the building science fight club roars – ashrae 62.2 vs. building

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The Building Science Fight Club Roars ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building Science Corpora?on’s New Ven?la?on Standard 24 February 2014 RESNET Conference

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Page 1: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

The  Building  Science  Fight  Club  Roars      

ASHRAE  62.2  vs.  Building  Science  Corpora?on’s  New  Ven?la?on  Standard    

24  February  2014  RESNET  Conference  

Page 2: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

High  Performance  Homes      –  Knowledge  +  Service  

Training  

HVAC  Design  HERS  Provider  

The  Energy  Vanguard  Blog  

Page 3: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

 Posi:ve  Energy  

• Building  Science  Consul:ng  &  Training  • High  Performance  HVAC  Design    • Energy  Modeling  &  Monitoring  • Building  Performance  Tes:ng  • Program  Compliance  &  Cx  • Net  Zero  Design  • IAQ  Tes:ng  

Page 4: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

The  Bones  

•  Why  we  need  ven:la:on  •  Ven:la:on  methods  •  Ven:la:on  rates  –  62.2  –  BSC-­‐01  

•  Dr.  Joe’s  beef  with  62.2  •  Where  will  this  lead?  •  Q&A  

Page 5: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Why  We  Need  Ven:la:on  

Air:ght  enclosures  

Page 6: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Infiltra:on  Doesn’t  Cut  It     ATTIC

Insulation fibers, dust, rodent scat

CRAWLSPACE

Mold, dust, lead, radon, moisture, termiticide

OUTSIDE

Pollen, auto fumes, dust

GARAGE

Carbon monoxide, pesticides, gasoline, fertilizers

Page 7: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Bad  Stuff  in  the  Air  

Water  vapor  CO2  

VOCs  Formaldehyde  NOx  

Radon  …and  more!    

Page 8: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Pathways  

People  

Pollutants  

Connec:ons  

Page 9: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

2  Ways  to  Achieve  Good  IAQ  

Source  control  Mechanical  Ven:la:on  

Page 10: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

“Build  Tight.    Ven:late  Right.”  

Page 11: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

3  Types  of  People  

1.  Those  who  can  do  math  

2.  and  those  who  can’t.  

Page 12: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

3  Types  of  Ven:la:on  

1.  Whole  house  2.  Local  3.  Buffer  space  

Page 13: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Whole  House  Ven:la:on  

Posi:ve  Pressure  

Page 14: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Whole  House  Ven:la:on  

Posi:ve  Pressure  

Page 15: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Whole  House  Ven:la:on  

Central  Fan  Integrated  Supply  (CFIS)  

Image  courtesy  of  Building  Science  Corpora?on  

Page 16: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Whole  House  Ven:la:on  

Neutral  Pressure  

Page 17: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Whole  House  Ven:la:on  

Neutral  Pressure  

•  HRV  •  ERV  •  Balanced  

without  recovery  

Page 18: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Whole  House  Ven:la:on  

Nega:ve  Pressure  

Page 19: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Whole  House  Ven:la:on  

Exhaust-­‐only  

Page 20: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Local  Ven:la:on  

•  Bathrooms  •  Kitchens  

Page 21: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Buffer  Space  Ven:la:on  

•  Radon  •  Crawl  space  •  Garage  •  Acc  

Page 22: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

How  Much  to  Ven:late?  

•  ASHRAE  62-­‐1989?  •  ASHRAE  62.2-­‐2010?  •  ASHRAE  62.2-­‐2013?  •  BSC-­‐01?  •  Something  else?  

Whole-­‐House  Ven?la?on  

Page 23: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

62.2  Ven:la:on  Rates  

62.2-­‐2010    Qv  =  0.01  Afloor  +  7.5  (Nbr  +  1)    62.2-­‐2013    Qv  =  0.03  Afloor  +  7.5  (Nbr  +  1)  

   Afloor  =  cond.  floor  area,    Nbr  =  #  of  bedrooms  

Page 24: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

“ASHRAE  62  is  the  only  na?onal  consensus  standard  document  there  is.  Follow  62.2.  Resistance  is  fu?le.”    

 ~  Dr.  Max  Sherman  

Page 25: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

“Game  on.”    

 ~  Dr.  Joseph  Ls?burek  

Page 26: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

BSC-­‐01  Ven:la:on  Rates  

BSC-­‐01    Qv  =  0.01  Afloor  +  7.5  (Nbr  +  1)      

Afloor  =  cond.  floor  area,    Nbr  =  #  of  bedrooms    But  wait…there’s  more!  

