the human body. levels of organization in the body cells tissues –epithelial, connective,...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Human Body
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Levels of Organization in the Body
• Cells
• Tissues– Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
• Organs– Examples include stomach, liver, heart
• Organ Systems– Examples include digestive and circulatory
systems
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Tissues in the Human Body
• Epithelial– Covering or lining tissue
• Connective– Joins, stores and supports
• Muscle– Internal and external movement
• Nerve– Conducts electrical signals
Blood
Muscle
Nerve
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Human Organ Systems
• Skeletal
• Muscular
• Circulatory
• Immune
• Respiratory
• Digestive
• Excretory
• Reproductive
• Nervous
• Endocrine
• Integumentary
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Cranium (skull)
Mandible (jaw)
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Clavicle (collarbone)Sternum (breastbone)
Humerus (upper arm)
Rib
Vertebra (backbone)
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PelvisRadius
Ulna
Carpals (wrist)
Phalanges (fingers)
Metacarpals (hand)
(forearm)
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Femur (thigh)
Patella (knee cap)
Tibia
Fibula
Tarsals (ankle)
Phalanges (toes)
Metatarsals (foot)
(lower leg)
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What are the main functions of the skeletal system?
– Framework and support of body• Where muscles attach
– Protects internal organs
– Storage of vitamins and minerals (calcium), and bone marrow (produces blood cells)
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What types of tissues make up the skeletal system?
• Connective tissue– Cartilage made of protein fibers
– Bone is formed during “ossification” when cartilage hardens
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What are bones?
• A solid network of LIVING cells and protein fibers that are surrounded by deposits of calcium salts.
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What is the advantage of spongy bone tissue in the ends of long bones?
• The ends of the bone is where force is applied
• Spongy bone adds strength without adding mass
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Which cells are produced in red bone marrow?
• Red blood cells – carry oxygen
• Some white blood cells– Killer T cells – B cells (produce antibodies)
• Platelets – help with blood clotting
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Compact bone (dense bone)
Spongy bone(adds strengthwithout mass)
Periosteum (tough layer of connective tissue surrounding bone)
Haversian Canal (contains blood vessels)
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Joints
• Place where one bone attaches to another– Immovable joints (fixed)
• Example: bones of skull
– Slightly moveable joints• Example: joints between vertebrae
– Freely moveable joints• Examples: Shoulder, Knee, Elbow, Hand
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Freely Moveable Joints
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Freely Moveable Joints
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