcarboninbagfilters,andby liquid chelate in the gas scrubber. Hydrogen chlorides and Sulphur oxides are removed byinjectingslakedlimeintobagfilters,andthroughachemicalreactionwithcausticsodasolutionin thegas scrubber.Nitrogenoxides aredecomposed in the catalyst reaction tower throughareactionwithammonia.Similarly,wastewateristreatedinthewastewatertreatmentfacilitiestomeet the standard value, and released into the sewer. To counter noise and vibration, care istaken for the layout ofmachinery and soundproofwalls and vibration–control equipment areinstalled. Odour of the plant is mainly from waste bunkers, platforms and waste collectionvehicles.Airfrominsidethewastebunkerissenttotheincinerator,whereodourisincineratedand decomposed. While the incinerator is off the line, deodorizing devices are used anddeodorizingagentsarespread.Entrancesandexitsofplatformsaresealedwithaircurtainsanddeodorizingagentsarespread.CollectionVehiclesarewashedatwashingfacilitytoremovetheirodour.Wehavealreadydiscussedaboutbottomashandflyash.

C.3. HeatEnergyManagement

Shin-Koto Incineration Plantuse the heat energy generated fromwaste Incineration beneficially inpower generation and in supplyingenergy. Electricity and hot waterproduced at Shin-Koto IncinerationPlant are used within facilities tooperate the plant, thereby reducingelectricity purchases and fuel costs.Surplus electricity is sold to powercompanies. Shin-Koto IncinerationPlant sell electricity, and hot water.Hotwater ispressurizedand remainsin its liquid statewillbe tranferredto Hot water pool at arround thefactory In FY 2015, totalgeneratedpower was 1172.6 million KWh. In total, 660.86 million KWh electricity was sold fromincineration plants and 11.765,76million yen was income generated from electricity.501,000GJofheatwassoldand192.02millionyenwasrevenuegenerated.

D. Recomendation

Tosolvethewasteproblems,itisimportanttoreducethewastegeneration,reusewasteandtopromoterecyclingwasteasresourceswhichispromotedasfamous3RbyCleanAuthorityofTokyo.Butnomatterhowmuchdo these,waste is sure to be discharged and appropriate disposal ofwaste is necessary.Waste is burnt in theincinerationplantandbecomesashofvolumeofaboutonetwentieth.Thisprocesscontributestoprolongthelimitsofdisposalsites.Incinerationplantsaremakingeveryefforttopreventpollution.Theyalsoutilizetheheatenergyproducedbytheincineratorsforgeneratingelectricpower,supplyingsteamandhotwatertothewaterfrontareandneighbouringpublicfacilities.Itistime,toIndonesiathinkinghowtobuildinceneratortoreducewastethatgetsinthefinaltrash.