the challenge of landscape (p a yeomans) 1958

8/10/2019 The Challenge of Landscape (P A Yeomans) 1958

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Imwadmoibi jrmn o pucdel smurlb, rbjmrnottbi oai lmrrbltbi ea 3;?9 tm o imlunbat cyFbmjjrby Cmmtg jmr @bydeab Orlgevb.www.ymutucb.lmn/lgoaabd/RLR[f[HXOd`xt3;6sxlip9I_/ocmut

Ygb

Lgoddbafb mj Doaislopb

YGB IBZBDM[NBAY OAI [SOLYELB

MJ @BUDEAB

* * *

cy[. O. UBMNOA\

[RCDE\GBI CU

@BUDEAB [RCDE\GEAF [YU. DENEYBI??6 [EYY \YSBBY \UIABU

OR\YSODEO


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YGE\ CMM@ E\ VGMDDU \BY R[ OAI [SEAYBI EA OR\YSODEO

CU VOEYB & CRDD [YU. DENEYBI, 97: BDEXOCBYG \Y., \UIABU.

SBFE\YBSBI OY YGB FBABSOD [M\Y MJJELB, \UIABU, JMS

YSOA\NE\\EMA YGSMRFG YGB [M\Y O\ O CMM@.

?527

LM[USEFGY. ODD SEFGY\ SB\BSZBI.

YGE\ CMM@ E\ [SB\BAYBI OY \MED OAI GBODYG DECSOSU

VEYG YGB \[BLEJEL OAI IESBLY [BSNE\\EMA

MJ ODDOA UBMNOA\


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IBIELOYEMA

YGE\ CMM@ es ibielotbi tm tgb Yrustbbs mj tgb @bydeab (Sbsborlg) Jmuaiotema ea opprbleotema

mj tgber weddeaf lm-mpbrotema oai voduocdb suppmrt ea tgb lousb mj @bydeab.

Ygb Yrustbbs mj tgb Jmuaiotema orb8

\ES L. \YOAYMA GEL@\ (Zelb-[rbseibat)

I. S. NLLORFGBU (Zelb-[rbseibat)

L. S. Nl@BSEGOA (Yrbosurbr)

[SMJB\\MS H. S. O. NLNEDDOA

IS. F. C. \. JOD@EABS

HMGA IOSDEAF

NU VEJB OAI NU\BDJ

Ma tgb jmrnotema mj tgb Jmuaiotema E wos oppmeatbi [rbseibat, oai Gormdi A. \oreao ollbptbi tgb

pmsetema mj Gmamrory \blrbtory.

Ygb rbod cbfeaaeaf mj tgb wmr` wgelg dbi tm @bydeab wos ea ?599, mur jerst judd ybor ma

"Umcoraeb", wgba ny crmtgbr-ea-dow noaofbr dmst ges dejb ea tgb cusg jerb. \m jmr ny wejb tgb bordy

ossmleotema wetg tgb wgmdb prmhblt wos mab mj ibbp cbrbovbnbat, oai cut jmr gbr weddeafabss tm

lmateaub tgba, @bydeab wmudi amt govb mrefeaotbi.

* * *

\ES L. \YOAYMA GEL@\ es [rmjbssmr mj Gunoa [gysemdmfy oai [gornolmdmfy ot tgb

Raevbrsety mj Oibdoeib0 es weibdy `amwa ea Bafdoai, tgb Raetbi \totbs mj Onbrelo, os wbdd os ea

Oustrodoseo jmr ges eatbrbsts ea doai ibvbdmpnbat. Gb jmuaibi tgb Oustrodeoa Lotbreaf Lmrps ea tgb

\blmai Vmrdi Vor oai es \lebatejel Jmmi Lmasudtoat tm tgb Oustrodeoa Orny. Ea ?52; \er \toatma

wos eavetbi tm ibdevbr tgb \oaibrsma-Vbdds dblturb ot tgb Raevbrsety mj Dmaima ("Jmmi oai Jmddy").

Yges ybor (?527) \er \toatma gos rblbevbi tgb gmamur mj oa eavetotema tm ibdevbr ea Dmaima tgb \er

Odcbrt Gmwori Nbnmreod Dblturb.

I. S. NlLORFGBU, L.N.F., mj Cmrmncmdo [or` Cbbj \gmrtgmra \tui, Voffo (A.\.V.), oai

Lmmamaf Nbream \tui, Aorroaibro (A.\.V.), es odsm o ierbltmr mj doai oai wmmd lmnpoaebs. Ygb

aonb NlLoufgby gos cbba jonmus jmr fbabrotemas ea Oustrodeoa postmrod gestmry.

L. S. Nl@BSEGOA, L.C.B., es [rbseibat mj tgb Surod Coa` mj A.\.V., o pmsetema gb gos mllupebi

jmr abordy 32 ybors. Gb gos sbrvbi ma aunbrmus lmnnettbbs oai es `amwa Oustrodeo-weib jmr tgb

port gb gos pdoybi ea lgoretocdb oai pgedoatgrmpel mrfoaesotemas, porteludordy ges oineaestrotema mj

tgb Oustrodeoa Lmnjmrts Juai iureaf tgb wor. [remr tm oai iureaf tgb wor, gb wos Lgoernoa mj tgb

Surod Oivesmry Lmualed. Noay Oustrodeoas govb cbba oeibi cy ges rbodestel sunneaf-up mj aotemaod

prmcdbns.

[SMJB\\MS H. S. O. NLNEDDOA es Iboa mj tgb Joludty mj Ofreludturb ot tgb Raevbrsety mj

\yiaby. Gb wos [doat Crbbibr ot tgb _ubbasdoai Ofreludturod Lmddbfb oai Dblturbr, Joludty mj

Ofreludturb, Raevbrsety mj _ubbasdoai. Gb gos sbrvbi wetg Oustrodeo's 'Lmnnmawbodtg \lebatejel


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oai Eaiustreod Sbsborlg Mrfoaesotema' (L\ESM) os [realepod Fbabtelest oai wos [rbseibat mj tgb

Smyod \mlebty mj Oustrodeo jrmn ?59? tm ?59


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LMAYBAY\

Gmnofb tm [.O. Ubmnoas cy Oddoa Ubmnoas

JMSBVMSI

[OSY MAB

E Zesema Ogboi

EE Ygb Oens mj @bydeab

EEE \med, ets Dejb oai ets Ldenotb

EZ Ygb @bydeab \lodb mj [brnoabalb

YGB BEFGY JOLYMS\ MJ YGB @BUDEAB \LODB MJ [BSNOABALB

Z Ldenotb

ZE Doai \gopb

ZEE Votbr \uppdy

ZEEE Jorn Smois

EW Yrbbs

W Jorn Cuedieafs

WE \ucievesema

WEE \med

[OSY YVM

WEEE Ygb @bydeab (Sbsborlg) Jmuaiotema

WEZ Rajmdieaf tgb [doa

WZ Lmnpdbteaf tgb Doaislopb

WZE Jbrtedesbrs. oai Jbrtedety

WZEE Vgy \med Lmasbrvotema=
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[OSY YGSBB

WZEEE Ibsefa oai Lmastrultema mj o Jorn Ion

WEW Iroeas oai Errefotema

WW Ygb Lgmelb mj Jorn Ion Ibsefas

WWE Sbworis mj tgb Codoalbi Doaislopb

Vetg twbaty-mab ieofrons tgrmufgmut tgb tbxt

Oiibaiun cy Oddoa Ubmnoas

[GMYMFSO[GEL [DOYB\*

YGB LGODDBAFB MJ DOAI\LO[B

YGB IBZBDM[NBAY OAI [SOLYELB MJ @BUDEAB

[ELYMSEOD \YMSU

*AMYB JSMN \MED OAI GBODYG DECSOSU8

Ygbsb vbry eatbrbsteaf pdotbs mpba ea o "abw weaimws".Ygby orb rotgbr sucstoateod imwadmois0 nmst orb wbdd wmrtg vebweaf.

Ygb Dbnma-slbatbi Funs mj "Umcoraeb" ?

Doaislopbs ma "Abvoddoa" 3

Doaislopb ma "Abvoddoa" oai "Umcoraeb"


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Ygb Iroeas mj @bydeab ??

Ion Yrmucdbs oai \tuiebs ?3

Ion Yrmucdbs oai \tuiebs ?


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* * *

Ygbsb


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Ygb Dotb [brlevod Odjrbi ("[.O.") Ubmnoas

O NOA CBJMSB GE\ YENBCy ODDOA UBMNOA\

[brlevod Odjrbi Ubmnoas mr "[.O" os gb cblonb àmwa tm odd ode`b, lgoafbi Oustrodeoa

ofreludturb. Et es imuctjud tgot oay noa ea tges lmuatry's gestmry gos goi sulg o prmjmuai eajdubalb

ma tgb tgeaèaf oai nbtgmis usbi cy tgb Oustrodeoa ofreludturod lmnnuaety.

Gb wos jrmn tgb lmuatry, cut frbw up ea o tmwa. Ges jotgbr, Honbs Ubmnoas wos o troea irevbr,

oai ldmsb jrebai mj mur Vmrdi Vor Ywm [renb Neaestbr, Cba Lgejdby.

Vgba [.O. stortbi jorneaf gb goi odrboiy olgebvbi lmaseibrocdb sullbss ea cuseabss. Gb oppdebi

tgb sonb tgmufgtjud oai lmnnma sbasb opprmolg tm ofreludturb tgot goi prmvba sm sullbssjud ea ges

mtgbr vbaturbs. Gb àbw wgot Oustrodeoa ofreludturb abbibi. Gb lrbotbi o "sustoeaocdb ofreludturod"

systbn cbjmrb tgb tbrn wos bvba lmeabi. O pbrnoabat ofreludturb, gb cbdebvbi, nust notbreoddy

cbabjet tgb jornbr, et nust cbabjet tgb doai oai et nust cbabjet tgb smed.

Ges eibos mj lmddblteaf oai stmreaf dorfb quoatetebs mj rua mjj wotbr ma tgb jorn etsbdj jmr

sucsbqubat errefotema wos vertuoddy uagbori mj, oai quetb mppmsbi tm stotb smed lmasbrvotema

ibportnbats tgba, oai cy smnb bvba amw. Ges eibos tm lrbotb wetgea tgb smed o cemdmfelod

bavermanbat tm oltuoddy ealrbosb jbrtedety wos uaequb, oai tmtoddy mppmsbi tm tgb senpdestel opprmolgmj tgb ofreludturod lgbnelod eaiustry. Ges eibos tgot useaf tyabi teddofb bquepnbat oai o uaequb

lmalbpt mj pottbra ludtevotema lmudi tmtoddy smdvb tgb rovofbs mj brmsema, wos solredbfb ea tgb bybs mj

bxtrovofoat oai wostbjud smed lmasbrvotema sbrvelbs. Ygby stedd orb sbba os o solredbfb tm lmavbatema

cy noay, bvba tm tges ioy. O qumtotema jrmn tgb frbot Fbrnoa pgyselest0 Nox [doal`, (?772 - ?596)

sbbns sm rbdbvoat tm tgb lmalbpts, tgb tgmufgts oai tgb cbdebjs mj [. O. Ubmnoas8

"O abw slebatejel trutg imbs amt treunpg cy lmavealeaf ets mppmabats oai noèaf tgbn sbb tgb

defgt, cut rotgbr cblousb ets mppmabats bvbatuoddy ieb".

Jmr gmw nulg dmafbr nust wb soy, "\m dbt et cb wetg @bydeab"=

Ea rbtrmspblt, Ubmnoas' batry eatm tgb jorneaf wmrdi oppbors odnmst eabvetocdb. Os o ymuaf, noa

ojtbr ocoaimaeaf o pmssecdb lorbbr ea coaèaf, gb trebi sbvbrod jebdis, ealduieaf tgb tgba vbry abw,

pdostels eaiustry. Ot mab stofb gb wos o gefgdy sullbssjud immr tm immr "Juddbr Crusg \odbsnoa".

Ygb wbodtg oai bxletbnbat mj neaeaf gmwbvbr, josleaotbi gen oai iureaf tgmsb gori ibprbssema

ybors, oai wetg o snodd jonedy, gb lmnpdbtbi o lmrrbspmaibalb lmursb ea neaeaf fbmdmfy. Ygot

lmursb lgoafbi tgb ierbltema mj ges dejb. Ea tgb wedi oai lgordotoa neaeaf ioys mj tgb ?5


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Ygb jonedy wos lmastoatdy ma tgb nmvb. Et tmm` dbss tgoa godj o ioy ea tgb tmwa mj \ao`b Zoddby ea

smutg wbstbra Zeltmreo tm iesprmvb tgb wedi ldoens mj relgbs mj ybt oamtgbr fmdi stre`b.

Gb bvbatuoddy bstocdesgbi gensbdj os oa bortg nmveaf lmatroltmr ea tgb bordy prb-wor ybors. Yges

cuseabss frbw, oai ges lmnpoay, [. O. Ubmnoas [ty Dti cblonb mab mj tgb nohmr bortg nmveaf

lmatroltmrs suppdyeaf mpba lut lmod tm tgb wor tenb Hmeat Lmod Cmori.

Ygb bamrnmus wor tenb toxbs ma lmnpoay oai pbrsmaod ealmnb lmateaubi jmr noay ybors ojtbr

tgb ldmsb mj tgb wor. O tox ealbatevb gmwbvbr goi cbba bstocdesgbi tm balmurofb tgb eatrmiultema mj

smed lmasbrvotema proltelbs, oai balmurofb o pmssecdb lgoafb tm, wgot wb amw lodd sustoeaocdb

ofreludturb. Jmmi prmiultema wmudi cb bagoalbi oai tgb tbrrecdb iust stmrns tgot rovofbi tgb

lmuatry, netefotbi.

Ealmnb borabi jrmn ama ofreludturod smurlbs lmudi cb spbat ma soveaf tgb doai. Ej jorn ions,

jbalbs oai lmatmur iroeas lmudi cb lmastrultbi blmamneloddy, oai cbabjeleoddy, tges lmudi rbsudt ea o

lmaseibrocdb lopetod foea. Lopetod Foeas Yox etsbdj iei amt bxest. Et lonb nulg dotbr os ybt oamtgbr

enpmsetema ma eaeteotevb. \m wos cmra tgb "[ett \trbbt Jornbr" (mr Lmddeas \trbbt, ibpbaieaf ma ymurstotb lopetod lety).

Lmasbqubatdy, ea ?59< Ubmnoas cmufgt twm oihmeaeaf cdml`s mj pmmr uaprmiultevb doai, tmtoddeaf

o tgmusoai olrbs, jmrty nedbs wbst mj \yiaby. Ygb jorn noaofbr wos ges crmtgbr ea dow Hen Corabs.

Lmavbatemaod smed lmasbrvotema proltelbs tgba ea vmfub wbrb lmnnbalbi. Ygbsb proltelbs goi cbba

oimptbi cy tgb abwdy jmrnbi stotb smed lmasbrvotema sbrvelbs. Ygby uajmrtuaotbdy mrefeaotbi jrmn

tgb ofreludturoddy eddmfelod proltelbs, "eavbatbi" cy tgb Raetbi \totbs Lmrp mj Bafeabbrs, fueibi oai

oivesbi cy R. \. Orny lmastrultema mjjelbrs. Ygb imltreabs mj smed lmasbrvotema ibportnbats, ea

Oustrodeo, govb cbba joerdy eajdbxecdb ma tgbsb essubs, oai ibportnbat ojtbr ibportnbat oimptbi oai

prmnudfotbi tgbsb bxtrovofoat oai usbdbss proltelbs. Ea tgmsb ybors tgot's odd tgbrb wos oai tgbsb

proltelbs wbrb trebi cy Ubmnoas oai prmvbi woateaf.

