The Integumentary System

Mr. Biro Period _______

The Integumentary System Anatomy (Form)

Integumentary System Physiology (Function)

• The functions of the integumentary system are:– Help regulate body temperature– Protection from the UV radiation and other

potentially harmful environmental factors– Tactile (touch) sensation– Excretion of some metabolic waste– Protects us from pathogens– Acts as a blood reservoir– Synthesis of vitamin D

Major Parts of the Integumentary System

• Epidermis – Superficial (outermost) layer of skin that is composed of living and dead cells. The epidermis has proteins that act as water resistant layer that prevents water from leaving and entering the body, repel pathogens, and protect us from UV radiation. This layer contains no blood vessels or glands.

Major Parts of the Integumentary System

• Dermis – Deep (innermost) layer of skin that is contains all of the skin glands, blood vessels and nerves.

Dermis

Major Parts of the Integumentary System

• Sweat Glands – Release sweat to reduce internal body temperature and to get rid of some metabolic waste

Sweat Gland

Major Parts of the Integumentary System

• Sebaceous (oil) Glands – Release sebum (oil) that lubricates hair, helps keeps the skim hydrated, and has chemicals that kill some pathogens

Sebaceous Gland

Major Parts of the Integumentary System

• Arrector Pili Muscle - Small muscle connected to each hair follicle. When a person is cold, the arrector pili muscle pulls on the hair, which allows the skin to get closer to the body. This helps trap heat and is what causes goose bumps.

Arrector Pili Muscle

Major Parts of the Integumentary System

• Hair follicle – Area where the hair is made. The functions of hair are temperature regulation and protection.Hair Follicle

Hair

Structure Differences Between Human and Rat

Human• Have sweat glands covering

most of the skin• Have fewer Hair follicles per

square millimeter• Human sebaceous glands

only secrete sebum (there is a debate on whether humans secrete “functioning” pheromones)

Rat• Do not have sweat glands• Have almost 25 times more

hair follicles per square millimeter

• Rat sebaceous glands are larger, modified glands that secrete sebum and pheromones that influence reproductive behaviors

Comparison Pictures

Human Rat

Skin

Skin

Malignant Melanoma • Symptoms of disease

– Abnormal shape, size, color, texture and/or length of a mole. The mole may bleed when lightly touched.

• Cause of the disease– Prolonged exposure to UV radiation

• Treatments• Surgery • Chemotherapy and radiation

therapy if the tumor has metastasized

2 Fun Facts About the Integumentary System

1. The skin is a human’s largest organ2. The average person sheds about 40,000 skin

cells per hour, and these shed skin cells usually make up most of the dust in your home.

Video of the Integumentary System

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IAAt_MfIJ-Y

Works Cited• http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/information/anatomy/s

hed-skin-cells.htm, 2012

• http://vcebiology.edublogs.org/category/functioning-organisms/page/3/, 2012

• http://www.hcc.bcu.ac.uk/physiology/skin.htm, 2012• http://www.anatomy-resources.com/human-anatomy/sh208.htm,

2012• Levine, J., & Miller, K. (2007). Prentice Hall Biology California

Edition. Boston, Massachusetts: Pearson Prentice Hall.• Hoehn, k., Marieb, E. (2007). Human Anatomy & Physiology. San

Francisco, California: Pearson Benjamin Cummings • Mr. Biro’s Epic Lecture on the Integumentary System