THE GUARDIA CIVIL AND ETA

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1. REPORT DATE 2002

2. REPORT TYPE N/A

3. DATES COVERED -

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE The Guardia Civil and ETA

5a. CONTRACT NUMBER

5b. GRANT NUMBER

5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER

6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER

5e. TASK NUMBER

5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) National Defense University Fort McNair Washington, DC 20319

8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATIONREPORT NUMBER

9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S)

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12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release, distribution unlimited

13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The original document contains color images.

14. ABSTRACT

15. SUBJECT TERMS

16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT

SAR

18. NUMBEROF PAGES

15

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a. REPORT unclassified

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Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18

ETATERRORIST ORGANIZATION WITH CRIMINAL ACTIVITY SINCE 1968

OBJETIVES: - THE INDEPENDENCE OF PART OF FRENCH AND SPANISH COUNTRY

- ESTABLISHMENT OF A TOTALITARIAN AND REVOLUTIONARY MARXIST REGIME IN THAT COUNTRY

833 VICTIMS CAUSED BY ETA

STRATEGY OF ETA

1º STAGE - ARMED INSURRECTION(1968-1981) (SPIRAL ACTION-REPRISAL-ACTION)

2º STAGE - POLITICAL NEGOTIATION(1981-1995) (COERCION TO STATE)

3º STAGE - NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION(1995-2002) (NATIONALIST PARTY, ESTELLA AGREEMENT)

4º STAGE - STRATEGIC DEPLETION

ETA TACTICS- FIGHT X: VIOLENT DEMONSTRATION AND COERCIONS ACT, INTIMIDATION TO POPULATION.

- FIGHT Y: SABOTAGE ACTS AND STREET RIOTS URBAN TERRORISM OF SOFT STRENGTH

- FIGHT Z: TERRRORIST ATTACKS AS MURDERS, KIDNAPPING AND BOMB DEVICES PLACING.

OPERATIONAL DECADENCEFATALITIES

POLITICAL WEAKNESSHB VOTE PROVISION

17,91 18,33 17,4714,65

10,12

16,29 16,55

05

101520

2001 1998 1994 1990 1986 1984 1980

% V.C.

SOCIAL WEAKNESS

ETA SUPPORTERS SURVEY

GOVERMENT STRATEGY

- OVERALL FIGTH

- POLICE EFICIENCY- ILLEGALIZATION OF BATASUNA- SOCIAL NETWORK DISBANDING

- INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

- FRANCE- EUROPEAN UNION- UNITED STATES

GUARDIA CIVIL

- FIRST FOUNDED IN 1844

- 73000 FORCES

- MISSIONS: - CITIZEN SECURITY POLICE- JUDICIAL POLICE (CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS)- DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE- BORDER POLICE- CUSTOMS POLICE- COAST GUARD POLICE- ROAD POLICE- ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION POLICE- WEAPONS AND EXPLOSIVES CONTROL- INTERNATIONAL AND MILITARY MISSIONS

THE GUARDIA CIVIL AND FIGHT AGAINST TERRORISM

- WIDE HISTORICAL EXPERTISE

- MAIN STATE TOOL- 50% TERRORISTS UNDER ARREST

- ANTI-TERRORISM MISSIONS- INTELLIGENCE AND INVESTIGATION- PREVENTION- ANTI-TERRORIST OPERATIONS

INTELLIGENCE SERVICE- 2300 FORCES

- PROVICENCIAL DEPLOYMENT

- HEAD ORGANIZATION

- UNIT 1: ETA- UNIT 2: OTHER TERRORIST GROUPS- UNIT 3: SECTS, URBAN TRIBES AND OTHERS- OPERATIONAL SUPPORT UNIT

- INTELLIGENCE AND INVESTIGATION

PREVENTION- PERMANENT AND GENERAL ACTIVITY OF ALL UNITS.

- SPECIFIC MISSIONS:

- AIRPORT SECURITY: 1400 FORCES

- FACILITIES SECURITY: 8514 FORCES

- CLOSE PROTECTIONS: 2166 FORCES

ANTI-TERRORIST OPERATIONS

- INTERVENTION SPECIAL UNIT

- KIDNAPPING, HOSTAGES, TERRORIST UNDER ARREST- 83 FORCES

- RAPID ACTION UNIT

- ANTI-TERRORIST MISSIONS AND HIGH RISK OPERATIONS (KOSOVO)- 557 FORCES- PREVENTIVE ACTION: CONTROL, BORDERS, SECURITY- COUNTER TERRORIST OPERATIONS: ENTRIES AND SEARCHES, DETENTIONS.

BOMB DISPOSAL

- DEACTIVATED BOMB DEVICES

- 250 POLICEMEN WORKING

- 10 CASUALTIES ON DUTY

- INJURED POLICEMEN

- NBQ THREAT

- 2001Desactivated 8606 artefacts (21 of them, terrorist)

CONCLUSION- MAIN TOOL FIGHTING AGAINST TERRORISM IN SPAIN

- POLICE ACTIVITY / MILITARY STATUTE

- REACTIONS GRADUALNESS- TO AVOID THE ARMY INVOLVEMENT IN DOMESTIC SECURITY- COLABORATION ELEMENT SECURITY FORCES / ARMED FORCES

- NEW CONCEPT OF HOME-LAND SECURITY

- FORCES NECESITIES ROBUST, FLEXIBLE AND POLYVALENT LIKE GUARDIA CIVIL TO FIGHT AGAINST NEW THREATS.