O gmrrejel fross jerb, joaabi cy mab guairbi `edmnbtrbs oa gmur weais, rolbi tgrmufg tgb

prmpbrtebs. Et wos tgb tbatg ioy mj Iblbncbr ?599. Hen Corabs wos reieaf tgb gmrsb "Feafbr" tgot

ioy, cut tgby lmudi amt mut rua tgb spbbieaf jdonb jrmat. Mady "Feafbr" survevbi tgb mribod, oai

wos rbterbi tm cblmnb o jonedy pbt. Ojtbr tges trofel olleibat, et wos smnb tenb cbjmrb o jonedy

iblesema jeaoddy lmalduibi tgot, tgb jorns sgmudi amt cb smdi.

Odd tgb bxpbrebalb fotgbrbi ea tgmsb ybors mj neaeaf oai bortgnmveaf Ubmnoas tgba crmufgt eatm

pdoy. Ygb twea cdml`s cblonb "Umcoraeb", o lmnceaotema mj Ubmnoas oai Corabs oai "Abvoddoa",

jrmn ges twm smas Abveddb oai Oddoa. @ba wos cmra dotbr ea ?596.

Ygb lgbop stmrofb oai troaspmrtotema mj wotbr, mvbr dmaf iestoalbs, orb usuoddy tgb dejb cdmmi mj o

sullbssjud fmdi neab, oai Ubmnoas cblonb lmavealbi et lmudi cb tgb dejb cdmmi mj o sullbssjud

jorn ea Oustrodeo. Ubmnoas tgba cblonb oa ovei rboibr oai smma rbodesbi tgot lmavbatemaod

ofreludturod wesimn tmtoddy efamrbi tgb cemdmfelod ospblts mj smed. Ygb lmalbpt mj tmtoddy eavbrteaf

tmpsmed cy useaf nmudicmori oai iesl typb pdmufgs wos prmfrbssevbdy ibstrmyeaf tgb jbrtedety mj

wmrdi smeds.

Gb oppdebi tgb wesimn mj Y. H. Corrbtt, Biwori Joud`abr, Cbrtgo Ionma, Jrebai \y`bs, Oairb

Zmesea oai noay mtgbrs, tm Oustrodeoa crmoiolrb joaaeaf. \m jmr tgb jerst tenb ea gunoa gestmry,

tblgaequbs wbrb ibvbdmpbi tgot lmudi prmiulb relg jbrtedb smed, tgmusoais mj tenbs jostbr tgoa tgot


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prmiulbi ea tgb uaossestbi aoturod bavermanbat. Yges tgba cblonb, ojtbr ma jorn wotbr stmrofb, tgb

sblmai nohmr jolbt mj @bydeab wgelg es odsm goveaf o sefaejeloat eajdubalb ma Oustrodeoa ofreludturb.

Cbeaf o neaeaf fbmdmfest, oai uaibrstoaieaf tgb uaibrdeaf fbmdmfelod strulturbs, fovb gen oa

opprbleotema mj doai jmrn tgot es odnmst tmtoddy dol`eaf ea tgb jorneaf wmrdi. Vetg creddeoat easefgt

gb lmnceabi tgb lmalbpt mj tgb bvbr rbpboteaf wbotgbreaf pottbras mj reifbs oai voddbys, wetglmatmur ludtevotema. Gb wos wbdd oworb tgot wgba ludtevoteaf poroddbd tm o lmatmur deab, tgb

ludtevoteaf pottbra ropeidy ibveotbi jrmn o trub lmatmur. Gb rbodesbi tgot tges "mjj lmatmur

ludtevotema", lmudi cb usbi tm sbdbltevbdy rbvbrsb tgb aoturod jdmw oai lmalbatrotema mj wotbr eatm

voddbys, oai irejt et mut tm tgb oiholbat reifbs. Gb ieslmvbrbi tgot o lmatmur deab, tgot roa tgrmufg

tgot pmeat mj o voddby, wgbrb tgb stbbpabss mj tgb voddby jdmmr suiibady ealrbosbi, goi uaequb

prmpbrtebs. \torteaf jrmn tges deab, oai ludtevoteaf poroddbd tm et, cmtg, ocmvb tgb deab, oai cbdmw tgb

deab, prmiulbi mjj lmatmur jurrmws, wgelg sbdbltevbdy irejtbi wotbr mut mj tgb brmsema vudabrocdb

voddby. Gb aonbi tges lmatmur "Ygb @bydeab". Ygb baterb systbn cblonb "Ygb @bydeab \ystbn".

Ygb bjjblts tgot [. O. Ubmnoas oai Ygb @bydeab \ystbn govb goi ma Oustrodeo oai Oustrodeoa

ofreludturb orb prmjmuai. Ges dost cmm` "Ygb Lety Jmrbst" [ucdesgbi ea ?56? bxpoaibi tgboppdelotema mj tgb prealepods. Ea et, tgb sonb @bydeab lmalbpts orb usbi os o coses jmr tgb doymut oai

ibsefa mj urcoa oai sucurcoa lmnnuaetebs. Lety bjjdubat oai wostb orb lmaseibrbi os voduocdb

lmnnmietebs. Gb prmpmsbi tgb lrbotema mj trmpelod oai suctrmpelod roea jmrbsts, wetgea tgb lety

cmuaiorebs, os por` doais, os smurlbs mj bxmtel tencbrs oai os tgb nboas mj blmamneloddy utedeseaf

lety bjjdubat jmr tgb cbabjet mj odd. Ygb Lety Jmrbst gos amw cblmnb o tbxtcmm` jmr doaislopb

orlgetblts oai urcoa ibsefabrs.

Ygb bquepnbat oai tgb proltelbs mj @bydeab govb cblmnb sm wbdd bstocdesgbi os port mj Oustrodeoa

ofreludturb, tgot et surpresbs noay tm rbodesb tges eajdubalb. Ea am mtgbr lmuatry ea tgb wmrdi, govb

jorn errefotema ions, lmatmur strep jmrbsts, lgesbd pdmufgs, ibbp teddofb ludtevotema, wotbr gorvbsteaf

odnmst cblmnb o aotema's "lmavbatemaod ofreludturb". [. O. Ubmnoas wos lmastoatdy ea lmajdelt wetg

curboulrotel mrtgmimxy. \m am stmab nmaunbats, amr mjjeleod rblmfaetema, govb bvbr cbba ollmribi

tm ges wmr`s. Ygb lgoafbi oai lgoafeaf jolb mj tgb Oustrodeoa doaislopb gmwbvbr, es ges ennbasb

oai wmrtgy nbnmreod.

Oddoa H. Ubmnoas

Fmdi Lmost Lety, _ubbasdoai Oustrodeo

Hoauory ?55


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JMSBVMSI

YGE\ cmm` mj ny guscoai's es tgb aoturod mutlmnb mj tgb rbsudts mj "Ygb @bydeab [doa", pucdesgbi

ea ?529. \m nulg gos goppbabi sealb tgba, cmtg ea pucdel rbspmasb oai proltelod rbsudts, tgot gb gos

cbba jrbqubatdy os`bi wgba ges abxt cmm` wedd cb pucdesgbi. Ges jonedeorety wetg @bydeab no`bs et

sm senpdb tm gen tgot iejjeludty es bxpbrebalbi ea rbodeseaf tges es amt odwoys sm tm mtgbrs0 amw gb es

tryeaf tm rbnbiy tgot ea tges cmm`.

Et es o aorrotevb mj proltelod bxpbrenbats oai bxpbrebalbs ea o lmnprbgbasevb opprmolg tm tgb

pdoaabi usb mj doai. Gb jbbds tgot am lmnpdbtb pdoa gos cbba prmiulbi cbjmrb oai @bydeab gos fmt

tgb nbret mj goveaf cbba trebi oai prmvbi sullbssjud.

Odtgmufg tges cmm`, tgba, es lgebjdy jmr jornbrs oai frozebrs, wb cmtg gmpb et wedd odsm ossest tm

jurtgbr badefgtba pucdel mpeaema tm tgb bxtbat mj weibdy rbodeseaf tgot wgba mur doai jmd` orb

bahmyeaf o sucstoateod nbosurb mj prmspbrety jrmn gefg prmiultema, tgba noay mj mur nohmr aotemaod

prmcdbns orb ma tgb woy tm cbeaf smdvbi.

Ygb eatbrbst sgmwa ea ges bjjmrts mvbr tgb dost jmur ybors gos cbba mutstoaieaf, oai vesetmrs jrmn

odd mvbr tgb wmrdi govb lmateaubi tm veset mur pdolbs.

Ges @bydeab [doa gos cbba oinerbi, lmaibnabi, lretelesbi, ollbptbi ea port oai bvba perotbi ea

port. Noay govb trebi mut sbltemas mj ges pdoa ma voremus typbs mj prmpbrtebs oai jorns, oai wgbrb

joetgjuddy lorrebi mut, govb yebdibi rbsudts tgot govb cbba nmrb tgoa sotesjoltmry.

Ny bxpbrebalbs ea tgb nottbr, tmm, govb cbba eatbrbsteaf, smnbtenbs bxospbroteaf, oai mjtba

onuseaf. Ygbrb wos tgb wmnoa wgm orrmfoatdy ibnoaibi tm cb sgmwa tgrmufg tgb "Abvoddoa"

gmnb oai cblonb quetb eaiefaoat wgba pmdetbdy tmdi et wos prevotb prmpbrty. O lgorneaf mdi doiy ea

gbr befgtebs tronpbi ormuai tgb poiiml`s oai gbr eatbrbst oai batguseosn wbrb eajbltemus. Oamtgbr,

o wmnoa imltmr, cblonb sm `bba iureaf o veset tgot sgb vmwbi ma gbr rbtura tm tgb lmuatry proltelb

gbr doai-mwaeaf potebats sgmudi rblbevb dorfb imsbs mj @bydeab wetg gbr lmursb mj trbotnbat

wgbabvbr sgb vesetbi tgbn. Mtgbrs orrevb jmr o quel` easpbltema, lgbl`eaf tgber wotlgbs ma orrevod

oai oddmtteaf pbrgops o jejtbba-neautbs "stoy". Ygbsb pbmpdb usuoddy orb ma tgber woy jrmn tgb lety

tm tgber eadoai prmpbrtebs oai tgb veset tm mur pdolb es tm cb "hust o posseaf dmm`". Ygby fbabroddyrbnoea jmr gmurs. Mab lmupdb goi jmur ymuaf lgedirba oai o dmaf hmuraby ogboi mj tgbn. Ygby

orrevbi ocmut dualg tenb, cut et wos ior` cbjmrb tgb guscoai jeaoddy ofrbbi tm dbovb. Ges wejb goi

ny synpotgy tgot ioy.

Ymfbtgbr wetg mur dmyod stojj wb govb sgorbi eatbrvebws, dblturb tmurs oai tgb no`eaf mj nmveaf

pelturbs. Ygbsb pelturbs wbrb sgmwa ea tgbotrbs oai dblturb godds, oai "Abvoddoa" gos cbba sbba ma

tbdbvesema cmtg gbrb oai ea Dmaima. \m @bydeab es stboiedy prmfrbsseaf.

Ma mab mllosema o ?:;;-nedbs @bydeab dblturb tmur mj Zeltmreo ea o pbremi mj tba ioys wos

uaibrto`ba. E fbabroddy fm wetg ny guscoai, oai wgba fevba tgb eteabrory wgelg smnb mj mur stojj

bxblutevbs goi wmr`bi mut E imuctbi mur ocedety tm lmpb. Et wos lbrtoeady o judd prmfronnb,lmasesteaf mj vesets tm mab mr twm prmpbrtebs ea tgb nmraeaf, tgba dualg, oai oa ovbrofb irevb mj mab


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guairbi nedbs ea tgb ojtbramma, ieaabr, oai o dblturb tod` ot aefgt wetg @bydeab jedns. Ny guscoai,

wgmsb spbblgbs orb enprmnptu, rbnor`bi tgot gb goi tm spbo` ma o iejjbrbat ospblt mj @bydeab bolg

tenb, ej mady tm `bbp nb jrmn joddeaf osdbbp.

Sbfrbtjuddy, wb loa am dmafbr cb ovoedocdb ma \uaioy ojtbrammas ot "Abvoddoa", os wb govb jmuai

mursbdvbs uaocdb tm ottbai tm tges wetg tgb prbssurb mj mtgbr bvbats. Gmwbvbr, "Abvoddoa" es amw eatgb lopocdb goais mj mur prmpbrtebs noaofbr oai ges wejb, wgm orb lorryeaf ma mur wmr` tgbrb vbry

sullbssjuddy.

Vb fm wgba pmssecdb tm mur prmpbrtebs, "@balordby", ot Mroafb, "Ygb Lonpcbddtmwa [dolb", oai

"[o`cy", ot Cotgurst. Gbrb tgb wmr` loa prmlbbi nulg jostbr, os odd tgmsb treod-oai-brrmr

bxpbrenbats mj "Abvoddoa" oai "Umcoraeb" orb bdeneaotbi oai mady amrnod prmcdbns loa

tbnpmroredy ibdoy prmfrbss.

Ma jerst easpblteaf "@balordby" os prmspbltevb cuybrs tgb wbotgbr wos gmt, tgb lmuatry iry, oai

tgb orbo odtmfbtgbr bxtrbnbdy ieslmurofeaf oai uaeaveteaf. E dmm`bi ot ets ruaimwa, abfdbltbi

oppboroalb, gbovedy lmvbrbi wetg slruc oai trbbs, tgb corrba smed, oai crm`ba jbalbs--bvba tgbgmusb wos uaeagocetocdb. Ny guscoai soei tm nb, "Vbdd, wgot im ymu tgea` mj et=" oai ny oaswbr

wos, "Ej et wosa't jmr @bydeab oai troltmrs E wmudia't woat tm tmulg et." Vb àmw tgot noay

doaigmdibrs oai mtgbrs lmaseibrbi tgb purlgosb o nesto`b, cut sm iei sbvbrod pbmpdb wgba wb jerst

cmufgt "Abvoddoa". Ygb stmry tgbrb, mj lmursb, es iejjbrbat amw oai wb bxpblt senedor rbsudts ot

tgbsb abw orbos, wetg tgb sonb ealrbosb ea smed jbrtedety oai sullbss tgot @bydeab crmufgt tm

"AbvodEoa".

Ygb jerst ybor ot "@balordby" wos uasotesjoltmry. Bquepnbat oai pdoat wbrb lmastoatdy gbdi up

mweaf tm coi wbotgbr, oai lmasbqubatdy et wmudi govb tm cb troasjbrrbi bdsbwgbrb oai tgba crmufgt

col` ofoea. Vb goi tm lmatbat mursbdvbs noeady wetg cmuaiory jbaleaf oai deab norèaf, oai

wgbabvbr o veset wos noib o jbbdeaf mj iesoppmeatnbat pbrvoibi us.