Page 27: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

BSC-­‐01  Ven:la:on  Rates  

Page 28: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Real  Numbers  

•  2000  sf,  3  bedroom  house  •  3  BR  è  4  people  

Method   Rate  (cfm)  62.2-­‐2010   50    62.2-­‐2013   90  BSC-­‐01   50,  63,  or  75  (w/o  mixing)  

38,  47,  or  56  (w/  mixing)  

Page 29: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Why  Dr.  Joe  Went  Rogue  

•  Comfort  •  Humidity  •  Energy  consump:on  •  System  effec:veness  •  Lack  of  data  on  health  impacts  

Page 30: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Ven:la:on  Effec:veness  Study  •  Rudd  &  Bergey,  Building  America  study,  BA-­‐1309,  March  2013  

•  2  iden:cal  houses  in  Tyler,  Texas  •  Slab,  aoached  garage  •  1  with  sealed  acc,  1  vented  acc  •  Tracer  gas,  par:culates,  VOCs  

Page 31: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Ven:la:on  Effec:veness  Study  

•  CFIS  had  47%  lower  VOC  level  than  EO  •  ERV  had  57%  lower  VOC  level  than  EO  •  EO  had  37%  higher  VOC  level  than  baseline  for  vented  acc  home  

•  EO  had  18%  higher  VOC  level  than  baseline  for  sealed  acc  home  

•  EO  drew  34%  of  ven:la:on  air  from  vented  acc    

Page 32: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Ven:la:on  Effec:veness  

Page 33: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Where  Do  These  Rates  Come  From?  

•  Odor  control  –  15  cfm/person,  C.P.  Yaglou  research,  1936  

•  0.35  ACH  for  residen:al  since  62-­‐89  –  ‘expert  judgment,’  not  health  data  

•  Long  history,  mostly  commercial  and  ins:tu:onal  

 

Page 34: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

What  Level  of  Pollutants  Is  Safe?  

•  Who’s  living  in  the  house?  •  Which  pollutant?  •  Where  in  the  house?  •  We  don’t  really  know  

Page 35: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Related  Ques:ons  

•  What  sources  of  indoor  pollutants  does  the  house  have?  – Aoached  garage?  – Moldy  crawl  space?  – Household  chemicals?  

•  How  bad  is  the  outdoor  air?  –  Including  underground  

Page 36: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

“If  there  is  a  pile  of  manure  in  a  space,  do  not  try  to  remove  the  odor  by  ven?la?on.  Remove  the  

pile  of  manure.”    

 ~  Max  von  PeVenkofer,  1858    

Page 37: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Source  Control  

•  Best  to  prevent  pollutants  from  gecng  into  air  

•  Ven:la:on  doesn’t  always  work  

Page 38: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Formaldehyde  and  Ven:la:on  Rates  

Offerman  study,  2009  -­‐  Ven?la?on  and  Indoor  Air  Quality  in  New  Homes    

Page 39: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

A  Lesson  in  Source  Strengths  

•  Formaldehyde  emission  from  materials  increases  when  you  ven:late  more.  

•  Materials  that  emit  formaldehyde  at  lower  levels  result  in  less  formaldehyde  in  home’s  air.  

Page 40: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

What  Should  Happen  Next?  

•  62.2  commioee  needs  to  address  the  issues  Joe  raised  –  System  effec:veness  –  Humidity  –  Source  control  –  Science  behind  ven:la:on  rates  

•  Make  the  standard  simpler!  •  Add  design  flexibility  

Thanks  to  Eric  Werling  for  making  these  great  sugges?ons  first!  

Page 41: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

“On  a  long  enough  ?meline,  the  survival  rate  for  everyone  drops  to  zero.”    

 ~  Fight  Club  narrator  

Page 42: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Other  Ven:la:on  Talks  Ven?la?on:  Effec?ve  Strategies  &  Lessons  Learned  

Tue,  10:30.  Doug  McCleery,  MaGrann  Associates  IAQ,  Ven?la?on,  and  Air?ghtness  in  High  Performance  New  and  Exis?ng  Homes  

 Tue,  3:30.  Brennan  Less  &  Iain  Walker,  Lawrence  Berkeley  Na:onal  Laboratory  

The  “V”  in  HVAC:  Mechanical  Ven?la?on  in  ENERGY  STAR  Cer?fied  Homes  

Wed,  8:30.  Dean  Gamble,  U.S.  EPA;  Ashley  Fowler,  ICF  Interna:onal  

Page 43: The Building Science Fight Club Roars – ASHRAE 62.2 vs. Building

Contact  Info  

Allison  Bailes        Energy  Vanguard  Decatur,  GA  [email protected]  energyvanguard.com  

Kristof  Irwin        Posi:ve  Energy  Aus:n,  TX  kristof@posi:veenergy.pro  posi:veenergy.pro