the geographic support system initiative (gss i) system initiative (gss-i) 3 . what is the gss-i?...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Geographic Support System
Initiative (GSS I)
Tim Trainor
April 17, 2013
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U.S. Census Bureau Mission
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A Change in Methodology
Prior to 1960
• Door to door enumeration
1960
• First mail-out census
• USPS delivered a questionnaire to every household on their routes
• Enumerators collected the completed forms
1970
• Census created an address register for densely populated USPS routes
• First mail-out/mail-back census
• Urban areas mailed back their forms; rural area forms were collected by enumerators
1980
• ~95% of the U.S. population is now included in the mail-out/mail-back census
• Address list created from the ground-up
1990
• First use of TIGER
• Address list created from the ground-up
2000
• Birth of the MAF
• MAF/TIGER Enhancement Project
• 1990 Address list was used as a starting point
• Began receiving the DSF from the USPS
2010
• Continuous update of the MAF to support the ACS
• Address canvassing covered the entirety of the U.S. prior to Census day
2020
• Introduction of Targeted Address Canvassing and the Geographic Support System Initiative (GSS-I)
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What is the GSS-I?
• An integrated program of:
– Improved address coverage
– Continual spatial feature updates
– Enhanced quality assessment and measurement
– Improved partnerships
• Supports a targeted, rather than complete, Address
Canvassing operation in 2019
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Expert Research at Census • Seven reports created by outside experts:
• The State and Anticipated Future of Addresses and Addressing
• Identifying the Current State and Anticipated Future Direction of Potentially Useful Developing Technologies
• Measuring Data Quality
• Use of Handheld Computers and the Display/Capture of Geospatial Data
• Researching Address and Spatial Data Digital Exchange
• Change Detection
• Master Address File (MAF) Evaluation
• http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gss/reports.html
• Summer at Census: • Steve Guptill; USGS Chief Scientist (Retired)
• Quantifying the Quality of the MAF/TIGER Database
• David Cowen; Distinguished Professor Emeritus • Use of Parcel Data to Update and Enhance Census Bureau Geospatial Data
• http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gss/qaewg.html
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Address Improvement Goals
• Current and complete address coverage
• Partnership programs
• Commercial address list sources
• Expanded address sources for MAF update, especially
in areas without city-style addresses
• Development of guidelines for submission of address,
feature, and boundary data
• American Community Survey (ACS) and current surveys
need current and complete coverage
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Feature Improvement Goals
• Ongoing street network and attribute updates
• Address point data collection
• Best available data from partners and commercial files
• Imagery for change detection and source evaluation
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Improving Data Quality
3: Monitor and Improve the quality
of the:
Existing MAF/TIGER
Data
IT processes for updating
the MAF/TIGER
System
Geographic products
output from the
MAF/TIGER System
1: Establish quantitative measures of
address and spatial data quality
2: Assign Quality Indicators to
MAF/TIGER data
New incoming
data
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iSIMPLE
Problem Capture Tool
Features Source Evaluation
Metadata Improvements
MTAG Better Meeting
MAF “Facility” Data User Needs
The CATT
Quality Indicators Improving Group
Quarters Data 11 IPTs formed
Highway Median “Flag”
Improvements
Parcel Data and Centroid Use
FY2011 10 Working Groups
Policy
Research and Development
Partnerships Address Coverage
and Sources
Project/Contract Management
Feature Coverage and Sources
Quality Assessments
MAF/TIGER Integration/ Linkage
Geocoding
Global Positioning Systems (GPS)
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2011 Address Summit
Outcomes 5 Address Pilots
• Address Authority Outreach and Support for
Data Sharing Efforts
• FGDC Address Standards and Implementation
• Federal/State/Tribal/Local Address Management
Coordination
• Data Sharing – Local/State/USPS/Census
• Hidden/Hard to Capture Addresses
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Address Indicators
• Overall Address QIs
- Address consistency
- Mailability
- Deliverability
- Locatability
- Geocode accuracy
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Feature Indicators
• Overall Feature QIs
- Spatial accuracy
- Feature naming
- Address ranges
- Feature classification
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Geographic Area Indicators
• For each Geographic Area, four major tests or sub-indicators
• Local review/approval of areas
• Regional review/approval of areas
• Program review/approval of areas
• Independent subject matter review/approval of areas
• Additional tests for statistical criteria, attributes, type of submission, contiguity, etc…
• Also tests for geographic interaction (slivers), and block size and shape
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Geocode Indicators
• Combines specific sub-indicators from
each other category
- Locatability and geocode accuracy (Address)
- Spatial accuracy & address ranges (Feature)
- Block size & shape (Geography)
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Overall indicators & weighting
• Addresses, Features, Geographic Areas,
and Geocodes QIs are then aggregated
according to subject matter formulas
• Each census tract will receive a single
overall score, and category scores where
relevant
• History and tendency will be tracked
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External sources
• Quality Indicators are MTDB only
• In the future, external sources may also
help determine MTDB quality, such as:
• Population estimates
• Building permits (new development)
• Comparison to Imagery
• Additional tests to check for completeness
of MTDB (omission/commission)
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Tract profiles
• Additional ability to adjust Quality
Indicators based upon profile elements of
the tract, such as:
- Natural disaster
- Unique address types
- Rapidly changing development
- Special land use areas
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Targeted Address Canvassing
• Is a traditional, on-the-ground canvassing
operation necessary to ensure a complete and
accurate address list for the decennial census?
– Determine the areas of the country in which the
address list and locational information can be kept
current without canvassing
– Identify characteristics for areas that should be
targeted for traditional canvassing
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Targeted Address
Canvassing
Decision Tree
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Water Tracts
• Tracts that are 100% covered by
water and have no population or
housing units will not be canvassed.
• Tracts that are 100% covered by
water and have some number of
population and/or housing units may
be canvassed.
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Special Land Use Tracts
• Tracts that are classified exclusively
as a special land use and have no
population or housing units will not
be canvassed.
• Tracts that are classified exclusively
as a special land use and have
some number of population and/or
housing units may be canvassed.
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Island Area Tracts • Island area tracts will not be canvassed
Traditional RUE/RA Tracts • Traditional Rural Update Enumerate tracts will not be
canvassed
• Traditional Remote Alaska tracts will not be canvassed
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All of the tracts where canvassing will not occur will be
aligned with the appropriate 2020 Census operation
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The Result
• All census tracts will be tested and ranked
• Work and updates can then be targeted to specific areas
most in need of update
- Prioritization of internal work
- Prioritization of partner contact and file ingestion
- Improved resource allocation
• Improved Products
- Shapefiles
- TIGERweb
- Improved address frame for censuses and surveys such as ACS
• Targeted Address Canvassing decision
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Partnerships are Key!
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Features Boundaries
Addresses
The GSS-I is dependent
on the authoritative data
provided by local, state,
and tribal governments
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Questions?
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