Ygb sblmai ybor wos iejjbrbat. Ygb irmufgt cbfoa oai, odtgmufg tges iei amt gbdp wetg smed

enprmvbnbat, et iei no`b pmssecdb tgb spbbieaf up mj tgb nohmr ibvbdmpnbat wmr`, wgelg amw

cblonb josleaoteaf tm wotlg. E govb stmmi wetg mtgbrs oai survbybi o slbab E goi abvbr cbjmrb

wetabssbi. Ygb tencbrbi lmuatry, odrboiy nor`bi ollmrieaf tm @bydeab, amw sgmwbi ropei lgoafbs.

Mab lmudi sbb o strep mj tencbr joddeaf cbjmrb tgb cuddimzbrs, wetg o deab mj trbbs ocmut tgerty yoris

weib dbjt stoaieaf. Abxt wmudi cb sbba oamtgbr strep wetg joddba tencbr odrboiy curaeaf ea gbops,

wgedb o jmurtg mab wos cbeaf lgesbd pdmwbi oai sbbibi imwa. Ygb wgmdb prmlbss, jrmn verfea

tencbr tm ludtevotema streps smwa wetg posturb sbbi, toèaf pdolb ea tgb mab orbo, amt hust o jbw olrbs,

cut guairbis mj tgbn lgoafeaf cbjmrb mur bybs.

Yges typb mj wmr`, mj lmursb, es smnbtgeaf noib pmssecdb cy tgb lmneaf mj tgb cuddimzbr bro, oai

wetg @bydeab os tgb fueib, am quodns orb ormusbi tgot sulg dorfb prmhblts noy cb o nesto`b.

Vetg tgb ldboreaf, lmnnbalbi odsm tgb wotbr stmrofb sbltema mj tgb pdoa. Ion cuedieaf stortbi,

oai mab jorn ion, "@balordby" Cosea, wb cbdebvb es tgb dorfbst ea tgb Lmnnmawbodtg, lmvbreaf

jmrty olrbs mj posturb-smwa poiiml` oai lopocdb mj gmdieaf mvbr o guairbi neddema foddmas mj

wotbr. Jevb ions orb amw lmnpdbtbi gbrb, wetg mtgbrs stedd tm jmddmw. Votbr wedd cb crmufgt tm tgbn

cy lorbjuddy pdoaabi iroeas oai rbdbosbi ofoea veosuetocdy dorfb pepbs tgrmufg tgb wodd tm errefotb

guairbis mj olrbs cbdmw tgb wodds ma tgb @bydeab jdmw pottbra. Vgba tgb roeas lmnb, et es frotejyeaf

tm wotlg tgb wotbr uaibr noa's lmatrmd jdmweaf odmaf tgb iroeas tm ets oddmttbi pdolb. Iureaf tgbcuedieaf mj tgb dorfbst ion, dmlotbi ea o wbt, swonpy voddby, o sbasb mj urfbaly goi ibvbdmpbi.


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"Vmudi et roea cbjmrb et wos jeaesgbi=" Noay wbrb tgb oaxemus qubrebs os tm tgb wbotgbr. Ygb roea

iei amt lmnb, gmwbvbr, oai noay nmatgs wbrb tm poss cbjmrb tgb irmufgt bvbatuoddy crm`b.

Ygb slbab es lgoafeaf lmastoatdy oai wb govb tm sgmw pbmpdb mtgbr orbos amt ybt stortbi tm

lmavealb tgbn mj wgot gos odrboiy goppbabi.

Os o lmatrost tgbrb es "[o`cy", o 3,;;;-olrb prmpbrty aeab nedbs jrmn, Cotgurst, ma tgb Nei-

Vbstbra Gefgwoy, wgbrb tgb smed es froaetb. Gbrb tgb doai gos cbba suchbltbi tm tgb tgmufgtdbss trbb

ibstrultema mj bordebr ioys oai lmasbqubatdy sujjbrs jrmn strmaf weais. De`b "Umcoraeb", et baiurbi

tgb jotb mj o cusgjerb ea mur jerst ybor mj mllupoaly, befgt guairbi olrbs mj fross wbrb curat oai

neamr cuedieafs ionofbi. "[o`cy" es coidy brmibi, tmm, ea ports wetg gufb brmsema fuddebs, lousbi

cy rmoi wotbr, cbfeaaeaf ot tgb cmuaiory jbalb. Ibvbdmpnbat wmr` gos amw ievbrtbi tgb wotbr tm

abw errefotema ions, ludtevotema jmr smed enprmvbnbat lmateaubs oai streps mj doai orb prbporbi jmr

trbb pdoateaf.

Mllosemaoddy wb orb os`bi wgy mur prmpbrtebs orb odd wbstwori mj \yiaby. Vgy amt amrtg mr

smutg, pbrgops bvba smnb mtgbr rbfema= [rmxenety tm bolg mtgbr oai tm dorfb lbatrbs wb jeai es tenbsoveaf cmtg jmr mursbdvbs oai mur stojj. Ygbrb govb cbba sulg lmnnbats os "Orba't ymu dul`y, tgby

orb odd ea tgb mab ierbltema wgba ymu woat tm fm veseteaf." Yenb fbabroddy cblmnbs sulg oa

enpmrtoat joltmr tm us, tgot, wgba dmmèaf jmr doai tm cuy, oai cbeaf oworb odsm mj tgb jolt tgot tgb

lety mj \yiaby es mur noea gboiquortbrs, trovbddeaf tenb oai suetocdb ollbss rmois pdoy oa enpmrtoat

port ea mur iblesemas.

Ym smnb tgb wmr` noy sbbn o nohmr uaibrtoèaf, oai lmasbqubatdy cbymai tgber lmaseibrotema,

ybt tgby wedd jeai et hust os pmssecdb ma o snodd slodb, tgb pottbra es tgb sonb, oai ea tgb ibvbdmpnbat

mj o prmpbrty tgbrb es pdbosurb oai sotesjoltema wotlgeaf tgb pdoa uajmdi. Mab ioy rblbatdy E stmppbi

tgb lor tm bahmy o vebw mj "Umcoraeb". Gmw vbry iejjbrbat et wos tm tgb mdi ioys! Amw E sow fmmi

frbba posturbs ma tgb fbatdy sdmpeaf gedds oai voddbys, ions mj wotbr lmrrbltdy dmlotbi oai stml`

frozeaf lmatbatbidy. E ima't tgea` E govb sbba oaywgbrb o vebw nmrb cboutejud. E àmw E jbdt vbry

goppy ocmut et.

Jeaoddy, E wmudi de`b tm soy tgot ojtbr jmur nmrb ybors mj mcsbrvotemas, stuiy oai eavbstefotemas,

oai goveaf cbba fevba oltevb suppmrt jrmn slebatests oai noay mtgbrs, nba wgmsb noea tgmufgt ea

tgb nottbr es tgb wbdjorb mj tgber aotema oai wgm orb ocdb tm wbefg tgb bveibalb mj @bydeab ldbordy

wetg oa uaceossbi neai, ny guscoai es nmrb lmavealbi tgoa bvbr ea tgb smuaiabss mj tgb tgbmry

oai proltelbs mj @bydeab. Gmwbvbr, tges cmm` wedd gbdp bduleiotb ges eibos oai cbdebjs oai pbrgops

cb mj smnb vodub tm mur aotema os o wgmdb. E àmw tgot wb orb cmtg gmpeaf tgot et wedd cb sm.

SEYO UBMNOA\

\yiaby, Opred ?527


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[OSY MAB


16/307

LGO[YBS E

Zesema Ogboi

VB orb ieslmvbreaf o abw Oustrodeo! Os ybt, jbw Oustrodeoas govb sbba et. Bvba tgmsb mj us wgm

sbb et bvbry ioy, wgm devb wetg et oai wmr` jmr et oai tgea` ocmut et lmateaumusdy, mady rboddy sbb et

mllosemaoddy ea enofeaotema. Cut wb govb sbba et tgmufg mady ea fdenpsbs0 abvbrtgbdbss, guairbis mj

Oustrodeoas orb tryeaf tm ibvbdmp tges pelturb ma tgber mwa doai.

Mllosemaoddy tgb jornbr sbbs tgb pelturb ibvbdmp suiibady ea o fmmi \preaf sbosma cut et joibs

ofoea oai es amt ybt pbrnoabat. Bxlbssevb gbot oai tgb ocsbalb mj roea cdbolgbs tgb lmdmur jrmn ges

pelturb. Ygb stml` irmmp oai dmsb tgb prmui pmsturb mj gbodtg oai tgb jornbr wmrrebs0 gb tod`s ocmuttgb wbotgbr0 gb es odwoys todèaf ocmut tgb wbotgbr--ej mady et wmudi roea! Ygb pelturb gos fmab. Et

loa rbtura oai pbrgops gb wedd sbb fdenpsbs mj tgb pelturb ea tgb nmmadefgt, wgba tgb gorsg deabs mj

rbodety orb smjtbabi os tgb jedn mj smed lmvbrs oai smjtbas tgb rml` jmrnotema cbdmw. Ygb doai slors

orb geiiba ea o vbdvbty snmmtgabss.

Mur jornbr tgea`s nmrb ocmut et amw. Ygb pelturb ibvbdmps oai enprmvbs ea ges enofeaotema.

Votbr! Ygb lrbb`s rua ldbor oai strmaf wgedb pmais mj wotbr jet saufdy eatm tgb voddbys mj ges jorn

de`b hbwbds ea o doaislopb mj cbouty oai pbrnoabalb. [brnoabalb, wetg trbbs prmtblteaf tgb doai

jrmn gmt oai lmdi weais ode`b0 trbbs wgmsb bolg dboj-jodd lrbotbs o codoalb mj smed jbrtedety oai fmmi

posturb, relg ior` smed oai woveaf lrmps.

Amw et es roeaeaf! Vmaibrjud, cmuatejud roea. Gbovebr amw ibjeaetbdy oai fross wedd cb ldboa oai

jrbsg ea tgb nmraeaf. Et noy cb tgb rbsbrvmer wedd jedd ofoea, tgb cef mab. Ldbor, ldboa wotbr, nmveaf

bvbrywgbrb oai jdmweaf eatm tgb gefgbr ions0 lmmd, ldboa oai ldbor. Ygb rbsbrvmer cbeaf abordy judd,

et stedd gos pdbaty mj wotbr ea rbsbrvb, cut amab mj tgb wotbr wedd cb dmst-amt 'ted tgb cef dmw ions ot

tgb cmttmn mj tgb poiiml`s orb jeddbi.

Ygb tgea bordy nmraeaf defgt es gorsg ma tgb trub slbab0 et es hust o irbon. Cut tgb gedds orb tgb

sonb. Ygby govb noeatoeabi tgot snmmtg, strmaf dmm` jmr tgmusoais mj ybors. Ygbrb es cbouty oai

prmnesb ea tgb voddbys. Ibspetb tgb ennbieotb voddby sm coidy brmibi, gb lotlgbs o fdenpsb mj tgb

jmrn oai usbjudabss geiiba ea tgb sgopb mj tgb doai gb àmws sm wbdd, cut rorbdy "sbbs", o sgopbsnmmtgbi mjj cy tgb ldenotb tgot gb devbs wetg, o ldenotb tgot es amt odwoys èai. Votbr oai trbbs!

Ygot es wgot es nesseaf--wotbr, trbbs oai fmmi smed.

Oamtgbr ioy gos orrevbi. Ygbrb es wmr` tm cb imab0 cut wgedb tgb jornbr wmr`s gb tgea`s oai usbs

ges enofeaotema, jmr tges doai wedd smnb ioy jet tgb pelturb tgot debs ogboi oai wgelg gb es amw

cbfeaaeaf tm sbb nmrb ldbordy.

* * *

Am imuct tgb pelturb mj tges abw Oustrodeo (wgelg wedd ibvbdmp ropeidy amw, ea spetb mj tgb bjjblts

mj irmufgt, jdmmi oai cusg jerb) es iejjbrbat jmr iejjbrbat pbmpdb.


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E sbb et os o pelturb tgot dmm`s refgt, oai cblousb et dmm`s refgt et loaamt gbdp cut cb nmrb cboutejud.

E sbb o cboutejud oai pbrnoabat doaislopb wetg trbbs tgot wedd gmdi et ea codoalb, enprmvb tgb deveaf

lmaietemas mj stml` oai gunoas oai prmtblt oai jmrn port mj odd posturb oai lrmp doais.

Ea tgb pelturb tgb doai wedd cb ldborbi, cut amt os mj mdi mr sm rutgdbssdy. Yrbbs wedd cb dbjt ea crmoi

cbdts, mr cb pdoatbi tm suet tgb doai jmrn, oai ea ossmleotema wetg wotbr stmrofbs tgby wedd fevb o abwbnpgoses tm tgb mdi oai cboutejud sgopbs mj mur gedds oai voddbys.

\med wedd enprmvb uated Oustrodeoa smed bvbrywgbrb es relgbr oai ibbpbr tgoa aoturb gos bvbr

prmveibi.

Et es o crmoi pelturb E sbb lmvbreaf quel`dy tgb neddema squorb nedbs (tgb :9;,;;;,;;; olrbs) mj mur

cbttbr roeajodd orbos. Et wedd cb o lmuatry ma wgelg jdmmi roeas wedd jodd os "nmaby" tm cb coa`bi ea

tgb relgbr smeds oai cbgeai tgb wodds mj jorn ions. Et wedd cb o doai tgot jerb loaamt cura oai ea

wgelg irmufgt wedd rbvbod mady tgb smuai bjjelebaly mj mur jorneaf oai frozeaf nbtgmis.

E cbdebvb tgb fbabrod lgoafb ocmut tm to`b pdolb wedd jmddmw tgb pottbra mj mdibr ibvbdmpnbats. Etwedd nmvb jrmn tgb lmost, lmateaumusdy pusgeaf jortgbr eadoai tgb stocedety oai tgb abw pbrnoabalb

mj ets ofreludturb. Ygbrb orb sulg jorns oai frozeaf prmpbrtebs, cut tgby orb jmuai usuoddy ea ldenotel

lmaietemas wgelg orb nulg cbttbr ofreludturoddy tgoa mur mwa.

Ygbrb es o tos` tm cb uaibrto`ba. Mady tgb pdoaaeaf oai wmr` mj mur doainba, tgb jornbr wgm es

odsm o frozebr, tgb frozebr wgm es o fmmi jornbr, wedd prmiulb tges abw pelturb oai supbrenpmsb et ma

tgb ofb-mdi jmrn mj mur doai. Meds wedd amt no`b tges pelturb. Et es o wotbrlmdmur. Oai jorn wotbr

wedd nex oai sprboi tgb pefnbats mj mur pelturb, tgb ibdelotb codoalb mj noay sgoibs mj frbba, tgb

wornbr tmabs mj tgb enprmveaf smed ior` wetg stmrbi nmesturb.

\ealb tgb frbotbst pmtbateod wotbr stmrofb lopolety es wgbrb tgb roea jodds refgt wgbrb wb woat et ma

tgb smed tm lmdmur posturbs, lrmps oai trbbs, oai sealb tgb frbotbst pmtbateod surjolb wotbr stmrofb es

ea tgb voddbys mj tgb jorneaf oai frozeaf prmpbrtebs, tgb prmspblts jrmn pdoaabi ibvbdmpnbat orb

ennbosurocdb.

Ygmufg bvbry port mj ofreludturod doai ibvbdmpnbat, e.b., tgb pdoaaeaf, tgb ioy-tm-ioy ruaaeaf oai

tgb noaofbnbat es enpmrtoat, tm us ea Oustrodeo am etbn es nmrb vetod tgoa tgb lmatrmd, lmasbrvotema

oai usb mj wotbr oai mur lmatrmd oai lmasbrvotema mj wotbr ma bolg sbporotb jorn jmr usb ma tgb

jorn lmudi cb tgb nohmr eajdubalb ma juturb ofreludturod ibvbdmpnbat.

