The Cold WarProxy Wars

Essential QUestion

How did the tension of the Cold War play out in

proxy wars?

VocaBUlary

Third WorldProxy Wars

activator

Brainstorm:Other than the Soviet Union, what other people, places, or

things come to your mind when you think of

communism?

DISCUSS-RevieW

What was happening in China after World War II?

ChinEsE Civil War

p. 451

Chinese Civil War resumes immediately after WWIIWhich sides would you guess the U.S. & USSR support?

COLD War sidesThe Cold War is between the pro-democratic West

& the pro-communist East (now including China)While many make up the West, the U.S. is the leader

VS.

DISCUSS

What comes to your mind when you hear the term “third world country”?

What countries might be associated with this term?

thrEE Worlds• First World– Refers to the United States and its

pro-democratic allies

• Second World– Refers to the Soviet Union and its

pro-communist conquered nations

• Third World– Nations not aligned with either side– Often newly independent nations

LATIN AMERICAASIA

AFRICA

DISCUSS

What Third World country near China would next

become the focus of the Cold War?

(Hint: Think Kim Jung Un)

KoRea Divided• Korea Divided– WWII – controlled by Japan– Following defeat, Japan

surrendered to USSR in north and U.S. in south

– Korea in north becomes mostly communist

– Korea in south becomes mostly nationalist/democratic

Now that China is communist, what would you guess is going

to happen in Korea?

Proxy War in KorEa• Post WWII– 1949 – U.S. & USSR withdraw

their troops from Korea– Soviet Union begins supplying

North Korea with weapons

• Korean War (1950-53)– June 1950 – communist North

Korea invades South Korea– Sept 1950 – UN gets involved &

15 countries help South Korea– Nov 1950 – Chinese troops help

North Korea & push south– 1953 – war ends where it started

KorEan War

KorEan War

KorEan War

DISCUSS

The Korean War is one of many Proxy Wars fought

during the Cold War.

Define: Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars

Proxy WarsWars between opposing superpowers where they

use third parties as substitutes for fighting

each other directly

Proxy WarsEven though the Korean War was fought between North Korea and South Korea, it was really fought between the

United States and China/Soviet Union

VS.VS.

NORTHKOREA

SOUTHKOREA

DISCUSS

What other famous war involved the United States

and was fought in Asia during the Cold War?

DISCUSS

What do you know about the Vietnam War?

Vietnam WarSimilar to Korea, the Vietnam War was fought between North Vietnam and South Vietnam , it was really fought

between the United States and the Soviet Union

VS.VS.

NORTHVIETNAM

SOUTHVIETNAM

Proxy War in Vietnam• Formation of Vietnam– France had controlled Vietnam

(called French Indochina) since the days of Imperialism

– Vichy France gives Indochina to Japan during WWII

– France attempts to reclaim the land following WWII, but the people want independence

– France fails to reclaim land and Vietnam becomes a free nation

– North leans communist– South leans nationalist/democratic

DISCUSS

Why do you think the United States got

involved in Vietnam?

Proxy War in Vietnam• Vietnam War (1957-73)– 1950s – U.S. pledge support to

French fighting the Vietnamese; Soviet Union supports communist factions of Vietnam

– 1960 – U.S. sends 650 advisors to help South Vietnam

– 1963 – U.S. sends 16,000 advisors– 1964-70 – U.S. troops fight with

the South against the North– 1970-75 – U.S. begin removing

troops (Vietnamization)– 1975 – North defeats south and

Vietnam becomes communist

DISCUSS

How do you think Vietnam becoming communist impacted the world?

Impact oF vietnam War• Impact of the Vietnam War– The war was unpopular & caused

division among the U.S. population• Protests of the 1960s; hippies

– Communism gains another country which increased U.S. fears

– Since Vietnam was seen as a weaker country, the loss hurt the reputation of America’s military• 1st defeat in modern U.S. history

– Set the stage for more proxy wars between U.S. & USSR

VS.

DISCUSS

Where else do the U.S. and the Soviet Union battle in

proxy wars?(See Textbook, p. 550)

Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars

Proxy Wars

DISCUSS

Which countries were now communist by 1975?

Proxy Wars

DISCUSS

Which countries in danger of becoming communist

remained democratic by 1975?

Proxy Wars

DISCUSSWho is this

man?

CHE• Che Guevara– Argentine Marxist who led

revolutions in South America

• Background– As a medical student, he saw

much poverty & disease throughout South America

– Blamed the U.S. & capitalism– Believed communism would be

the solution & led many Latin American revolutions

– Was eventually captured and executed by the CIA

DISCUSS

What Latin American nation is the most famous for

being communist?

TOMORROWBrinkmanship & The Cuban Missile Crisis

ReadCh. 17, Sec 4.

Cold War Divides the World

WatchX-Men: First Class

SUMMARIZE

DiscussHow would you rate the success of the Truman Doctrine at this point?