the cultural significance and early history of basketball origins and unique features of america’s...
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The Cultural Significance and Early History of Basketball
Origins and Unique Features of Origins and Unique Features of America’s “Post-Industrial” GameAmerica’s “Post-Industrial” Game
I. The “Post-Industrial” Game
Parallels to post-industrial Parallels to post-industrial productionproduction--The “knowledge worker”--The “knowledge worker”
Far removed from climate Far removed from climate and topographyand topography
The role of systematic The role of systematic innovationinnovation--First Game: December, --First Game: December, 18911891--Founder: James Naismith--Founder: James Naismith
I. The “Post-Industrial” Game (cont.) Less rigidly defined Less rigidly defined
and specializedand specialized Organization of Organization of
authority less authority less hierarchicalhierarchical
Continuous action in Continuous action in basketball—not as basketball—not as sequential as baseball sequential as baseball or footballor football
II. The “Latecomer”
Naismith’s Naismith’s backgroundbackground
Context for the Context for the “invention” of “invention” of basketballbasketball
The original 13 rules The original 13 rules of the gameof the game
Spread of the game Spread of the game into foreign countriesinto foreign countries
II. The “Latecomer” (cont.)
Roots in institutions of Roots in institutions of educationeducation
--January, 1896: --January, 1896: University of Iowa vs. University of Iowa vs. University of ChicagoUniversity of Chicago
Naismith’s philosophy Naismith’s philosophy toward competitiontoward competition
Forrest “Phog” AllenForrest “Phog” Allen
II. The “Latecomer” (cont.)
Adolph RuppAdolph Rupp
--University of Kentucky, --University of Kentucky, 1930-19721930-1972
Dean SmithDean Smith
--University of North --University of North Carolina, 1962-1997Carolina, 1962-1997
Conference organization Conference organization and similar abuses to and similar abuses to college footballcollege football
II. The “Latecomer” (cont.)
Way game was played Way game was played changed over timechanged over time
““Cagers”Cagers” The freethrowThe freethrow The origins of The origins of
dribblingdribbling Mid-court line and the Mid-court line and the
center jumpcenter jump
II. The “Latecomer” (cont.)
Traditional offensive Traditional offensive strategystrategy
Origins of the “jump shot”Origins of the “jump shot”
--Angelo “Hank” Luisetti, --Angelo “Hank” Luisetti, Stanford UniversityStanford University
Stanford defeats Long Stanford defeats Long Island University, 45-31—Island University, 45-31—December 30, 1936December 30, 1936
Higher scoring games Higher scoring games result from jump shotresult from jump shot
II. The “Latecomer” (cont.)
Tall players begin to Tall players begin to make their mark in the make their mark in the 1940’s1940’s--Bob Kurland, --Bob Kurland, Oklahoma A&MOklahoma A&M--George Mikan, --George Mikan, DePaul UniversityDePaul University
Lane changes and Lane changes and goaltendinggoaltending
II. The “Latecomer” (cont.)
Evolution of the game Evolution of the game and its local appealand its local appeal
National appeal raised National appeal raised in the 1930’s as NYC in the 1930’s as NYC became basketball became basketball capital of the worldcapital of the world
--Ned Irish--Ned Irish
--NIT born in 1938--NIT born in 1938
II. The “Latecomer” (cont.)
New York eclipsed as the New York eclipsed as the center of the basketball center of the basketball worldworld-- “point shaving” -- “point shaving” scandals in 1951scandals in 1951--creation of the NCAA --creation of the NCAA tournament in 1939tournament in 1939
UNC over Kansas in triple UNC over Kansas in triple overtime, 55-54, in 1957overtime, 55-54, in 1957
Emergence of ACC as Emergence of ACC as basketball powerbasketball power
III. The “Grass Roots”
Enthusiasm for Enthusiasm for basketball in Indianabasketball in Indiana
Origins of basketball Origins of basketball in Indianain Indiana
Basketball at Purdue Basketball at Purdue and IUand IU
““Hoosier Hysteria”: Hoosier Hysteria”: High School High School basketballbasketball
III. The “Grass Roots” (cont.)
Reasons for basketball’s Reasons for basketball’s special status in Indianaspecial status in Indiana
State High School State High School Basketball Tournament Basketball Tournament (1911)(1911)
Milan defeats Muncie Milan defeats Muncie Central 32-30 in 1954Central 32-30 in 1954
Butler Field House (1928)Butler Field House (1928) The rise and decline of the The rise and decline of the
nostalgic “myth” of nostalgic “myth” of Indiana high school Indiana high school basketballbasketball
III. The “Grass Roots” (cont.)
Indianapolis Crispus Indianapolis Crispus Attucks defeats Gary Attucks defeats Gary Roosevelt, 97-74, in Roosevelt, 97-74, in 19551955
Two famous Two famous participants in Indiana participants in Indiana high school basketballhigh school basketball--John Wooden--John Wooden--Oscar Robertson--Oscar Robertson
III. The “Grass Roots” (cont.)
Popularity of basketball in Popularity of basketball in large inner-city areaslarge inner-city areas
Waves of immigrants Waves of immigrants invade these areas and take invade these areas and take up basketballup basketball--St. Johns University’s --St. Johns University’s “Wonder Five”“Wonder Five”--Eddie Gottlieb--Eddie Gottlieb
Urban Catholics contribute Urban Catholics contribute to the sportto the sport--Bob Cousy, Al and Dick --Bob Cousy, Al and Dick McGuireMcGuire
III. The “Grass Roots” (cont.)
Impact of the “Great Impact of the “Great Migration” on northern Migration” on northern inner-city basketballinner-city basketball
--Texas Western --Texas Western University defeats University defeats Kentucky, 1966Kentucky, 1966
Role of basketball for Role of basketball for inner-city cultureinner-city culture
Significance of these Significance of these “playground games”“playground games”
III. The “Grass Roots” (cont.)
Distinctive style of Distinctive style of play on inner-city play on inner-city playgroundsplaygrounds
The significance of the The significance of the “dunk”“dunk”
Playground basketball Playground basketball as a source of self-as a source of self-expressionexpression
III. The “Grass Roots” (cont.)
Playground basketball Playground basketball compared to Jazzcompared to Jazz
Significance of age and Significance of age and gender of playground gender of playground playersplayers
Role of lack of space on Role of lack of space on playground courtsplayground courts
Individual versus Individual versus collective ethic in collective ethic in playground basketballplayground basketball