Ygbrb es am imuct tgot tgb Oustrodeoa doainoa es sbbeaf o frbotbr pmtbateod ea ges mwa doai tgoa gbbvbr sow cbjmrb. Ges mwa enpmrtoalb ea tgb aotema's ibvbdmpnbat es cblmneaf nulg nmrb weibdy

rblmfaesbi. Gb gos nmrb outgmretebs mj tgb Fmvbranbat ossesteaf gen oai mjjbreaf oivelb tgoa bvbr

cbjmrb.

Gb es bvbr lmaslemus tgot tgbrb es sujjelebat àmwdbifb, jrmn ollunudotbi bxpbrebalb, eavbatema

oai slebalb, tm enprmvb oai ealrbosb ofreludturod prmiultema tm oay gbefgt tm wgelg aotemaod

ibvbdmpnbat lmudi pmssecdy osperb. Ubt tges àmwdbifb es mjtba iejjeludt tm oppdy. Et gos amt cbba

lm-mrieaotbi eatm proltelod oppdelotema ea tgb neai mj tgb ovbrofb doainoa. Et es odd tmm mjtba

prbsbatbi cy sbfnbat spbleodests wetg easujjelebat opprbleotema mj cosel ofreludturb. Ygbrb es o

aoturod tbaibaly jmr tgb jornbr, cmncoribi cy tmm spbleodesbi àmwdbifb jrmn noay quortbrs, tm

cblmnb lmajusbi, oai ea lmasbqubalb gb no`bs jodsb storts os tgb pmpudorety mj mab suchblt mr


18/307

oamtgbr imneaotbs ofreludturod pucdelety oai tgeaèaf jmr o tenb. Es tgbrb oay wmaibr tgot ot tenbs

gb sbbs et os o josleaoteaf cut abordy gmpbdbss hefsow puzzdb=

Odd àmwdbifb es cosbi ma senpdb juaionbatod trutgs. Ej tgbsb loa cb prbsbatbi ea o rbosmaocdb

mribr oai rbdotemasgep tm tgb jornbr, gb loa dbora quel`dy tm bnpdmy tgb àmwdbifb tm tgb sonb

bxtbat os ej gb wbrb nostbr mj odd tgbsb slebalbs. Gmwbvbr, tgbrb es-am outgmrety suetocdy lm-mrieaoteaf tges abw àmwdbifb jrmn tgb voremus slebalbs ea ofreludturb tm prbsbat et tm mur doainba.

Ygb bxtbasema wmr` mj odd Ofreludturod Ibportnbats abbis rbtgeaèaf oai rblosteaf.

Ej tgbrb es abbi jmr slebatests oai abw rbsborlg ea ofreludturod nottbrs--oai et es mcvemus tgbrb es--

tgba tgbsb nba sgmudi cb prbsbateaf tgber wmr` tm mur ofreludturod tbolgbrs sm tgot tgby ea tura loa

prbsbat mr tbolg et prolteloddy tm odd tgb jornbrs. Ej smnb ospblt mj bafeabbreaf es ablbssory mr

ibserocdb ea ofreludturb, tgba tgb bafeabbreaf ospblt sgmudi cb enportbi tm odd mjjelbrs mj ofreludturb

wgm lmatolt jornbrs. Ygb jbw bafeabbrs eavmdvbi loa im dettdb ierbltdy jmr tgb frbot auncbr mj

jornbrs, cut tgby loa eastrult o sujjelebat auncbr mj ofreludturod mjjelbrs wgm, ea tgber tura, loa

tbolg odd tgb jornbrs tgby lmatolt.

De`bwesb wetg smed lmasbrvotema, ej et es o ablbssory port mj jorneaf, tgba bvbry ofreludturod mjjelbr

sgmudi àmw tgb tblgaequbs oai cb ocdb tm oivesb tgb jornbr. Ygbsb tblgaequbs orb vbry senpdb oai

amt iejjeludt tm dbora. Ej tgb lmastrultema mj jorn errefotema ions es ablbssory, tgba surbdy odd

ofreludturod mjjelbrs sgmudi cb juddy lopocdb mj eastrulteaf jornbrs ma gmw tm ibsefa oai cuedi tgbn.

Odd tgbsb nottbrs loa cb juddy lmvbrbi ea tbolgeaf jmr proltelod usb ea o vbry senpdb josgema, oai

lmvbrbi, amtwetgstoaieaf tgb bxpbrt's lmateaumus tbaibaly tm prbsbrvb ges stoaieaf cy noèaf

senpdb tgeafs oppbor iejjeludt. Mr es et tgot tmm nulg gos cbba os`bi mj bxpbrts jrmn mtgbr jebdis

wgba ofreludturb etsbdj sgmudi govb `bpt tgb hmc ea ets mwa goais oai ldmsbr tm tgb jornbr.

Et sbbns tm nb tgot tgb ievmrleaf mj smnb ofreludturod nottbrs jrmn mur Ofreludturod Ibportnbats

es o rbtrmfroib stbp tgot gos lmst us oa uaàmwa cut vbry frbot onmuat mj prmfrbss, oai tgot tgb

lmateauoalb mj tges ievesema wedd sbremusdy oai stedd jurtgbr rbtori prmfrbss.

Am spbleodest ea o sbfnbat mj ofreludturb es de`bdy tm im os nulg fmmi jmr ofreludturb wetg ges

spbleodty os tgb fbabrod ofreludturod mjjelbr. Et es tges mjjelbr's iuty tm prbsbat tgb nottbr nmrb

prolteloddy tm jornbrs oai tm basurb tgot bolg etbn mj ollunudotbi àmwdbifb es sbba ea ets prmpbr

pbrspbltevb. Ej odd tges wbrb imab, tgba tgb pelturb mj mur ibvbdmpnbat wmudi govb pottbra oai

nboaeaf oai amt cb hust o sdmwdy enprmveaf ybt jmrndbss tgeaf. Mur bjjmrts nust cb tgb cbst

pmssecdb, os amtgeaf dbss loa cb tmdbrotbi.

Hust os o pelturb abbis o lroyma s`btlg mr o deab iroweaf cbjmrb tgb rbod lmdmurs orb oppdebi, sm mur

jorn wmr` abbis o pdoaabi senpdelety mj pbrjmrnoalb tgot wedd jex odd tgb sbltemas oai peblbs

tmfbtgbr ea mribrdy oai ea lmmrieaotbi ibsefa.

Ygb mchblt mj tges cmm` es tm prbsbat o cosel ibsefa jmr o nmrb stocdb oai pbrnoabat ofreludturb

wgelg wedd jet eatm tgb col`frmuai mj mur ldenotb oai mur doaislopb, oai o ibsefa wgelg wmudi govb

noaejmdi oppdelotemas cbymai mur sgmrbs. Yges es amt sm nulg o tbxt cmm` os et es o gestmry oai o

wmrèaf noauod. Et es o rbspmasb tm tgb lgoddbafb mj mur doaislopb.


19/307

LGO[YBS EE

Ygb Oens mj @bydeab

YGB @bydeab pdoa es o pdoa jmr tgb ibvbdmpnbat mj ofreludturod doai cosbi, jerst, ma ny mwa

lmalbptema mj wgot smed es, gmw et ibvbdmpbi aoturoddy oai gmw et loa cb jurtgbr ibvbdmpbi, oai,

sblmaidy, ma tgb ldenotb oai tgb doai sgopb mj bolg eaieveiuod prmpbrty ma wgelg tgb pdoa es

oppdebi.

Et es cosbi ma o cbdebj tgot tgb mrieaory pursuets mj jorneaf oai frozeaf orb ea tgbnsbdvbs tgb

nboas mj eaiuleaf oa bvbr-ealrboseaf jbrtedety ea tgb smed. Ygb tblgaequbs mj tgb @bydeab pdoa govb

cbba ibvbdmpbi tm tges bai.

Ygb oen mj tgb @bydeab pdoa tgba es tm enprmvb odd jorneaf oai frozeaf doais cy rbvbrseaf tgb

tbaibaly mj doai tm ibtbremrotb uaibr noa's mllupoaly--no`eaf et stocdb oai pbrnoabat ea o

fbabroddy enprmveaf doaislopb. Ets oen es tm enprmvb oay ofreludturod smed, jrmn tgb pmmrbr smeds

refgt tgrmufg tm tgb relgbst mj smeds, tm jor cbymai tgot wgelg mrefeaoddy ibvbdmpbi aoturoddy ea tgb

porteludor ldenotel bavermanbat. Ygb ibvbdmpnbat mj smed ea aoturb jrmn iboi bortg oai rml` noy

govb mllupebi lmaseibrocdb pbremis mj tenb. Noa, wetg dettdb tenb, jmrtuaotbdy gos noay nboas mr

prmlbssbs cy wgelg gb loa ropeidy enprmvb oay aoturod smed. Et. es lmaseibrbi tgot tgb nmst dmfelod mr

juaionbatod opprmolg tm smed enprmvbnbat es tgrmufg prmlbssbs wgelg orb oenbi ierbltdy tmwori

enprmveaf tgb bjjblt wgelg tgb fbabrod ldenotb gos ma tgb smed ldenotb. Bvbry tblgaequb mj tgb@bydeab pdoa es ibsefabi tm enprmvb tgb smed's ldenotb ofoeast tgb col`frmuai mj tgb fbabrod ldenotel

lmaietemas wgelg ojjblt et oai wgelg govb dorfbdy lrbotbi tgb smed.

Ygb @bydeab pdoa wos ibvbdmpbi ea Abw \mutg Vodbs, Oustrodeo, oai ets ibvbdmpnbat gos

prmcocdy cbba eajdubalbi cy tgb fbabrod lmaietemas os tgby oppdy tm nmst mj mur ofreludturod doai.

\ealb @bydeab es cosbi upma o stuiy mj ldenotb oai doai sgopb, et tgbrbjmrb jets ea o proltelod noaabr

oay typb mj ofreludturod doai. Gmwbvbr, ets voremus tblgaequbs wedd cb bnpdmybi ma o weibr slodb ea

tgb crmoibr ospblts mj ofreludturb bncrolbi ea tgb lbrbod lrmp, sgbbp oai lottdb lmuatry ea Oustrodeo

oai mtgbr doais.

Vgedb @bydeab rbhblts tgb wgmddy mr imneaoatdy lgbnelod mr ortejeleod jbrtedesbr opprmolg mjfbabroddy mrtgmimx ofreludturb, et jeais frbot vodub ea smnb ortejeleods jrmn o abw mr uamrtgmimx

opprmolg. Vgedb @bydeab es amt ldossbi os mrfoael jorneaf, et bnpdmys aoturod nboas mj smed

ibvbdmpnbat wetg frbot cbabjet.

Ygb mrtgmimx nbtgmis mj posturb enprmvbnbat orb amt @bydeab. @bydeab mctoeas ollbdbrotbi oai

frbotbr posturb enprmvbnbat cy oa bnpgoses ma smed enprmvbnbat, useaf posturb oai enprmveaf

posturb ea tgb prmlbss.

Et imbs amt jmddmw tgb opprmolg mr no`b usb mj tgb nbtgmis mj smed lmasbrvotema, cblousb tgb

@bydeab tblgaequb gos tgb bjjblt mj enprmveaf smed ropeidy oai lureaf oai prbvbateaf smed brmsema. Et

prbsbrvbs oai gmdis tgb aoturod sgopb mj doai cy enprmveaf tgb ldenotel bavermanbat mj tgb smed. Et


20/307

prbvbats jbrtedety brmsema mj fmmi smed cy ealrboseaf smed jbrtedety. \med brmsema tgba lbosbs tm cb o

joltmr rbquereaf spbleod lmaseibrotema.

Ygb pdoa oens fbabroddy ot lmasbrveaf os nulg wotbr ea tgb smed jrmn bolg roeajodd os tgb smed loa

usb jmr ets mwa enprmvbnbat ollmrieaf tm ets porteludor stotb mj ibvbdmpnbat. Ej odd tgb roea tgot jodds

es abbibi, tgba odd es lmasbrvbi, oai tblgaequbs orb prmveibi tm tges bai jmr tgb blmamnelod stmrofboai prmjetocdb usb mj tges wotbr. Odd surpdus rua-mjj es lmasbrvbi ea jorn ions mj voremus `eais oai

jmr porteludor usofbs.

Vgba wotbr jdmws cbymai tgb lmasbrvotema abbis mj tgb smed oai tgb oiietemaod lopolety mj jorn

ions, et es oddmwbi tm jmddmw aoturod jdmw deabs. Votbrjdmw wgelg jmrnbi tgb voddbys wedd amt

ionofb tgmsb voddbys ea o @bydeab prmfronnb.

Vgba wotbr es tgb deneteaf joltmr, stmrofbs orb ibsefabi ofoeast noxenun rua-mjjs, oai amt tgb

neaenun oaauod rua-mjj mj mrtgmimx rblmnnbaiotema.

Ygb @bydeab pdoa, ea lmnnma wetg noay mtgbrs, oivmlotbs trbb pdoateaf, cut prmveibs o pdoaabipottbra jmr odd pdoateafs.

Ofoea, tgb pdoa no`bs smed ibbpba. Et gos cbba soei tgot et noy govb to`ba lbaturebs tm ibvbdmp oa

ealg mj aoturod smed. Cut noa loa sm lmatrmd tgb joltmrs eavmdvbi tgot gb loa ibvbdmp noay ealgbs mj

fmmi smed jrmn iblmnpmsbi rml` oai sucsmed ea ocmut tgrbb ybors, wgedb ea noay eastoalbs gb loa

prmiulb fross ma sulg bortgs ea mab ybor.

Ygb @bydeab pdoa stbns prenoredy jrmn oa mvbrodd pdoaaeaf tblgaequb cosbi ma o abw lmalbptema

mj doai sgopb os o pmwbrjud oei tm ofreludturod doai ibvbdmpnbat, oai ets pdoaaeaf col`frmuai es tgb

pottbra to`ba cy aoturoddy jdmweaf wotbr. Yges loa cbst cb eddustrotbi os jmddmws8 Ygb jorn

gboiwotbr voddbys mj snmmtg, rmuaibi sgopb, wgbtgbr tgby orb snodd, mj o jbw olrbs, mr dorfb, mj o

jbw guairbi olrbs, fbabroddy govb twm iestealt sdmpbs odmaf tgb lbatrb deab mj tgb voddby0 mab, tgb

jerst oai stbbpbr sdmpb joddeaf jrmn tgb gedd mr reifb, oai, sblmai, o jdottbr sdmpb cbdmw, wgelg

fbabroddy es lmastoat tm ets hualtema wetg tgb wotbrlmursb cbdmw. Ygb pmeat mj lgoafb cbtwbba tgbsb

twm sdmpbs--tgb pmeat wgbrb tgb jerst stbbpbr gefgbr sdmpb nbbts tgb jdottbr dmwbr sdmpb E aonbi tgb

`bypmeat mj tgb voddby ea ny bordebr, cmm`, "Ygb @bydeab [doa".

