The effects of unplanned The effects of unplanned development & development &

mismanagement of the mismanagement of the ecosystemecosystem

Examples Of Unplanned Examples Of Unplanned Development & Mismanagement…Development & Mismanagement…Agricultural activitiesAgricultural activitiesDeforestationDeforestation InventionInventionDevelopment of residential areaDevelopment of residential area

Agricultural ActivitiesAgricultural Activities

Planting of paddy-excessive usage of Planting of paddy-excessive usage of fertilizers-flow into the river-nitrate & fertilizers-flow into the river-nitrate & phosphate-increase the growth of algae-phosphate-increase the growth of algae-causing causing eutrophicationeutrophication-aquatic life will die..-aquatic life will die..

EutrophicationEutrophication

Eutrophication occurs when large quantities of nutrients such as nitrates and Eutrophication occurs when large quantities of nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates enter an aquatic environment. Sources of these nutrients include animal phosphates enter an aquatic environment. Sources of these nutrients include animal wastes, agricultural runoff, and sewage. The ecosystem quickly experiences an wastes, agricultural runoff, and sewage. The ecosystem quickly experiences an increase in photosynthetic and blue-green algae, as these organisms thrive in the increase in photosynthetic and blue-green algae, as these organisms thrive in the presence of the added nutrients. An algae bloom occurs as the algae accumulates presence of the added nutrients. An algae bloom occurs as the algae accumulates into dense, visible patches near the surface of the water, prohibiting light from into dense, visible patches near the surface of the water, prohibiting light from penetrating deeper areas of lake or stream. Some fish are unable to survive without penetrating deeper areas of lake or stream. Some fish are unable to survive without this light, but for them an even more serious problem arises when the algae begin to this light, but for them an even more serious problem arises when the algae begin to die. At this point, oxygen-demanding bacteria take over the ecosystem, decomposing die. At this point, oxygen-demanding bacteria take over the ecosystem, decomposing the algae and using up dissolved oxygen in the process. These bacteria increase the the algae and using up dissolved oxygen in the process. These bacteria increase the biological oxygen demand (BOD) of the ecosystem. BOD is the amount of oxygen biological oxygen demand (BOD) of the ecosystem. BOD is the amount of oxygen required for the decomposition of organic compounds by microorganisms in a given required for the decomposition of organic compounds by microorganisms in a given amount of water. It is usually measured in milligrams of oxygen consumed per liter of amount of water. It is usually measured in milligrams of oxygen consumed per liter of water. Biological oxygen demand is important because it affects the amount of water. Biological oxygen demand is important because it affects the amount of dissolved oxygen available to all species in an aquatic ecosystem. A higher BOD dissolved oxygen available to all species in an aquatic ecosystem. A higher BOD indicates a lower level of dissolved oxygen. This lower concentration of oxygen indicates a lower level of dissolved oxygen. This lower concentration of oxygen causes many fish to suffocate, and as they die, the number of oxygen-demanding causes many fish to suffocate, and as they die, the number of oxygen-demanding decomposers increases even more.decomposers increases even more.

Eutrophication…..

DeforestationDeforestation

Uncontrolled deforestation-destroy the flora & Uncontrolled deforestation-destroy the flora & fauna-causing landslide & soil erosion- mud fauna-causing landslide & soil erosion- mud flood & flash floodflood & flash flood

Also affect the components of biosis and abiosis Also affect the components of biosis and abiosis –also led to the global warming & greenhouse –also led to the global warming & greenhouse effecteffect

Thinning of ozone layer-the change of the Thinning of ozone layer-the change of the climateclimate

Flash flood…..

Deforestation….

Soil erosion…..

Invention of…..Invention of…..

Vehicles, e.g cars-emit smoke-contains carbon Vehicles, e.g cars-emit smoke-contains carbon dioxide & carbon monoxide-pollute the air-dioxide & carbon monoxide-pollute the air-harmful to human and animal.harmful to human and animal.

Air conditioner & refrigerator-emit Air conditioner & refrigerator-emit chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)-thinning of ozone chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)-thinning of ozone layer.layer.

All contribute to global warming & greenhouse All contribute to global warming & greenhouse effect. effect.

Development Of Residential Development Of Residential AreaArea

Destroying the forest & hills-e.g building a Destroying the forest & hills-e.g building a condominium at hilly area-may cause condominium at hilly area-may cause landslide-floods-destroying the natural landslide-floods-destroying the natural habitats….habitats….

Landslides…..