O deab tgrmufg tges pmeat, bxtbaieaf tm dbjt oai refgt, wgelg noy cb betgbr o trub lmatmur deab mr o

deab wetg o sdefgt froib, ollmrieaf tm tgb lerlunstoalbs mj ldenotb oai doai sgopb wgelg wedd ojjblt

tgb pdoaaeaf mj bolg prmpbrty, es tgb `bydeab mj tgb voddby. Amw, tgbsb twm sdmpbs mj tgb voddby orb o

lmastoat jboturb mj doai sgopb, oai tgb voddby wetg ets ennbieotb bavermanbat es tgb jerst mr prenorywotbr lotlgnbat tm cb lmaseibrbi.

Ygb abxt oai dorfbr lotlgnbat orbo es tgot wgelg ealduibs twm, tgrbb mr noay mj tgbsb prenory

lotlgnbat orbos. Vetgea tges sblmai lotlgnbat orbo, ea o rbfema mj uaejmrn fbmdmfelod lgoroltbr, tgb

`bypmeats mj bolg prenory voddby govb o rbdotemasgep wetg bolg mtgbr0 tgby govb o reseaf rbdotemasgep

eatm tgb reseaf lmuatry. Ygbrbjmrb tgb fbabrod pdoaaeaf mj @bydeab es cosbi, jerstdy, ma tgbsb

fbabroddy lmastoat jboturbs mj doai sgopb, oai, sblmaidy, ma tgb fbabrod sucievesema mj doai tgot loa

cb noib ollmrieaf tm tgbsb aoturod sgopbs oai os iesldmsbi cy tgb voremus pottbras mj wotbr jdmw.

(\bb Jef. ?.)


21/307


22/307

Yges fbabrod pdoaaeaf to`bs jurtgbr pottbra ollmrieaf tm tgb wotbr rbdotemasgep mj tgb jorneaf

batbrpresb. Ej wotbr es slorlb oai tgb deneteaf joltmr, tgb pdoa prmveibs tgb udtenotb ea bjjelebaly ea

tgb lmasbrvotema mj wotbr. Ej wotbr ea ocuaioalb es tgb fbabrod prmcdbn, tgba et prmveibs tgb nmst

bjjelebat fbabrod pottbra jmr iroeaofb.

Jrmn tgb col`frmuai mj o judd opprbleotema mj doai sgopb oai wotbr nmvbnbat, wetg mtgbrldenotel jboturbs wgelg ealduib tgb bjjblts mj jdmmis, irmufgts oai cusgjerbs, @bydeab prmveibs oa

mribrdy oai synnbtrelod pdoa lmvbreaf bvbry etbn mj doai ibvbdmpnbat.

Ygb @bydeab pdoa es ibsefabi tm cb blmamnelod. Ygb rbsudt mj tgb judd @bydeab ibvbdmpnbat mj o

jorneaf oai frozeaf prmpbrty es tm ealrbosb tgb jbrtedety mj odd tgb doai, creaf usbdbss doai tmfbtgbr

wetg odd mtgbr doai eatm gefg prmiultevbabss, enprmvb bvbry ospblt mj tgb bavermanbat oai gmdi et

pbrnoabatdy oai sojbdy os oa enprmveaf doaislopb.

[doaaeaf amt mady prmtblts doai jrmn jdmmis, cut turas jdmmi wotbr tm oivoatofb. [doaaeaf cbots

irmufgt vbry bosedy. [doaaeaf prmtblts doai jrmn jerb. E govb amt sbba oay fmmi prmpbrty tgot

@bydeab wmudi amt enprmvb tgrbbjmdi, wetg tgb bxlbptema mj tgb snoddbr prmpbrtebs wgelg smnbtenbsrbolg ldmsb tm tgb noxenun mj prmiultema cy nboas mtgbr tgoa tgb cbst mr nmst blmamnelod. Ygb

fbabrod mribr mj pmtbateod enprmvbnbat ma nmst frozeaf prmpbrtebs ea Oustrodeo wmudi cb jrmn tgrbb

tm tba jmdi oai nmrb.

* * *

Odd ofreludturod doai es lmatoeabi ea wotbrsgbis mj voryeaf sezbs. Ygbsb stort wetg tgb snoddbst mr

prenory voddbys wgelg jdmw eatm mtgbr dorfbr voddbys. \bvbrod prenory voddbys noy jdmw tm mab dorfbr

mr sblmaiory voddby0 sbvbrod mj tgb sblmaiory voddbys--bolg wetg ets sbvbrod prenory voddbys--tgba

jdmw eatm o snodd lrbb` voddby. \bvbrod snodd lrbb` voddbys, bolg wetg ets sbvbrod sblmaiory voddbys

oai bolg mj tgbsb ea tura wetg ets sbrebs mj prenory voddbys, noy jdmw eatm o dorfbr lrbb` voddby, oai

sm ma uated tgb jeaod voddby, oai ets wotbrsgbi ealduibs odd tgb doai tgot jdmws wotbr tm tgb nmutg mj

tgb revbr ot tgb sbo lmost.

Ygb prenory oai sblmaiory voddbys orb tgmsb mj tgb jorns oai frozeaf prmpbrtebs. Mj tgbsb twm,

tgb prenory voddby es mj tgb frbotbst sefaejeloalb. Ej bvbry prmcdbn mj tgb prenory voddby loa cb

smdvbi, sm tmm loa bvbry prmcdbn mj tgb sblmaiory voddby. Ygbsb twm voddbys no`b mr smdvb odd tgb

prmcdbns mj doai0 tgbrbjmrb, bvbry nohmr doai prmcdbn loa cb opprmolgbi oai smdvbi os o sbrebs mj

snodd ofreludturod prmcdbns.

Ej o judd @bydeab ibvbdmpnbat oai noaofbnbat pdoa wbrb oppdebi ma odd tgb jorn oai frozeafdoais wetgea o lotlgnbat orbo wgbrb tgb ldenotel lmaietemas orb mj tgb fbabrod Oustrodeoa pottbra,

tgba oay jmrnbr irmufgt mr jdmmi prmcdbn mj tgot orbo wmudi iesoppbor. Et wmudi odsm wepb mut tgb

ioafbr mj o nohmr jerb gozori.

Oay nohmr jdmmi ioafbr es lopocdb mj cbeaf smdvbi ej tgbrb es sujjelebat wedd tm im tgb hmc, lmupdbi

wetg tgb ablbssory jeaoalb, docmur oai notbreods0 cut am smdutema, cosbi ma jdmmi ionofb os tgb

prmcdbn, wedd poy. Ygb lmst wedd fbabroddy cb frbotbr tgoa tgb ollunudotbi jdmmi ionofbs mj o

lbatury oai nmrb. Ygb rbod prmcdbn ea mur Oustrodeoa lmaietemas es amt jdmmi ionofb, cut tgb sgbbr

wostb mj voduocdb wotbr.

Vgba tges joltmr es ollbptbi os tgb prmcdbn, wb ennbieotbdy nmvb tgb dmlotema mj mur wmr` tm tgbprenory oai sblmaiory voddbys mj mur jorns, frozeaf prmpbrtebs oai jmrbst orbos. Gbrb, wotbr stmrofb


23/307

strulturbs loa fbabroddy prmveib dmw-lmst stmrofb. Gbrb, mady, loa tgb frbotbst prmjet oai doai

oivoatofb cb sblurbi jrmn tgb stmrbi wotbr. Gbrb, tmm, es tgb doai cbdmw tgb gefgwotbr dbvbd mj tgb

stmrofb, amt wostb doai. Cut os wbdd os tgb vost surjolb wotbr stmrofb pmtbateod mj tgbsb ions tgbrb es

tgb frbot pmtbateod mj bxtro lopolety mj tgb smed oai doai etsbdj. Ej jorneaf tblgaequbs orb jmddmwbi

wgelg baocdb odd tgb doai tm ocsmrc sujjelebat bxtro wotbr jrmn bolg roeajodd mady jmr tgb

ibvbdmpnbat mj tgb smed etsbdj, tgb ealrbosbi lopolety wmudi cb nmrb tgoa odd tgb gufb stmrofbs mjtgb cef prmhblts. Et wmudi, jurtgbrnmrb, cb tgb lgbopbst oai tgb nmst prmjetocdb stmrofb.

\m tgb smed trbotnbat tblgaequbs mj tgb @bydeab pdoa, ealduieaf nbtgmis mj ludtevotema, govb hust

tges bjjblt ma smed, aonbdy, mj stmreaf oai gmdieaf ea tgb smed ealrbosbi wotbr jmr wgba oai wgbrb et

es abbibi.

Ofoea, ej @bydeab wos eastetutbi os o aotemaod ibvbdmpnbat prmfronnb jmr odd ofreludturb oai

oppdebi os et jets tgb doai sgopb oai ldenotb mj bolg jorn, et wmudi govb o prmjmuai bjjblt ma mur

nohmr iesoivoatofb--tgb dol` mj wotbr.

Ygb jdmmi wotbrs jrmn prmdmafbi gbovy roeas, wgelg amw fm tm sbo wetgea o jbw ioys, wmudi steddcb ea tgb smed oai ea tgb jorn ions nmatgs dotbr. \mnb mj tgb wotbr wmudi rbnoea tgbrb jmr o ybor

oai nmrb. Iureaf tges tenb tgb ealrbosbi smed nmesturb wmudi cb jbbieaf frmuai wotbr suppdebs

wgelg jdmw os spreafs tm jbbi tgb lrbb`s oai revbrs. Ygbrbjmrb, revbr jdmw wmudi cb nmrb lmastoat.

Ygba tgb lmateaumus cut sdmw sbbpofbs jrmn jorn ions wmudi cb oiieaf tm tgbsb uaibrfrmuai

suppdebs. Yges wotbr wmudi cb ldboa oai ldbor, os wbdd os lmastoat. Ygb prbsbat ollbdbrotbi sedteaf up

mj revbrs wmudi jerst lbosb oai tgb lmastoat jdmw mj sedt-jrbb wotbr wmudi spbbiedy rbfbabrotb tgbn.

Ygbrb orb wmaibrjud tgeafs goppbaeaf ea ofreludturod slebalb oai rbsborlg, cut tgbrb es os ybt am

Fmvbranbat pdoa mj mvbrodd ibvbdmpnbat, amr eaibbi es tgbrb ea prevotb batbrpresb. Ygbrb es tmm cef o

fop cbtwbba tgb rbsudts mj rbsborlg oai tgb proltelb ma tgb jorn.

Ej sex jornbrs mr sex ofreludturod slebatests wbrb tm pdoa tgb ofreludturod ibvbdmpnbat jmr tgb sonb

batbrpresb mj ?,;;; olrbs mj uaibvbdmpbi doai, et es lbrtoea tgot sex iejjbrbat pdoas wmudi bnbrfb.

Ygby odd wmudi govb iejjbreaf .eibos ma sucievesema, gmusb setbs, trbbs, wotbr lmasbrvotema, smed

trbotnbat oai posturb noaofbnbat. Ofoea, ej tgb sonb sex nba, wetg tgb bxpbrebalb mj goveaf

ibvbdmpbi sulg o prmpbrty malb, lmudi cb fevba tgb sonb hmc ofoea, am imuct tgbrb wmudi cb o

jurtgbr sex pdoas. Cut ej sulg oa orbo wos goaibi mvbr tm sex lmnpbtbat @bydeab jornbrs tgby wmudi

eaibpbaibatdy dmm` ot tgb doai ea tgb sonb noaabr, govb tgb sonb opprbleotema mj doai sgopb oai

ldenotb, tgb sonb `amwdbifb mj tgb vodub mj trbbs ea rbdotema tm doai sgopb, oai tgb sonb eibos ma

wotbr. Ygb sbporotb pdoa tgot bolg wmudi prmiulb wmudi cb eibatelod. Jurtgbr, ej tgby wbrb tm im tgb

hmc ofoea ojtbr tgb bxpbrebalb mj goveaf imab et malb, tgb pottbra oai tgb ibvbdmpnbat wmudi cblmastoat.

* * *

Vgot gos strul` nb mvbr tgb dost jbw ybors es tgb ibbp-rmmtbi pbssenesn mj nmst pbmpdb rbforieaf

smed. Bvba wgba tgby bxoneab mur ibbp jbrtedb smed ma o geddseib wgelg tgby goi sbba prbvemusdy os

sucsmed mr bvba ybddmw sgodb, tgby orb stedd opt tm iesluss ofreludturb sgmrtdy ojtbrworis ea sulg o

woy os tm eaielotb tgot tgby govb amt rboddy ollbptbi tgb jolt tgot sulg pmmr notbreod loa cb lgoafbi

quel`dy eatm relg smed. Ygby govb sbba et, tgby govb iuf tgber goais eatm et, tgby govb ollbptbi et ma

oa eatbddbltuod dbvbd, cut tgby orb stedd cmuai cy tgb imfno mj mrtgmimx ofreludturb.


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Os @bydeab es cosbi ma ldenotb, ma doai sgopb oai ma tges porteludor tgbmry mj smed ibvbdmpnbat,

tgb ibtoeds mj tgb pdoaaeaf oai tgb ibvbdmpnbat tblgaequbs mj @bydeab wedd cb prblbibi cy o

ieslussema ma smed.


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LGO[YBS EEE

\med, ets Dejb oai ets Ldenotb

\MED es tgb jedn mj dejb wgelg lmvbrs nulg mj tgb doai surjolb mj tges pdoabt Bortg. Et es sm tgea

tgot o defgt lmot mj poeat ma o dorfb-slodb nmibd mj tgb bortg wmudi cb nulg tmm tgel` tm rbprbsbat tm

slodb tgb tgelàbss mj tgb smed. Cut et es tgb gmnb mj odd bortgdy dejb oai tgb frbot row notbreod mj

ofreludturb. Vb wedd abvbr àmw odd tgbrb es tm cb àmwa ocmut smeds, cut ej o jornbr uaibrstoais oai

gos o jbbdeaf jmr smed dejb, gb loa noaofb ges smed hust os wbdd os ej gb goi odd tgb ollunudotbi

àmwdbifb mj odd tgb slebatests wgm orb lmalbrabi wetg smed oai smed dejb.

\med es lmnpmsbi mj rml` jrofnbats mj bvbry sezb oai vorebty, rbprbsbateaf odd mr abordy odd tgbneabrods mj tgb bortg's lrust, tmfbtgbr wetg oa eajeaetb vorebty mj lgbnelod oai mrfoael lmnpmuais

noib up mj ets rml` porteldbs, dequeis oai fosbs, odd rboltbi ma cy tgb dejb tgot devbs oai iebs ea tgb

smed oai ma tgb surjolb mj tgb smed.

Sml` es crm`ba imwa cy odd tgb ofbalebs mj ldenotb, suadefgt oai gbot, jrbbzeaf oai tgoweaf, weai

oai roea, oai cy fosbs os ea tgb mxeiesotema prmlbss, cut tgb ieseatbfrotbi notbreod es amt smed uated et

es eavoibi cy dejb0 uated pdoat dejb frmws ea et oai oaenod dejb devbs ma et, oai uated smed dejb ibvbdmps

oai devbs oai iebs ea et oai tgus jmrns port mj tgb bortg etsbdj. Malb smed gos stortbi tm jmrn, tgb

frbotbst eajdubalbs ma ets udtenotb ibvbdmpnbat orb odwoys tgmsb joltmrs tgot nmst eajdubalb tgbsb

dejb jmrlbs mj tgb smed. Ygb gefgbr tgb dejb jmrlbs wetgea tgb smed, tgb frbotbr es tgb jbrtedety mj tgb smed,oai tgb noxenun ibvbdmpnbat tgot oay jmrn mj dejb noy ottoea ibpbais ma ets deveaf lmaietemas oai

ets jmmi suppdy. Yges trutg, tgbrbjmrb, es mj vetod enpmrtoalb ea tgb noaofbnbat mj smed.

Nmaunbatod bxonpdbs mj tges aoturod dow loa cb sbba ea fbmdmfy0 jmr bxonpdb, tm nbatema mady

twm losbs, ea tgb gufb denbstmab ibpmsets jmrnbi jrmn tgb s`bdbtmas mj o prbgestmrel dejb tgot

ibvbdmpbi ropeidy ea o jovmurocdb bavermanbat0 oai ea tgb bxtbasevb lmod ibpmsets jmuai ea noay

ports mj tgb wmrdi wgelg rbprbsbat oa oalebat vbfbtocdb dejb tgot jdmuresgbi ea o suetocdb ldenotb oai

wos amuresgbi cy o lmastoat jmmi suppdy.

\med gos o ldenotb mj ets mwa. Et es lmnpmsbi mj tgb tgrbb joltmrs, nmesturb, worntg, oai oer ea

lmnceaotema. Fmmi smed ldenotb prmiulbs tgb cbst ea posturbs oai lrmps. Ygb aoturod smed ldenotb esibpbaibat ma tgb bjjblt mj fbabrod ldenotb ma tgb cosel fbmdmfelod no`bup mj tgb smed. Ldenotb es o

imneaoteaf eajdubalb ea ofreludturb os wbdd os ma smed quodety.

\med es amt, tgba, smnbtgeaf tgot es iboi. Et es tbbneaf wetg o frbot vorebty mj dejb jmrns roafeaf ea

sezb jrmn tgb sucnelrmslmpel verusbs, tgrmufg coltbreo, nelrmcbs, juafe, tm tgb lmdmssus mj tgb

voremus spblebs mj bortgwmrns. O nbrb goaijud mj worn, nmest, jbrtedb smed lmatoeas o dejb

pmpudotema tgot es ostrmamnelod. \mnb mj tgb spblebs mj smed dejb nudtepdy ot joatostel rotbs wgba

lmaietemas orb suetocdb. \mnb spblebs wgelg ealrbosb cy tgb noturb eaieveiuod ieveieaf tm jmrn twm,

nudtepdy sm ropeidy tgot ej mab seafdb lbdd lmudi lmalbevocdy govb oa eabxgoustecdb jmmi suppdy ea

fmmi deveaf lmaietemas et wmudi ealrbosb tm o noss tgb sezb mj tgb bortg ea o wbb` mr sm. Noay

josleaoteaf bxonpdbs mj tgb ropei rotb mj ibvbdmpnbat mj voremus spblebs mj smed dejb orb lmatoeabi eacmm`s ma smed nelrmcemdmfy.


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Miidy bamufg, odtgmufg noay iesteafuesgbi smed slebatests govb mcsbrvbi tgbsb pgbamnbao oai

lmnnbatbi ma tgbn, amab mj tgbn sbbn tm govb noib tgb aoturod eajbrbalb, aonbdy, tgot smed

ibvbdmpnbat uaibr mptenun lmaietemas loa cb vbry ropei eaibbi.

Hust ocmut bvbrytgeaf es jmmi jmr smnb jmrn mj tges smed dejb. \mnb devb ma mtgbrs. Noay orb

ibpbaibat ma mrfoael nottbr oai smnb crbo` imwa neabrod bdbnbats jmr tgber jmmi. Ygb prmlbssbsmj deveaf oai iyeaf jmrn o vorebty mj fosbs, oleis oai lmnpmuais. Neabrods orb oltbi ma oai odtbrbi

tm jmrns suetocdb jmr pdoat autretema.

Sbprbsbatbi wetgea tgb smed es prmcocdy bvbry joltmr mj gbodtg oai iesbosb mj pdoat, oaenod oai

gunoas. Yges jolt, smnbwgot ldmuibi cy nofel, wos opprbleotbi eastealtevbdy cy prenetevb noa,

oai wos ealmrpmrotbi ea tgb pottbra mj trecod retbs oai lurbs. Levedesbi noa jmr o dmaf tenb jmrfmt et,

cut tges smed gbodtg joltmr gos foeabi o abw sefaejeloalb ea rblbat ybors tgrmufg tgb ibvbdmpnbat mj

tgb oatecemtels--odd lmastetubats mj jbrtedb smeds. Amwoioys noay mj tgb lgbnelod prmlbssbs mj tgb smed

orb rbfudotbi oai rbprmiulbi ea tgb docmrotmrebs ea nbieleab, lgbnestry oai eaiustry.

O weib vorebty mj smnb mj tgb spblebs mj smed dejb sbbns tm govb o lmuatbrport ea tgb fdoais, mrfoasoai sblrbtemas mj odd oaenod dejb.

Vgedb tgbrb orb prmlbssbs wetgea tgb smed tgot noy cb ibtrenbatod tm lrmps oai oaenods oai

gunoas, tgbrb es odwoys o gbovy codoalb jovmureaf tgb gbodtgjud autretema mj frossbs, lrmps, oaenods

oai gunoas ea odd rboddy jbrtedb smeds. Ygbsb cbabjeleod mr cbabvmdbat joltmrs mpbrotb ot tgber cbst

wgba tgb lmaietemas mj nmesturb, worntg oai oer orb nmst suetocdb jmr tgb mptenun prmiultema mj

tgb cbst posturbs.

\med es iyaonel oai lmnpdbtb, jmrneaf oai prmiuleaf ets mwa jmmi suppdy. Ea o fmmi smed tgb

lmateaumus prmiultema mj vbfbtocdb nottbr, porteludordy tgb abwdy iboi rmmts mj posturb frossbs,

suppdy tgb jmrlb jmr ets lmateaueaf prmlbssbs.

Fmmi jbrtedb aoturod smed wos noib mr ibvbdmpbi ea o suetocdb ldenotb cy pdoats frmweaf ea tgb

smed, cy oaenods oai ceris jbbieaf ma tgb frmwtg jrmn tgb smed, oai cy tgb lmnpdbx mj smed dejb deveaf

ea tgb smed oai prmlbsseaf tgb ablbssory autrebats mj pdoat frmwtg. Ygbsb sonb prmlbssbs ibslrecb

mur ofreludturod pursuets. Ygbrbjmrb, smed lmatrmddbi cy tgb jornbr oai frozebr sgmudi ropeidy

ealrbosb ea jbrtedety oai amt ibtbremrotb os sm nulg smed gos cbba imeaf jmr sm dmaf.

Ygb ibvbdmpnbat mj smed es frbotdy eajdubalbi cy ldenotb. Ea tgb post, ea ny mpeaema, aoturod smed

quel`dy rbolgbi ets mptenun ibvbdmpnbat. Et wmudi tgba prmcocdy govb noeatoeabi tgot porteludor

jbrtedety stofb, mady jdultuoteaf sdefgtdy ollmrieaf tm tgb voryeaf ldenotbs jrmn ybor tm ybor. Et wmudigovb rbolgbi o stotb mj codoalb wetg odd tgb joltmrs tgot ojjblt et, oai rbnoea rbdotevbdy stocdb.

Yges eibo lmajdelts wetg tgb fbabrod enprbssema tgot smed to`bs frbot ofbs tm jmrn. \mnb rml`s, et es

trub, iblmnpmsb vbry sdmwdy, cut tgb jmrnotema mj tgb devb smed jrmn rml` porteldbs loa cb vbry ropei

ea o fmmi bavermanbat.

Ygb stuiy mj smed dejb oai odd tgb smed-dejb prmlbssbs es lmvbrbi ea smed cemdmfy, oai porteludordy smed

nelrmcemdmfy. Ygbrb es prmcocdy o dmt nmrb tm cb dborabi ocmut tgbsb voremus prmlbssbs mj tgb smed

dejb tgoa wb ybt `amw. Cut prmveibi et es rbodesbi tgot tm ealrbosb tgb quoatetebs mj vbfbtocdb nottbr

ea oa bavermanbat tgot suppdebs tgb cbst lmaietemas mj nmesturb, worntg oai oer jmr smed dejb, es tgb

mutstoaieaf woy tm ollbdbrotb tgb iyaonels mj tges dejb, tgba tgb doainoa gos tgb cosel `amwdbifbtm frbotdy enprmvb oai ealrbosb tgb jbrtedety mj ges smed. Oa enprmvbi smed ldenotb etsbdj olts tm


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prmiulb frbotbr quoatetebs mj suetocdb mrfoael nottbr oai bspbleoddy jrmn tgb voduocdb rmmt systbns

mj posturbs.

Sbfemaoddy, wbotgbr sbts tgb lmursb jmr tgb fbabrod ofreludturod pottbra. Ofreludturb es ibpbaibat

ma smed, oai smed es dorfbdy ibpbaibat ma tgb ldenotb tgot ojjblts et.

[brjblt ofreludturod wbotgbr mr ldenotb, ej et wbrb pmssecdb oaywgbrb, wmudi smma prmiulb pbrjblt

ofreludturod smed. Oay smed, ldborbi mj ets uawoatbi frmwtg mj slruc oai trbbs oai pdoatbi tm tgb cbst

spblebs mj frossbs oai ldmvbrs wmudi odsm ropeidy ealrbosb ea ibptg oai jbrtedety. Ej tgb bjjblt mj

ldenotb ma smed es juddy uaibrstmmi, E cbdebvb wb govb o cosel àmwdbifb tgot wedd baocdb us tm

ealrbosb tgb jbrtedety oai prmiultevety mj oay aoturod smed. Vb govb o àmwdbifb tgot wedd oddmw us tm

ealrbosb tgb jbrtedety mj smed jor cbymai tgot wgelg wos prmiulbi ea aoturb0 cut wb abbi o abw smed

tblgamdmfy cosbi ma tges àmwdbifb.

E on wbdd oworb mj tgb eajdubalb mj rml`s oai tgber neabrod porteldbs ma tgb ibvbdmpnbat mj smed.

\mnb rml` typbs, jmr bxonpdb tgb cosodts wgelg crbo` imwa ropeidy oai rbdbosb tgb bssbateod

neabrod bdbnbats mj jbrtedety, wedd quel`dy prmiulb o jbrtedb mr ot dbost o prmiultevb smed ea ldenotellmaietemas tgot wmudi amt prmiulb o senedor stofb mj jbrtedety ea oamtgbr typb mj rml`. Ygbrb gos

odwoys cbba o weib roafb ea tgb jbrtedety mj aoturod smed prmiulbi uaibr eibatelod ldenotel lmaietemas

mvbr o roafb mj voryeaf rml` typbs. \mnb rml`s govb cbba rbjmrnbi ofoea ojtbr crboìmwa jrmn

mrefeaod rml`s oai tgb iespmsetema mj, amt mady tgber neabrod bdbnbats, cut odsm tgb pdoat ovoedocedety

mj tgbsb bdbnbats, govb cbba weibdy lgoafbi. \mnb rml`s wedd prmiulb o lmnpdbtb smed wetg mady

mab ealg mj iblmnpmsetema jrmn tgb gori rml`0 mtgbr rml`s wedd abbi nulg ibbpbr iblmnpmsetema tm

suppdy odd tgb neabrod bdbnbats mj jbrtedety. Froaetbs, opporbatdy eibatelod, noy iejjbr weibdy ea

jbrtedety wetg mady nmibrotb voreotemas ea tgber fbabrod ldenotel eajdubalb.

\med ma bortgs jmrnbi cy weai ibpmsets noy prmiulb noxenun prmiultevbabss jrmn neaenun

ldenotel eajdubalb. Ma tgb mtgbr goai, jmrnbr fmmi smed loa ibtbremrotb eatm pmmr smed cy o lgoafbi

ldenotb tgot noy lousb tgb dbolgeaf imwa mj o porteludor ablbssory bdbnbat. Ldboreaf oai

ludtevoteaf govb jerst mj odd noib woy jmr fmmi fross oai fmmi lrmps. Ygba, odnmst ironoteloddy ot

tenbs, tgb doai sbbns tm lmddopsb oai wedd amt frmw o lrmp mr jbbi o sgbbp. Ygb lgoafbi

bavermanbat gos lousbi o dmss tm tgb smed mj o ablbssory neabrod bdbnbat rbsudteaf jrmn o

ibtbremrotema mj tgb smed ldenotb. Nesseaf mr uaovoedocdb neabrod bdbnbats mj jbrtedety wedd abvbr cb

vbry jor owoy, cut uadbss tgby orb wetgea tgb zmab mj pdoat rmmts tgby orb amt o port mj tgb smed.

O suetocdb ldenotel lgoafb lmudi ropeidy enprmvb o smed oai creaf wetgea roafb jmrnbrdy nesseaf

bdbnbats mj jbrtedety.

Iesrbforieaf jmr tgb nmnbat tgb bxpbrenbats cbeaf lmaiultbi cy mur Lmnnmawbodtg \lebatejel

oai Eaiustreod Sbsborlg Mrfoaesotema (L\ESM) tm prmiulb roea, tgbrb es dettdb wb loa im tm enprmvb

ldenotb. Cut os tgb lretelod joltmr es smed ldenotb, orb tgbrb woys oai nboas mj noaofeaf smed oai

doai tm enprmvb tgb bjjblt tgot tgb fbabrod ldenotb gos ma smed ldenotb=

Et es nmst lmaldusevb tgot smnb typbs mj smed trbotnbat oai doai noaofbnbat im ibtbremrotb tgb

cbabjeleod ldenotel bjjblt ma smed ldenotb. Ygb bveibalb es tgbrb ea o ibtbremrotbi oai brmieaf

doaislopb. Cbjmrb wgot es loddbi smed brmsema gos ets bjjblt ma smeds tgot wbrb mrefeaoddy mj bvba

nmibrotb jbrtedety, oamtgbr vbry sbremus jmrn mj brmsema tmm` pdolb. Yges es jbrtedety brmsema, wgelg es

o prb-smed brmsema, oai povbi tgb woy tm nohmr smed dmssbs. Et es lousbi cy o lgoafb jmr tgb wmrsb ea

tgb smed's ldenotb, oai tgb veddoea gbrb es noa.


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Vgedb tgbrb orb aunbrmus woys mj wmrsbaeaf tgb smed ldenotb tm rbiulb tgb jbrtedety mj smed, oai wb

govb am imuct bnpdmybi tgbn odd, tgbrb orb, ea ny mpeaema, os noay woys mj enprmveaf tgb smed

ldenotb oai ealrboseaf smed jbrtedety.

Fmmi deveaf lmaietemas oai pdbaty mj smed-dejb jmmi prmiulb o smed tgot cblmnbs ealrboseafdy nmrb

jbrtedb. [brjblt deveaf lmaietemas, mr wgot onmuats tm tgb sonb tgeaf, pbrjblt smed ldenotb, abvbrbxests oai prmcocdy loaamt bxest lmateaumusdy, cut noy cb o prbsbat joltmr jmr sgmrt mr dmafbr

pbremis malb mr nmrb bolg ybor, ollmrieaf tm tgb porteludor fbabrod ldenotb. Iureaf tgb tenb tgot

fmmi smed ldenotb bxtbais tm tgb denet mj tgb jmmi zmab, tgb smed-dejb lmnnuaetebs ibvbdmp vbry

ropeidy tm ldenoxbs. Ygb ldenox pbremi ea tgbsb lmaietemas es denetbi mady cy tgb ovoedocdb jmmi

suppdy.

Os tgb voremus smed-dejb lmnnuaetebs jbbi ma bolg mtgbr, tgbrb gos tm cb o lmateaumus abw smurlb

mj jmmi tm codoalb tgb wgmdb blmdmfy oai cemdmfy mj smed. Yges lmateaumus abw smurlb mj jmmi es

smnb jmrn mj vbfbtocdb nottbr. Odd jmrns mj vbfbtocdb dejb cblmnb port mj smed cy tgbsb prmlbssbs,

oai, E cbdebvb, tgot tgb frbotbst smurlb mj cbst pmssecdb jmmi suppdy es lmatoeabi ea tgb abwdy iboi

rmmts mj tgb cbst ldmvbrs oai frossbs uaibr o fmmi posturb ma wgelg o vorebty mj frozeaf oaenodsgovb jbi.

[brjblt smed lmaietemas mr smed ldenotb eavmdvb o smed lmaietema ea wgelg tgbrb es onpdb nmesturb

cut amt lmnpdbtb soturotema, o ibfrbb mj worntg tgot suets nmst mj tgb dejb jmrns, pdus sujjelebat oer

jmr tgb dejb tgot abbis et cut amt bamufg tm iessepotb mvbrnulg worntg oai nmesturb. Ygbsb

lmaietemas prmiulb tgb ldenoxbs mj smed dejb. Ym govb noxenun cbabjet tgby mcvemusdy nust bxtbai

tm ot dbost tgb ibptg mj tgb nohmr rmmt zmab mj o posturb.

Ej tgbsb mptenun lmaietemas loa cb eaiulbi ea tgb smed, bvba tgb rblmfaesbi pmmrbst mj smed, malb

bolg ybor jmr tgrbb ybors, os ea @bydeab, tgba tgbsb pmmr smeds, mr oay smed, loa cb enprmvbi tm

smnbtgeaf cbymai tgot wgelg tgb aoturod ldenotb prmiulbi. Jurtgbr, malb tgb frbotdy ealrbosbi smed

jbrtedety gos cbba prmiulbi oai noeatoeabi jmr tgrbb ybors et gos tgb ocedety wetgea etsbdj tm enprmvb

ets quodety oai ibptg wetgmut jurtgbr trbotnbat. Hust gmw jor mr jmr gmw dmaf tges sbdj-lmatoeabi

enprmvbnbat wedd lmateaub E govb am woy mj `amweaf, cut E on quetb lbrtoea tgot tgb lmrrblt oaswbr

wedd rbvbrsb tgb prbsbat cbdebjs oai tgot et to`bs nulg dbss tenb jmr noa tm cuedi o cmuatbmus jbrtedety

eatm ges smed tgoa et imbs jmr gen tm rbiulb, ibtbremrotb oai ruea tgot jbrtedety.

Ygb proltelbs oai ofreludturod nbtgmis tgot ibtbremrotb smed ldenotb oai rbiulb smed jbrtedety noy

to`b noay ybors tm prmiulb o amtelbocdy gornjud bjjblt ma fmmi smed, cut mady o jbw sbosmas tm

ibstrmy tgb dmw jbrtedety mj o pmmr smed.

Odtbrbi proltelbs tgot enprmvb smed ldenotb oai jbrtedety loa lrbotb, cblousb mj tgb joatosteloddy

ropei rbspmasb mj smed dejb tm cbttbr lmaietemas oai jmmi suppdy, o gefgdy jbrtedb smed ea o jbw sgmrt

ybors0 oai et wedd odwoys rbquerb o nulg dmafbr tenb tm ibstrmy tges jbrtedety tgoa et abbi to`b tm cuedi

et.

[brgops tgb nmst ironotel bveibalb tgot tgbrb orb noay tgeafs wrmaf ea mur ofreludturb es tgb

bjjblt tgot et gos prmiulbi ma tgb doai ea bvbr-ealrboseaf smed brmsema. E rbfori smed brmsema os tgb

pbrjbltdy aoturod rboltema mj doai tm lgoafb ets sgopb ea `bbpeaf wetg lgoafeaf lmaietemas mj

bavermanbat. Cut tgb stocdb sgopb mj doai, wetg ets lmvbr mj smed, cbjmrb et es crmufgt eatm tgb

lotbfmry mj ofreludturod doai, rbprbsbats o codoalb mj odd tgb lmaietemas tgot ojjblt et. Ej o smed tgot

suppmrts pdoat dejb oai oaenod dejb gos cbba prmiulbi aoturoddy, tgba tgot smed es ea codoalb wetg oddtgb lmaietemas tgot jmrnbi et oai orb lmateaueaf tm olt ma et.


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Ygb joltmrs tgot govb ojjbltbi oai prmiulbi aoturod doai sgopb orb vbry aunbrmus, cut tgmsb mj ets

cosel fbmdmfy oai ldenotb orb am imuct tgb imneaoteaf mabs, sealb tgby prmiulb mr eajdubalb odd tgb

mtgbr joltmrs tgot ojjblt doai sgopb oai smed ldoss.

Ygb jboturbs mj doai tgot no`b et suetocdb jmr ofreludturb orb ets smed lmvbrofb oai ets stocdb

rmuaibi mr snmmtg jmrn. Ygbsb jmrns noy roafb jrmn dorfb oai dmw, os ea mur jdottbr doai, tm snoddoai gefg, os ea mur stbbpdy uaiudoteaf gedds oai tm odd sgopbs cbtwbba. Zoddby oai gedds orb mj o

rmuaibi snmmtg jmrn.

Ym prmiulb tgb cbst ofreludturod sgopb oai tgb ibbpbst lmvbr mj smed rbquerbs o ldenotb, amt mady

ofreludturoddy suetocdb cut mab tgot gos cbba mpbroteaf jmr o dmaf pbremi mj tenb mvbr stocdb

fbmdmfelod lmaietemas. Ygb ibbpbr relg smeds jmrnbi oai sgopbi uaibr jovmurocdb ldenotel

lmaietemas orb vbry stocdb. Jbrtedb smed gos wetgea etsbdj lopoletebs tgot rbsest lgoafb, mr, os et es

loddbi, smed brmsema.

Vgba tgbsb aoturod smeds oai tgber doai sgopbs orb crmufgt uaibr ofreludturb noay lmaietemas noy

cb odtbrbi oai prmiulb o dol` mj tgb jmrnbr codoalb. Ygb smed wedd bvbatuoddy lgoafb oai tgb doairbsgopb etsbdj tm o abw codoalb wetg tgb abw lmaietemas ojjblteaf et. (\bb [eltmreod \bltema.)

Jbrtedb smed rbsests lgoafb mr brmsema, cut lgoafbi lmaietemas noy rbiulb oai ibstrmy jbrtedety, oai

tgba rbsgopeaf mj tgb doai jmrn to`bs pdolb. Yges es noa-noib smed brmsema.

Jmr eddustrotema, wb loa to`b tgb bxtrbnbs mj twm ldossbs mj smed, cmtg ea o senedor aoturod

uaiudoteaf doaislopb, mab gefgdy jbrtedb smed, tgb mtgbr o vbry pmmr smed, oai lmaseibr tgb lgoafbi

lmaietemas tgot ojjblt tgbn wgba tgby orb lmavbrtbi tm ofreludturb.

Rsuoddy, tgb jerst tgeaf tm goppba es tgot tgb doai es survbybi oai lut up eatm gmdieafs mr cdml`s

wetg stroefgt deab cmuaiorebs wgelg wedd cb jbalbi. Ygb jbalbs lrmss gedds, reifbs, snodd oai dorfb

voddbys, wotbrlmursbs oai lrbb`s wetg dettdb rbfori tm aoturod doai ievesemas. Yrovbdwoys, trol`s oai

rmois jmddmw tgb jbalb deabs oai tgb jerst odtbrbi lmaietema tgot noy ojjblt tgb doai sgopb to`bs

pdolb. Votbr jdmweaf mvbr doai gos aoturod jdmw deabs ollmrieaf tm tgb doai sgopb, oai jodds ea

lurvbi deabs tm tgb voddbys jrmn tgb gedds oai reifbs. Et jdmws os o sgbbt, dmseaf ets aoturod jdmw potg

mr pottbra ea tgb jerst ibprbssema. Smois oai trol`s lrmss tgbsb aoturod jdmw deabs oai lousb wotbr tm

lmalbatrotb bordebr oai ea abw pdolbs. Ygb vbdmlety mj wotbr nmveaf ma o geddseib es frbotdy

ealrbosbi ma o smed tgot iei amt ibvbdmp ea sulg lmaietemas oai es dbss ocdb tm suppmrt tgb jdmw

wetgmut smed nmvbnbat. Vgba tgb vbdmlety mj wotbr es imucdbi ets pmwbr tm nmvb tgeafs es,

tgbmrbteloddy, ealrbosbi cy ocmut :; tenbs, oai ea tgb lmaietemas os tgby ojjblt smed nmvbnbat ea

brmsema, cy ocmut


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Amw, malb cmuaiory jbaleaf os ocmvb es lmnpdbtbi, dorfb-slodb ldboreaf noy cb uaibrto`ba0

prbporotema noib jmr jurtgbr sucievesema oai tgb doai noib rboiy jmr pdmweaf oai pdoateaf tm lrmps

oai frossbs.

Bvbry mab mj tgbsb mpbrotemas ea mrtgmimx ofreludturb crbo`s tgb jdmw deabs mj wotbr nmvbnbat,

louseaf abw lmalbatrotema mj jdmw. Ygb vbry pmmr smeds sgmw smnb brmsema ennbieotbdy0 tgb gefgdyjbrtedb smed es lmnpdbtbdy uaojjbltbi.

Bvbry pdmw jurrmw tgot lrmssbs o voddby, bvbry vbgeldb tgot nmvbs ma tgb jorn, lrmsseaf bvba tgb

jdottbr fbatdb voddbys, crbo`s tgb aoturod jdmw deab mj rua-mjj roea wotbr oai stbbpbas ets potg tm tgb

voddby, louseaf abw oai ealrboseaf quoatetebs mj jdmw. \eib cy seib wetg tges nblgoaelod lgoafb ea

tgb lmaietemas tgot ojjblt wotbr nmvbnbat ma doai norlg mtgbrs tgot ierbltdy oai prmfrbssevbdy

lgoafb tgb smed ldenotb. Odd, mr abordy odd, tgb trbbs noy govb cbba ldborbi, oddmweaf iryeaf weais tm

govb o wmrsbaeaf bjjblt ma tgb smed, wgelg tgba imbs amt gmdi ets nmesturb sm wbdd cbtwbba roeas.

Oai tgb pbremi mj tenb tgot mptenun lmaietemas jmr smed-dejb ibvbdmpnbat oai pdoat frmwtg bxest es

dbssbabi. Ygb iyaonel jmrlbs mj tgb smed orb ot jerst sdefgtdy, cut tgba prmfrbssevbdy, rbiulbi.

Ygb pmmr smed sgmws tgb bjjblt quel`dy0 tgb gefgdy jbrtedb smed es opporbatdy uaojjbltbi. Et noy

sgmw am pmsetevb smed brmsema bjjblt jmr noay ibloibs.

Sbiuleaf tgbsb ionofeaf bjjblts, fbabrod jorneaf proltelbs noy cb enprmveaf lmaietemas ea mtgbr

woys. Ygb frmweaf mj pdoats ea tgb smed oai tgb jbbieaf mj stml` ma tgb lrmps oai posturbs orb ea

tgbnsbdvbs tgb sonb prmlbssbs tgot jmrn oai enprmvb smed. Ej tgb codoalb mj odd joltmrs fbabroddy gos

tgb bjjblt mj enprmveaf smed ldenotb, tgba tgb smed wedd enprmvb oai rbnoea stocdb.

O prmpbrty noy cb mvbrstml`bi0 lmalbatrotemas mj stml` noy jern tgb smed oai ot jerst bvba

enprmvb et. Ygba o rbod lmnpoltema noy sbt ea rbstrelteaf tgb jmrnbr ibptg tm wgelg suetocdb

obrotema bxtbaibi. Cbabjeleod smed dejb es rbstreltbi tm tgb tmp ealg mr sm mj smed. Ygb iboi rmmts mj tgb

posturb frossbs loaamt jmrn tgb cbst jmmi jmr tgb nmst cbabjeleod smed dejb, cblousb tges dejb loaamt

devb wetgmut oer. Ygb jbrtedety joltmr mj tgb iboi rmmt es dorfbdy wostbi, tgb lurrbat jmrnotema mj abw

prmiults es dbssbabi oai tgb smed es tgba ibtbremroteaf cy jbrtedety brmsema. Dbss, nmesturb es ocsmrcbi

ea tgb smed, nmrb wotbr ruas mjj wetg ealrboseaf vbdmletebs, lorryeaf smed wetg et. Oport jrmn tgb

brmsema wgelg es lousbi smdbdy cy tgb ortejeleod lmalbatrotema mj wotbr jdmw, jbrtedb smed nust odwoys

sujjbr tges jbrtedety brmsema cbjmrb weibsprboi smed brmsema loa tmulg et.

Lmalbatrotbi wotbr jdmw wedd nmvb odnmst oaytgeaf, cut jbrtedb smed loa cb pdmwbi coidy, up oai

imwa gedd, oai bvbrytgeaf wrmaf loa cb pbrpbtrotbi ma et, cut et stedd wedd cb dettdb ojjbltbi cy smed

brmsema uated tgb trbotnbat gos rbiulbi ets jbrtedety, rbiulbi irosteloddy ets dejb oai tgb lurrbatjmrnotema mj abw jmmi mr gunus. Ygb jmrlbs tboreaf imwa ets jbrtedb strulturb nust cb frbotbr tgoa

tgb jmrlbs cuedieaf tgbn cbjmrb smed brmsema loa ojjblt et.

\mnb smeds tgot jornbrs noy cbdebvb orb vbry jbrtedb brmib coidy. Cut odwoys sulg smeds govb dmst

tgber jmrnbr pmwbr tm prmiulb ybor cy ybor abw mr lurrbat gunus. Onmaf tgb noay prmiults mj

jrbsg gunus es tgb fun-de`b sucstoalb wgelg jmrns tgb lrunc strulturb mj jbrtedb smed oai rbsests

nmvbnbat. Ygb fmmi lrmps wgelg tgby noy stedd prmiulb ea fmmi sbosmas, oai tgb sbosmas ojjblt

tgbn nmrb oai nmrb, lmnb jrmn rboiedy ovoedocdb neabrods eagbrbat ea tgb mrefeaod rml` mr

prmiulbi ea tgb post cy tgb smed's jmrnbr cemdmfelod jbrtedety.

Doai wgelg malb lorrebi smnb mj tgb nmst jbrtedb smed ma bortg es amw iesteafuesgbi cy ets feoatbrmsema fuddebs. Et tmm` ibloibs mj pdmweaf, coi pdmweaf oai lrmppeaf mr wrmaf noaofbnbat, tm


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stort tgb sbremus brmsema. Noay mj tgb ludtevoteaf enpdbnbats mj ofreludturb orb lmaibnabi cy tgb

tbrrecdb doai ibstrultema tgot jmddmwbi tgber usb, jmr bxonpdb tgb nmudicmori pdmw ea tgb frbot lmra

cbdts mj, Amrtg Onbrelo, tgb ies` pdmw ea tgb irebr wgbot orbos mj Onbrelo, Oustrodeo oai Ojrelo. Et

wmudi, gmwbvbr, cb hust os dmfelod tm cdonb tgb ibstrultema mj doai ma o nmst pmpudor troltmr

cblousb et puddbi tgb pdmw, ibstrmyeaf doai nulg nmrb quel`dy, os tm cdonb tges typb mj brmsema

baterbdy ma tgb enpdbnbats. Ygb joedurb mj ofreludturod biulotema mr tgb fbabrod ottetuib mj smnbbordy jornbrs tm tgb doai, tgb nesto`ba cbdebj tgot bxpdmetotevb jorneaf wos fmmi jorneaf, tgb dol`

mj jorneaf bxpbrebalb oai `amwdbifb cy tgb bordy sbttdbrs, tgb joedurb tm oihust tgb cbst ea Burmpboa

jorneaf nbtgmis tm tgb abw lmaietemas mj tgb abw doais, tgb lgbopabss oai ocuaioalb mj fmmi

doai, tgb tgmufgtdbss oai lorbdbss rusg tm prmiulb jmr o prmjetocdb oai bxpoaieaf nor`bt--odd tgbsb

joltmrs orb lousbs mj tgb brmsema prmcdbns mj smed tgot wmrry tgb aotema oai mtgbr aotemas tmioy.

Ludtevotema bquepnbat, tm cb bjjbltevb, gos tm prmiulb o nblgoaelod lmaietema ea tgb smed tgot

pbrnets lrmps tm cb pdoatbi, lmatrmds uawoatbi frmwtg oai oddmws tgb lrmp tm frmw, noturb oai cb

gorvbstbi.

Ludtevotema ollmrieaf tm gmw oai wgba et es imab loa bvbatuoddy ibstrmy smed jbrtedety oai stortsbremus brmsema mr stocedesb, ibvbdmp oai enprmvb smed jor cbymai ets aoturod stotb.

Lmateaumus ybor-cy-ybor ludtevotema tm oa bvba ibptg wetg mrtgmimx nmudicmori oai ies` pdmws

es de`bdy tm jmrn quel`dy o abw ortejeleod smed gmrezma tgot lgoafbs tgb smed ldenotb oai rbiulbs smed

jbrtedety. Ygb snosgeaf oai pudvbreseaf bjjblts mj noay typbs mj ludtevotema, ej lmateaubi, lgoafb tgb

smed ldenotb cy froiuoddy sbodeaf nmrb oai nmrb wetg tgb jerst jmddmweaf roea, wgelg rbstrelts cmtg

tgb eato`b mj nmesturb oai oer. Ygb nmst ibserocdb typb mj ludtevotema ot tgb wrmaf tenb mj tgb ybor es

stedd coi. Et prmnmtbs tgb ropei dmss mj nmesturb ea sunnbr oai ma tgb defgt smeds ea weatbr rbiulbs

tgb tbnpbroturb mj tgb smed.

Ludtevotema tgot prmnmtbs tgb cbst lmaietemas mj nmesturb, worntg oai oer ea tgb smed tmfbtgbr

enprmvb smed ldenotb oai prmnmtb jbrtedety.

Oay stroefgt deab ludtevotema mr rmuai oai rmuai tgb poiiml` pdmweaf es tbaieaf tm crbo` tgb jdmw

potg mj rua-mjj roea, stbbpbaeaf ets potg oai lmalbatroteaf ets jdmw. Olteaf oai lmnpbasoteaf ofoeast

tges tgmufg, lbrtoea typbs mj ludtevotema, amtocdy lgesbddeaf oai reppeaf, noy ealrbosb tgb ocsmrptema

mj roea oai rbiulb jdmw. Ofoea, ej tgb codoalb mj tgb joltmrs enprmvbs smed ldenotb, tgb smed enprmvbs

oai ets stocedety es prbsbrvbi. Ej tgb codoalb ibtbremrotbs smed ldenotb tgb rbvbrsb es trub.

Et es amt sm bssbateod tgot smed abvbr cb trbotbi ea sulg o woy os tm ibtbremrotb ets ldenotb os et es jmr

tgb jornbr tm uaibrstoai tgb prmlbss gb es useaf, oai ets udtenotb bjjblt, ej lmateaubi, sm tgot gb loa`bbp tgb fbabrod codoalb odwoys ea jovmur mj ges smed.

\mnb smed trbotnbats mr noaofbnbat prmlbssbs wgelg wmr` ofoeast smed jbrtedety noy cb ablbssory

ot tenbs ea tgb lmursb mj jorneaf mpbrotemas, cut odwoys tgb nmrb jbrtedb tgb smed tgb cbttbr et es ocdb

tm wetgstoai ionofeaf trbotnbat jmr o tenb. Zoremus typbs mj ludtevotema orb ablbssory ea jorneaf

batbrpresbs oai noay ludtevotema prmlbssbs orb ionofeaf tm smed jbrtedety. Cut hust os surbdy, ea ny

mpeaema, ludtevoteaf prmlbssbs loa cb o frbot oei ea enprmveaf smed ldenotb oai smed jbrtedety ej tgb

jornbr uaibrstoais hust wgot gb es imeaf.

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Et sbbns tgot tgb oen nust cb tm rbibsefa bvbry nblgoaelod ofreludturod prmlbss sm tgot et gos tgb

bjjblt mj enprmveaf smed ldenotb. Ygba bvbry mtgbr usbjud ort oai slebalb mj ofreludturb oai prmpbrty

noaofbnbat wedd govb frbotbr cbabjet cblousb bolg es oppdebi mr usbi ma o jbrtedb oai enprmveaf

smed.

\med ldenotb es sm vostdy enpmrtoat cblousb, oport jrmn ets eajdubalb ma ofreludturod prmiultema, etes tgb imneaoteaf eajdubalb ma tgb ibvbdmpnbat mj tgb smed-dejb lmnnuaetebs. Yges dejb ea tura es

de`bwesb vbry enpmrtoat, cblousb ets prmiults, tgb prmiults mj ets deveaf oai iyeaf oai rbolteaf ma

tgb voremus lmnpmabats mj smed, suppdebs tgb ablbssory autrenbats jmr pdoat dejb. Et es o ablbssory port

mr prmlbss mj jbrtedb smed. Ygb nmrb iyaoneloddy odevb tgb cbttbr et es.

Ygb jornbr sgmudi àmw tgot os smed irebs mut sm tgb smed dejb iebs mut, cut wedd rbfbabrotb ofoea

ropeidy jrmn ets vetod jmrlbs oai bffs oai spmrbs wgba smed ldenotb es ofoea suetocdb. Gb sgmudi

àmw tgot lmdi smed rbiulbs tgb jmrlbs mj smed dejb tm o dmwbr bcc0 tgot nmesturb, worntg oai oer

prmiulb tgb ldenoxbs mj smed dejb0 oai, jeaoddy, tgot smed dejb jbbis ma bvbry typb mj jmmi, ealduieaf

mtgbr mrfoaesns mj smed dejb, neabrods oai mrfoael nottbr.

Vgba smed gos cbba brmibi oai odnmst lmnpdbtbdy dmst, smed dejb loa cb rbfbabrotbi ea tgb iboi

bortg cy ludtevoteaf oai smweaf fross oai ldmvbrs wetg jbrtedezbrs tm stenudotb bordy frmwtg, oai cy

tgb eatrmiultema mj stml`. \mnb spblebs mj smed dejb orb iestrecutbi cy odd ldossbs mj oaenods oai ceris

jrmn tgber runba fdoais oai mrfoas, oai tgb weibr tgb vorebty mj tgb stml` tgb nmrb lmnpdbtb oai

cbabjeleod es tgb wgmdb lmnpdbx mj smed dejb.

Bvba wetgmut opprbleoteaf mr àmweaf nulg ocmut tgb smed dejb gb loaamt sbb, tgb jornbr wedd

àmw tgot ges smed es os et sgmudi cb wgba gb loa sbb tgot et lmatoeas o dorfb oai vefmrmus pmpudotema

mj bortgwmrns.

Iureaf tgb bordy port mj ?599 ? lmnnbalbi tm ibvbdmp "Umcoraeb". E wos o wbdd-eajmrnbi oai

oribat jmddmwbr mj Onbreloa smed lmasbrvotema nbtgmis oai tgbsb tblgaequbs smma imneaotbi tgb

oppboroalb mj tgb prmpbrty. Noay bxpbrenbats wbrb lmaiultbi ma posturb oai smed enprmvbnbat,

cmtg wetg tgb strmafdy ortejeleod jbrtedesbr opprmolg mj mur mrtgmimx ofreludturb oai tgb wgmddy

mrfoael nbtgmis. Cmtg nbtgmis, wgba wb errefotbi, prmiulbi fmmi-dmmèaf posturbs, cut wb wbrb

abvbr lmaslemus mj oa bortgwmrn pmpudotema. E im amt rbnbncbr sbbeaf bortgwmrns mr tgber losts ea

tgb poiiml`s ot tgot tenb, cut am imuct tgbrb wbrb smnb prbsbat. \mnb ybors dotbr oiholbat doai wos

purlgosbi oai "Abvoddoa" wos bstocdesgbi. Ojtbr twm ybors mj @bydeab ma tges prmpbrty, wgelg wos

nulg nmrb brmibi tgoa "Umcoraeb", bortgwmrns oai tgber losts cblonb sm bveibat tgby lmudi amt

cb efamrbi. Vb lmnnbalbi tm to`b o frbot ibod mj eatbrbst ea tges rbnoròcdb pgbamnbao. Vb iuf,

lmuatbi, nbosurbi oai wbefgbi bortgwmrns.

\uiibady tgby iesoppborbi0 tgbrb wbrb am losts amr bortgwmrns tm cb sbba. Vb jmuai tgb

bortgwmrns wetg tgb oei mj o spoib, ibbp imwa ea tgb bortg.

Ymworis Amvbncbr tgby wbrb bvbrywgbrb ofoea oai tba tenbs os noay wbrb losteaf ma tgb

surjolb mj tgb frmuai. Ygby goi ofoea iesoppborbi cy Iblbncbr, cut ot tgb bai mj Norlg tgb

jmddmweaf ybor tgby wbrb ea tgber neddemas oai wbrb sbba cy smnb mj mur dorfbst portebs mj

ofreludturod slebatests os wbdd os cy nmrb oai nmrb doainba. Amw tgb bortgwmrns wbrb nulg

dorfbr. Ygbrb wbrb noay nmrb mj tgb snoddbr bortgwmrns, cut tgb dorfb mabs--wgelg wb cbdebvbi

nust cb tgb mdibr wmrns--wbrb amw mvbr jmurtbba ealgbs dmaf. Noay vesetmrs cmtg jrmn Oustrodeo

oai mvbrsbos tmdi us wb goi tgb dorfbst pmpudotema mj bortgwmrns tgby goi bvbr sbba. Mtgbr vesetmrs


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soei tgot tgby `abw mj mady mab orbo, tgb jbrtedb Aedb voddby, wgelg goi o frbotbr bortgwmrn

pmpudotema tgoa "Abvoddoa".

Gmwbvbr, tgb pmeat es amt tgb ibvbdmpnbat mj tgb bortgwmrn pmpudotema ma "Abvoddoa", wgelg

lmudi cb oamtgbr stmry, cut tgber jualtema ea tgb ibvbdmpnbat mj smed. Zesetmrs govb soei tm nb, "Mg,

ybs, tgb bortgwmrns jmddmw tgb fmmi smed", oai mtgbrs hust os pmsetevbdy, "Malb tgb bortgwmrns orbeatrmiulbi tgby no`b fmmi smed". Cut wb iei amt govb oay fmmi smed ma "Abvoddoa" wgba wb stortbi

@bydeab oai wb iei amt eatrmiulb bortgwmrns tgbrb.

E cbdebvb tgot tgb bortgwmrn es nbrbdy o port mj tgb dejb prmlbss wgelg es smed. Vgba tgb smed

ldenotb es sdefgtdy enprmvbi o jbw nmrb bortgwmrns crbbi oai stoy odevb oai oltevb o dettdb dmafbr.

Ot tgb sonb tenb, tges oppdebs tm noay mtgbr spblebs mj smed dejb wgelg, odtgmufg wb loaamt sbb

tgbn, ealrbosb ea auncbrs cy lmuatdbss neddemas ea o wbb`. Ygb neautb jmrns mj tges dejb govb o

vbry sgmrt dejb lyldb, cut tgb bortgwmrn, trudy tgb feoat mj tgb cbabjeleod smed dejb, noy devb tm o frbot

ofb. E govb amt ybt jmuai o rbdeocdb rbjbrbalb tm tgb ofb tm wgelg oa bortgwmrn noy devb, cut E govb

lmalduibi tgot tgb dorfbst mj mur "Abvoddoa" bortgwmrns nust cb up tm jmur ybors mdi amw. Ygbrb

orb dorfb auncbrs ea odd sezbs (oai sezb noy cb o rbdeocdb eaielotema mj ofb), up tm jmurtbba ealgbsdmaf ea tgber sgrua`ba, amt strbtlgbi, dbaftg, wetg noay mvbr twbaty ealgbs dmaf.

Noay spblebs mj smed dejb rbquerb am mtgbr jmmi tgoa tgb smed mr bortg porteldbs tgbnsbdvbs. Odd tgby

rbquerb tm pbrjmrn tgber wmr` mj no`eaf smed es enprmvbi deveaf lmaietemas, e.b., enprmvbi smed

ldenotb.


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LGO[YBS EZ

Ygb @bydeab \lodb mj [brnoabalb

EA mribr tm pdoa tgb ibvbdmpnbat oai noaofbnbat mj doai, tgb noay joltmrs tgot orb eavmdvbi

sgmudi cb rbdotbi ea smnb dmfelod mribr. Ygb pdoaaeaf mj mab ospblt luts olrmss mtgbrs, sm smnb nust

govb prbjbrbalb. Iblesemas govb tm cb noib ma odd smrts mj opporbatdy lmajdelteaf etbns mj doai

pdoaaeaf. Vb abbi, odsm, tm govb oa oen mr oa mchblt, o cosel pdoa.

Ej smnbtgeaf es tm cb pdoaabi oai cuedt et abbis o coses mr o jmuaiotema. Ej et gos o jmuaiotema, tgba

et sgmudi cb pbrnoabat, nmrb pbrnoabat tgoa tgb 'tgeaf', wgotbvbr et es, tgot fmbs ma tgb jmuaiotema.

Iblesemas ma oay ospblt mj pdoaaeaf govb o rbdotevb enpmrtoalb wgelg rbdotbs tm tgb pbrnoabalb

mj tgb bjjblt mj tgot iblesema. O noa ibleibs tm cuy o teb0 tges iblesema es amt os enpmrtoat os tgb

iblesema tm cuy o suet mj ldmtgbs. Et es uade`bdy tgot gb cuys tgb suet mj ldmtgbs tm notlg tgb teb, cut

dmfelod tm cuy tgb teb tm notlg tgb suet. Ygb pbrnoabalb mj tgb bjjblts mj bolg iblesema eaielotbs tgb

rbdotevb enpmrtoalb mj tgb iblesema ea pdoaaeaf.

Bvbry iblesema noib ma oay ospblt mj doai pdoaaeaf nust cb cosbi ma mr jet ea wetg odd mtgbrs tgot

orb nmrb pbrnoabat, mr nmrb pbrnoabat ea

the challenge of landscape (p a yeomans) 1958

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